IRJET- Spring Testing Machine
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This document describes the design and development of a spring testing machine. The machine uses an ultrasonic sensor and microcontroller to apply varying loads to a spring and measure the resulting deflection. This allows the machine to test springs of different diameters and lengths and determine properties like stiffness. It provides an inexpensive and portable way for spring manufacturers and engineering students to evaluate spring characteristics. The system works by applying a weight to the spring and using the ultrasonic sensor and microcontroller to measure and display the deflection. This provides an automated method to test springs without complex or expensive equipment.
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3684
Spring testing machine
Prof.Amit chaudhary1, Mr. Vaibhav sirame2, Mr.Gajanan bharude3, Mr. Amol dubal4,
Mr. Rajkumar wade5
1Asst.Prof. Dept of Mechanical, Sppu, PVPIT, Pune, Mahrashtra, India
2345Dept of Mechanical Engg Pursuing Bachelorette Degree, PVPIT, Pune, Maharashtra, India
---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - Mechanical Engineering without production and
manufacturing is meaningless and inseparable. Production
and manufacturing process deals with conversion of raw
materials inputs to finished products as per required
dimensions specifications and efficiently using recent
technology. In our project spring load testing machine is
used to find out the stiffness, modulus of rigidity, bulk
modules. In spring working industry a widerangeinspection
machines are used. As the industry is a large and growing
industry different type of machines are used for different
operations. Our project the spring rolling machine is very
simple in operation by using microcontroller with digital
display. This machine is used to testing the various types of
spring load test in different diameters and length of the
spring. This machine can be used in various fields. This
machine is simple in construction and working principle.
Key Words: Spring, Ride height, Spring coil, Stiffness,
Spring testing machine, Load, Deflection.
1. INTRODUCTION
Spring rolling industry is a large and growing industry.
There are many special purposes machines used in this
industry to-day. The proper selection of the machines
depends upon the type of the work under-taken by the
particular industry. There are many examples of spring,
which can be seen in our everyday lives. The metals
generally used for spring rolling work include iron, copper,
tin, aluminium, stainless and brass. Our project the “SPRING
TESTING MACHINE” finds huge application in all spring
manufacturing industry.
A spring is an elastic body used to store mechanical energy.
When a spring is compressed or stretched from its mean
position, it exerts an opposing force approximately
proportional to its change in length. Spring is used in
hydraulic valves, ball point pens, in a round hole or
anywhere a pushing or compressing force needs to be
applied. It is also used in brakes, clutches, spring balance,
shock absorber, toys and watches etc. The most common
application of spring is in vehicle suspension.
2. PROBLEM STATEMENT
Many companies manufacture spring machine and they
required the springs for installing in their products. Design
and develop the spring testing machine by using electronic
circuit . and Also fabricate the model of the same which will
show the working desired by design and develop of spring
stiffness testing machine.
3. LITERTURE REVIEW
G. S. JAGUSHTE, S. S. JOSHI [1]:
Springs isolate the driver from road imperfections by
allowing the tyre to move over a bump without drastically
disturbing the chassis. If the chassis remains fairly steady
then the tyres are better able to follow road contours
automatically. While springs do an excellent job of
smoothing over bumps, they will keep bouncing once
started. In other words, the chassis continues swaying and
the tyreskeep hopping long after the vehicle strikes a bump.
Left uncontrolled, springs give an uncomfortable ride with
very poor tyre to road contact.
P. D. Belapurkar [2]
Mechanical springs used in any machine hold its own
stiffnessvalue. This stiffness/ spring rate changesaccording
to different springs and its application. Stiffness of any
spring is an important factor as far as its application is
considered. Hence in industries many methods are used to
test and calibrate springs. Many methods are been used to
test springs such as hydraulic actuators or by applying
external load etc. In search of the most advanced machinery
to test springs, basic mechanisms are under looked. This
leads to inefficient growth of machines. Considering this
factor spring testing machine is developed.
4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
4.1 WORKING DIAGRAM
Fig.1 Spring testing machine](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v5i3862-190206081557/85/IRJET-Spring-Testing-Machine-1-320.jpg)
IRJET- Spring Testing Machine
- 1. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3684 Spring testing machine Prof.Amit chaudhary1, Mr. Vaibhav sirame2, Mr.Gajanan bharude3, Mr. Amol dubal4, Mr. Rajkumar wade5 1Asst.Prof. Dept of Mechanical, Sppu, PVPIT, Pune, Mahrashtra, India 2345Dept of Mechanical Engg Pursuing Bachelorette Degree, PVPIT, Pune, Maharashtra, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - Mechanical Engineering without production and manufacturing is meaningless and inseparable. Production and manufacturing process deals with conversion of raw materials inputs to finished products as per required dimensions specifications and efficiently using recent technology. In our project spring load testing machine is used to find out the stiffness, modulus of rigidity, bulk modules. In spring working industry a widerangeinspection machines are used. As the industry is a large and growing industry different type of machines are used for different operations. Our project the spring rolling machine is very simple in operation by using microcontroller with digital display. This machine is used to testing the various types of spring load test in different diameters and length of the spring. This machine can be used in various fields. This machine is simple in construction and working principle. Key Words: Spring, Ride height, Spring coil, Stiffness, Spring testing machine, Load, Deflection. 1. INTRODUCTION Spring rolling industry is a large and growing industry. There are many special purposes machines used in this industry to-day. The proper selection of the machines depends upon the type of the work under-taken by the particular industry. There are many examples of spring, which can be seen in our everyday lives. The metals generally used for spring rolling work include iron, copper, tin, aluminium, stainless and brass. Our project the “SPRING TESTING MACHINE” finds huge application in all spring manufacturing industry. A spring is an elastic body used to store mechanical energy. When a spring is compressed or stretched from its mean position, it exerts an opposing force approximately proportional to its change in length. Spring is used in hydraulic valves, ball point pens, in a round hole or anywhere a pushing or compressing force needs to be applied. It is also used in brakes, clutches, spring balance, shock absorber, toys and watches etc. The most common application of spring is in vehicle suspension. 2. PROBLEM STATEMENT Many companies manufacture spring machine and they required the springs for installing in their products. Design and develop the spring testing machine by using electronic circuit . and Also fabricate the model of the same which will show the working desired by design and develop of spring stiffness testing machine. 3. LITERTURE REVIEW G. S. JAGUSHTE, S. S. JOSHI [1]: Springs isolate the driver from road imperfections by allowing the tyre to move over a bump without drastically disturbing the chassis. If the chassis remains fairly steady then the tyres are better able to follow road contours automatically. While springs do an excellent job of smoothing over bumps, they will keep bouncing once started. In other words, the chassis continues swaying and the tyreskeep hopping long after the vehicle strikes a bump. Left uncontrolled, springs give an uncomfortable ride with very poor tyre to road contact. P. D. Belapurkar [2] Mechanical springs used in any machine hold its own stiffnessvalue. This stiffness/ spring rate changesaccording to different springs and its application. Stiffness of any spring is an important factor as far as its application is considered. Hence in industries many methods are used to test and calibrate springs. Many methods are been used to test springs such as hydraulic actuators or by applying external load etc. In search of the most advanced machinery to test springs, basic mechanisms are under looked. This leads to inefficient growth of machines. Considering this factor spring testing machine is developed. 4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 4.1 WORKING DIAGRAM Fig.1 Spring testing machine
- 2. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3685 1. Frame 2. Spring 3. Weighting box 4. LCD 4.2 WORKING OPERATION The microcontroller receivesthe signalsfrom power supply unit; the transistor T1, T2, T3 and T4 is used to ON the each letter one by one with respect to the load applying to the spring. The circuit drew the power from the rectified 12 volt supply. This 12 volt is regulated by the 5 volt with thehelpof microcontroller. The 12 MHz crystal oscillator is used inthis circuit. This oscillator is used to decide the operating speed of the microcontroller. 4.3 COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION 1. Ultrasonic sensor ultrasonic sensors are devices thatuseelectrical–mechanical energy transformation to measure distance from the sensor to the target object. Ultrasonic waves are longitudinal mechanical waves which travel as a sequence of compressions and rarefactions along the direction of wave propagation through the medium. Fig.2 HC-SR04 Front view VCC – 5V Power supply. TRIG – Trigger Pin connect to the P1.1 of AT89S52. ECHO – Echo Pin connect to the P1.0 of AT89S52. GND – -0V Ground 2. Spring A spring is an elastic object that stores mechanical energy. Springs are typically made of spring steel. There are many spring designs. In everyday use, the term often refers to coil springs. When a conventional spring, without stiffness variability features, is compressed or stretched from its resting position, it exerts an opposing force approximately proportional to its change in length (this approximation breaks down for larger deflections). Fig.3 spring 3. Arduino The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328 (datasheet). It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power jack,an ICSP header, and a reset button. It contains everything needed to support the microcontroller; simplyconnectittoa computer with a USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started. "Uno" means "One" in Italian and is named to mark the upcoming release of Arduino 1.0. The Uno and version 1.0 will be the reference versions of Arduino, moving forward. The Uno is the latest in a series of USB Arduino boards, and the reference model for the Arduino platform; for a comparison with previousversions, see theindexofArduino boards. 5.ADVANTGES,DISADVATAGES AND APPLICATION ADVANTGES 1) Its operation and maintenance is very simple. 2) It is compact and portable. 3) It is simple and rigid in construction. 4) Manufacturing cost is lesser than other testing machine. 5) It provides better clamping force on the job. DISADVANTAGES 1) Electronic components life is limited. 2) Additional cost is required APPLICATION • This device is mainly used in manufacturing – oriented industries and spring manufactures. • This device is suitable for holding open coiled spring. • It is used to find the torsional rigidity of spring of engineering colleges and polytechnics.
- 3. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3686 CONCLUSION Design and implementation of spring stiffness testing machine is successfully completed. The main purpose ofthis project for student to analysis different types of spring stiffness and application of different types of sprigs uses. Manufacturing cost is also less. Less time required to find stiffness. Easy for student to analyze different types of springs. It has high accuracy in spring testing and precision work REFERENCES 1. S. M. Metev and V. P. Veiko, Laser Assisted Microtechnology, 2nd ed., R. M. Osgood, Jr., Ed. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, 1998. 2. J. Breckling, Ed., The Analysis of Directional Time Series: Applications to Wind Speed and Direction,ser.LectureNotes in Statistics. Berlin, Germany: Springer, 1989, vol. 61. 3. S. Zhang, C. Zhu, J. K. O. Sin, and P. K. T. Mok, “A novel ultrathin elevated channel low temperature poly-Si TFT,” IEEE Electron Device Lett., vol. 20, pp. 569–571, Nov. 1999. 4. M. Wegmuller, J. P. von der Weid, P. Oberson, and N. Gisin, “High resolution fiber distributed measurements with coherent OFDR,” in Proc. ECOC‟00, 2000, paper 11.3.4, p. 109. 5. R. E. Sorace, V. S. Reinhardt, and S. A. Vaughn, “High-speed digital-to-RF converter,” U.S. Patent 5 668 842, Sept. 16, 1997.