IRJET- Study of Real Time Kinematica Survey with Differential Global Positioning System
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1) The document discusses using real time kinematic (RTK) surveying with differential global positioning systems (DGPS) to improve surveying accuracy from 15 meters to 10 centimeters. 2) RTK uses a fixed base station that transmits correction data to a rover to reduce positioning errors. Accuracy is improved up to 20km from the base station. 3) The study involved taking 27 point readings using RTK surveying in Tippani and creating an AutoCAD plan from the DGPS data to compare accuracy and efficiency to traditional surveying methods. DGPS was found to be faster, reduce human error, and only require open sky versus line of sight for total stations.
IRJET- Study of Real Time Kinematica Survey with Differential Global Positioning System
- 1. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2566 Study of Real Time Kinematica Survey with Differential Global Positioning System Mr. Amit Mahidhar1, Dr. P.J Patel2 1M.tech CPM, Department of civil engineering, Ganpat University, Gujarat, India 2 Professor, Head of Civil Department, Ganpat University, UVPCE, Gujarat, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract: Surveying is the art and science to determine the three dimension position of point and the distance and angle between them .There are different instrument for measuring the point, one of them is Differential GlobalPositioningSystem. Differential Global Positioning Systems (DGPS) are enhancements to the Global Positioning System (GPS) which provide improved location accuracy,intherangeofoperations of each system, from the 15-meter nominal GPS accuracy to about 10 cm in case of the best implementations. There are mainly two method 1.Real Time Kinematica, 2.PostProcessing Method. Key Words: Differential Global Positioning System, Real Time Kinematica, Post Processing Method 1. INTRODUCTION Real Time Kinematic (RTK) positioning is a satellite navigation technique used to enhance the precision of position data derived from satellite-based positioning systems (global navigation satellite systems, GNSS) such as GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and BeiDou. The distance between a satellite navigation receiver and a satellite can be calculated from the time it takes for a signal to travel from the satellite to the receiver. 2. NEED FOR STUDY For improvement of technique of surveyingbecausethetime taken by DGPS is less than the traditional method and. or More accurate surveying 3 OBJECTIVE a. To study the Real time kinematica method with the differential global positing system (DGPS). b. To improve the accuracy of survey and time taken by survey. 4. ERROR IN DGPS a. Satellite ephemeris errors b. Tropospheric errors c. Ionospheric errors d. Lack of indivisibility of satellites 5. Methods for reducing the error in DGPS 5.1. Real time Kinematic (RTK) Real Time Kinematic (RTK) positioning is a satellite navigation technique used to enhance the precision of position data derived from satellite-based positioning systems. In practice, RTK systems use a single base station receiver and a number of mobile units. The base station re- broadcasts the phase of the carrier that it observes, and the mobile units compare their own phase measurements with the one received from the base station. There are several ways to transmit a correction signal from base station to mobile station. The most popular way to achieve real-time, low-cost signal transmission is to use a radio modem, typically in the UHF band. In most countries, certain frequencies are allocated specifically for RTK purposes. Most land survey equipment has a built-in UHF band radio modem as a standard option. RTK provides accuracy enhancements up to about 20km from the base station. The distance between a satellite navigation receiver and a satellite can be calculated from the time it takes for a signal to travel from the satellite to the receiver. To calculate the delay, the receiver must align a pseudorandom binary sequence contained in the signal to an internally generated pseudorandom binary sequence. Since the satellite signal takes time to reach the receiver, the satellite's sequence is delayed in relation to the receiver's sequence. By increasingly delaying the receiver's sequence, the two sequences are eventually aligned. RTK follows the same general concept, but uses the satellite signal's carrier wave asits signal, ignoring the information contained within.RTK uses a fixed base station and a rover to reduce the rover's position error. The base station transmits correction data to the rover.
- 2. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2567 Fig-1 Real time kinematica (Source: Google.com) 6. Methodology 6.1 Real time kinematica Fig-2 Tippani Sr No Northing Southing Elevation Marking 1 2540665 541325 56.721 2 2540643 541304 56.824 3 2540616 541246 57.86 STONE 4 2540646 541201 57.995 STONE 5 2540643 541074 60.616 STONE 6 2540654 540987 59.876 7 2540676 540993 60.3 CHUNO 8 2540747 540993 60.733 9 2540808 540995 61.001 STONE 10 2540814 540995 61.18 STONE 11 2540823 540992 61.226 TOWER 12 2540822 541230 57.669 TOWER 13 2540861 541250 57.782 TOWER 14 2540866 541256 57.727 STONE 15 2540866 541261 57.7 STONE 16 2540867 541261 57.689 STONE 17 2540870 541280 57.36 STONE 18 2540872 541282 57.833 STONE 19 2540793 541279 57.656 20 2540726 541297 57.56 21 2541556 540298 62.197 STONE 22 2541551 540299 62.212 STONE 23 2541558 540233 62.113 STONE 24 2541569 540169 61.102 25 2541570 540122 61.926 26 2541575 540036 63.46 STONE 27 2541687 539999 63.851 STONE Table 1 Readings taken by RTK method Fig 3 AutoCAD plan prepared from DGPS reading
- 3. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2568 Fig 4 Comparison between tippani and DGPS plan 7. CONCLUSION Speed of work with help of DGPS is more than the total station. DGPS reduces the human error because the part of settlement of line of sight is nullify in DGPS. DGPS only required open sky. Time take by DGPS is less than the total station. Maintance cost of DGPS is less than the total station. DGPSoperated by a singleperson somanpowerusageisalso decreases. Use total station during night is not possible, where as in the DGPS it possible to take reading during the night time. REFERENCES 1 D.G.P.S. SURVEY REPORT FIELD CRAFT TRAINING CENTER DIVISION KONDAGAON DISTRICT KONDAGAON, CHHATTISGARH. 2 Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) Operation and Post-Processing Method for the SynchronousImpulse Reconstruction (SIRE) Radar 3 DGPS SURVEY OF BOUNDARIES IN STATE FOREST DEPARTMENTS BIOGRAPHIES Mr. Amit Mahidhar M.tech CPM Ganpat University Dr. P.J Patel Professor & Head of Civil Department, Ganpat University