This document discusses different types of reinforcement used in an instructional setting. It describes positive reinforcement as rewarding good behavior, while negative reinforcement involves removing an undesirable stimulus. The document outlines three sources of reinforcement: vicarious reinforcement which occurs by observing others, peer reinforcement from one's peers, and self reinforcement. It also discusses three ways of delivering reinforcement: verbal praise, gestural cues like smiles, and token systems using rewards. The goal of reinforcement is to strengthen students' attention, motivation, behavior, and learning. The document provides examples of different reinforcement techniques teachers can use like activity, proximity, contact, group, delayed, and qualified reinforcement.