L2 unit 1-definition and practical examples, basic clcs
- 1. SVERI’s College of Engineering, Pandharpur Department of Electrical Engineering Control Systems-I Dr. Dipti A. Tamboli HoD, Electrical Engg. Department
- 2. 2 Unit 1- Introduction to Control systems Control System – Definition and Practical Examples Definition, basic components & classification of general control system, Open loop & Close Loop control systems, Advantages & disadvantages, examples, Positive & negative feedback, Transfer Function of open loop and closed loop control system. Content
- 3. “SYSTEM” A system is an arrangement of or a combination of different physical components connected or related in such a manner so as to form an entire unit to attain a certain objective. SYSTEMInput Output 3
- 4. CONTROL It means to regulate, direct or command a system so that the desired objective is attained. Combining above definitions System + Control = Control System 4
- 5. CONTROL SYSTEM 5 It is an arrangement of different physical elements connected in such a manner so as to regulate, direct or command itself to achieve a certain objective. OR The control system is that by which any quantity of interest in a machine, mechanism, or other equipment is maintained or changed in accordance with a desired manner. Eg. Classroom with teacher & students, lamp with switch, automobile system CONTR OL SYSTE M Input Output 5
- 6. INPUT 6 The stimulus, applied signal or excitation applied to a control system from an external source in order to produce the output is called input Input 6
- 7. OUTPUT 7 The actual response obtained from a system is called output. OutputInput 7
- 8. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SYSTEM AND CONTROL SYSTEM 8 System Input Contro l Syste m Input Desired Output Proper Output (May or may not be desired) 8
- 9. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SYSTEM AND CONTROL SYSTEM 9 An example : Fan Fan (Syste m) 230V/50Hz AC Supply Air Flow Input Output 9
- 10. A FAN: CAN'T SAY SYSTEM 10 230V/50Hz AC Supply No Airflow (No Proper/ Desired Output) A Fan without blades cannot be a “SYSTEM” Because it cannot provide a desired/proper output i.e. airflow Input Output 10
- 11. A FAN: CAN BE A SYSTEM 11 A Fan with blades but without regulator can be a “SYSTEM” Because it can provide a proper output i.e. airflow But it cannot be a “Control System” Because it cannot provide desired output i.e. controlled airflow Input Output 230V/50Hz AC Supply Airflow (Proper Output) 11
- 12. A FAN: CAN BE A CONTROL SYSTEM 12 A Fan with blades and with regulator can be a “CONTROL SYSTEM” Because it can provide a Desired output. i.e. Controlled airflow 230V/50Hz AC Supply Controlled Airflow (Desired Output) Input Output Control Element 12
- 13. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF CLCS 13 Referenc e Transduc er Controller Plant Feedback Transducer Command I/p Reference I/p Feedback Signal Manipulated Signal Error Signal Controlled O/pr(t) e(t) b(t) c(t) c(t)m(t) Forward Path Feedback Path 13
- 14. 14 Plant: The portion of the system to be controlled or regulated is called the plant or process. OR A set of machines parts functioning together to perform a particular operation is known as a plant. Process: A process is to be natural, an artificial or voluntary, progressively continuing operations that consist of series of controlled actions or movement systematically directed towards a particular result. eg. Chemical, biological, economical process 14
- 15. 15 Controller: The element of the system itself or external to the system which control the plant or process is called controller. Disturbance: Disturbance is a signal which tends to adversely affect the value of the output of a syste. If such disturbance is generated within the system itself, it is called internal disturbance. If disturbance generated outside the system acting as an extra input to the system in addition to its normal input, then it is called as external disturbance. 15
- 16. 16 Feedback control: Feedback control is an operation which, in the presence of disturbances, tend to reduce the difference between output of the system and the reference input. Only unpredictable disturbances are to be designed, since for predictable/known disturbances, it is always possible to include compensation within the system, so that measurement is not necessary. Thus, A feedback control system is one which tend to maintain a prescribed relationship between the output and the reference input by comparing these and using16
- 17. 17 Thank You