Learn CTSD in 3 minutes | Cathepsin D
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The document provides quick facts about cathepsin D (ctsd), including its structure, function, and significance in biological processes like metabolic degradation and programmed cell death. It details the molecular weights of the precursor and mature forms, and the expected band sizes observed in Western blot analyses. Additionally, it mentions the clinical potential of ctsd and provides resources for further information.
Learn CTSD in 3 minutes | Cathepsin D
- 1. www.bosterbio.com CTSD IN 3 MINUTES Quick facts, control designs, Western Blot MW. Info you can use to find the best CTSD antibody.
- 2. FACTS 01. Function, structure, etc. TISSUES 02. Expressing tissues/cells WESTERN BLOT 03. Expected band sizes HISTORY 04. …and medical significance TABLE OF CONTENTS
- 3. ● Cathepsin D (CTSD) ● Disulfide-linked light and heavy chains ● Precursor/pro-form has 412 amino acids. Cleaved into pro-peptide and mature CTSD for activation. ○ Mature form is 337 AAs long. ● Precursor/pro-form: ~52 kDa ● Mature form: ~34 kDa 01. FACTS AlphaFold predicted structure Image source: https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/entry/P07339
- 4. 02. TISSUES Image source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000117984-CTSD/tissue
- 5. 03. CTSD WESTERN BLOT 488 images available on PMC: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=cathepsin+d+western+blot&report=imagesdocsu m After reviewing several WB images, we observe pro-form CTSD at ~52 kDa and mature CTSD at ~34 kDa. PMC3029254 Figure 2 PMC2077288 Figure 5 PMC3951679 Figure 3 PMC3620728 Figure 8 Boster Bio CTSD Antibody (MA1013, Mouse Monoclonal) PMC73447878 Figure 5
- 6. CTSD is involved with metabolic degradation processing of enzyme activators and inhibitors, and regulation of programmed cell death. 04. HISTORY Cathepsin D can activate the growth factors VEGF-C and VEGF- D. 1980s CLINICAL POTENTIAL
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Editor's Notes
- #2: Does your next experiment involve Cathepsin D? This video is for scientists who want to run Western blot, IHC, flow or other immunoassays against CTSD.
- #3: We will cover some basic facts, protein expression, and Cathepsin D’s expected behavior in Western blot. All information in this video is based on public information and no proprietary experimental evidence was used.
- #4: Topic 1: Quick facts about CTSD. Cathepsin D is part of the peptidase family A1 that functions by degrading proteins and activating precursors of bioactive proteins in pre-lysosomal compartments. CTSD has highly conserved homology amongst most mammals. The precursor of CTSD is 412 amino acids long and runs about 52 kilodaltons on Western blot while the mature form is 337 amino acids long and runs about 34 kilodaltons on Western blot.
- #5: Topic 2: Where is Cathepsin D expressed? High levels of CTSD have been found at multiple sites, including the basal ganglia, hippocampal formation, cerebral cortex, cerebellum, bronchus, lungs, duodenum, liver, gallbladder, kidney, and fallopian tubes. They are also expressed at lower levels in the thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, stomach, colon, pancreas, male tissues, adipose tissue, skin, and lymphoid tissues. It is released into and can be detected in blood, urine, and saliva. You can find more information at protein atlas dot org including which cell lines express CTSD and which ones don’t. This information will come in handy when designing positive and negative controls for western blot and immunohistochemistry.
- #6: Topic 3: Cathepsin D in Western blotting. Antibody specificity can make or break an experiment. After looking through Western blot images from publications and antibody companies, we can see that typically two bands can be expected in a CTSD Western blot, the pro-form CTSD at around 52 kilodaltons and the mature CTSD at around 34 kilodaltons. Check out the PMC link for more images, which is also provided in the description box.
- #7: Topic 4: Some interesting facts about Cathepsin D. Overall, CTSD has shown to have many functions since its discovery in the 1980s. It is involved with metabolic degradation of intracellular proteins, activation and degradation of polypeptide hormones and growth factors, activation of enzymatic precursors, processing of enzyme activators and inhibitors, brain antigen processing and regulation of programmed cell death. CTSD is also able to activate the growth factors VEGF-C and VEGF-D, which may partially explain its relevance for tumor progression.