Lession 1 introduction to accounting
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This document provides an introduction to business accounting. It discusses the objective of accounting as keeping systematic records to ascertain results and financial position, and analyze profits. It notes users of accounting include owners, management, creditors, employees, investors, and the government. Advantages are having a complete transaction record and useful information for decisions. Limitations include accounting being historical in nature and excluding qualitative elements.
Lession 1 introduction to accounting
- 1. Session I – Introduction to Business Accounting Objective of Accounting Users of accounting Advantages of Accounting Limitations of Accounting
- 2. Book Keeping Book- keeping is the art of recording business transactions in a systematic manner”. A.H.Rosenkamph Book- keeping includes recording of journal, posting in ledgers and balancing of accounts All the records before the preparation of trail balance
- 3. 1. To keeping systematic record 2. To ascertain the results of the operation 3. To show the financial effect on the entity of each transaction recorded. Objective of Book keeping
- 4. 4. Prevention of errors and frauds 5. Measure of exercising a system of control. 6. Permanent record of each transactions 7. To ascertain the amount to be received or paid. Objective of Book keeping
- 5. Definition of Accounting The art of recording, classifying and summarizing in a significant manner and in terms of money, transactions and events, which are, in part at least, of a financial character and interpreting the results thereof (AICPA) American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Accounting is the bigger picture Book Keeping Taking the information that is obtained through the bookkeeping process and using that information to analyze the results of the business. provides the reports and information needed for the user of the account
- 6. 1. To keep systematic record 2. To ascertain the results of the operation 3. To ascertain the financial position of the business: 4. To portray the liquidity position 5. To protect business properties 6. To facilitate rational decision making 7. To satisfy the requirements of law (GST). Objective of Accounting
- 7. 1. Owners 2. Management 3. Creditors 4. Employees 5. Investors 6. Government 7. Consumers 8. Research Scholars Users of accounting
- 8. 1. It helps in having complete record of business transactions. 2. It gives information about the profit or loss 3. It provides useful information for making decisions, 4. It facilitates comparative study of current year’s profit, sales, expenses etc., with those of the previous years. Advantages of Accounting
- 9. 5. To know about the management’s ability to utilize enterprise resources effectively 6. useful for predicting, comparing and evaluation the enterprise’s earning power. 7. It helps in complying with certain legal formalities like filing of income tax and sales-tax returns. Advantages of Accounting
- 10. 1. Accounting is historical in nature 2. It excludes qualitative elements like management, reputation, employee morale, labor strike etc 3. Valuation of inventory, provision for doubtful debts and assumption about useful life of an asset may differ from one business house to another 4. Money value is bound to change often from time to time. Limitations of Accounting