2. Where did you learn/hear this
issue?
Communication
Consideration
What was the topic of your last
conversation?
Activity 1: My Last Convo
Last Conversation Conversation Topic
Source of Issue
Recall the last conversation you
had with anyone. Answer the
following questions with words
or phrases.
Will you consider this particular
conversation as
communication? Why?
3. Communication is an everyday occurrence between a
person and himself or a person and other individuals.
• “process by which messages or information is sent
from one place to another or the message itself”,
• “the exchange of information and the expression of
feeling that can result in understanding”, and
• “process of sharing messages between human
beings”.
two key components of communication:
a) development of information and,
b) the selection of medium or media to be used in disseminating
information.
One key element for communication to occur is information.
“information is broadly defined as data, knowledge, or instructions
through signals or symbols”.
5. Verbal communication – “message is transmitted verbally; done by
word of mouth or a piece of writing”
• a. Oral communication – words are spoken and heard; communication is
affected by pitch, volume, speed and clarity of speaking.
• b. Written communication – written signs or symbols are used to transmit
the message; communication is affected by vocabulary and grammar used,
writing style, precision and clarity of the language used.
Non-verbal communication – “wordless sending and or receiving of
messages/information” Gestures, body language, posture, tone of voice, and
facial expressions
three elements:
• a. Appearance – may include what the speakers/listeners are wearing and the
setting of the communication process that helps send a message.
• b. Body language – in a face-to-face communication, the message is not
received through the words spoken only. Whether a person is consciously or
unconsciously doing it, how he/she acts also sends a message and it is also
A. According to Channels Used
6. B. TyBased on Purpose and Style
Informal Communication – commonly used form of
communication and rules of the language are not always
followed. Talking to your friend and greeting your neighbor
count as examples of this type of communication.
Formal Communication – mostly takes place in professional
settings such as corporate meetings, conferences, academic
seminars, political sessions and juridical proceedings and its
primary purpose is to disseminate information to the concerned
parties.
7. A simplified version of the process was proposed by
Clause Shannon, a Bell telephone company research
scientist. Below is a diagram of his model.
One of the model’s strong points is that it considers all elements involved in the process and shows what each
element’s role is. It does not, however, show any feedback mechanism. A concrete example of the model is a
television or radio broadcasting.
Models of Communication
In the process of establishing a deeper understanding
of how the communication process occurs, three
scholars’ models of communication have been
referred to in the study of the communication
process.
In Shannon’s model, the information source typically refers to a person, who then sends a message with the use
of a transmitter. This transmitter could be any instrument today (phones, computers, etc.). The signals that are
sent and received can vary depending on the method of communication. The box at the bottom called noise
refers to any signals that may interfere with the message being carried. This again would depend on the method
of communication. In his model, the receiver is either an equipment at the end of the line that delivers the
message to its destination or the person intended to receive the message.
8. Attitude – Gonzales (2016) wrote, “no matter how well composed the message is, without the appropriate
attitude, you will never get your information across”. The example given by Gonzales (2016) was if a person wants
to persuade his/her audience, the audience must be able to feel that this person’s heart is in the same cause,
otherwise, the desired effect will not be achieved.
The source, like the first model, refers to the sender of the message. According to Berlo, these factors must be
honed so that the process of communication will be a success.
Berlo's SMCR Model
The second model of communication was introduced by David Berlo. He tried to improve the first model, putting
more emphasis on the relationship of the person sending the message and the receiver. According to this model,
for the message to be properly encoded and decoded, the communication skills of both the source and the
receiver should be at best. The communication will be at its best only if the two points are skilled.
Communication Skills – It refers to how the speaker pronounces words properly, how s/he uses proper pauses as
well as his/her accent among other communication skills. Have you ever experienced skipping an ad or video
because you don’t understand what the speaker is saying?
9. Right! They are linear. Meaning, their models only show how the message is sent and received. The third model is
way different than these two.
Receiver in Berlo's Model
Before we proceed to the next model, what is common between the first two models?
The last element in the model is the receiver. If there is a sender, there definitely should be someone or
something who or that will receive what is being sent. The task of the receiver is to decode the message that was
sent by the sender. Decoding is the process where the receiver processes the message of the source and then
responds accordingly. According to Berlo, to have smooth communication between the sender and the receiver,
both should share the same platform, have good communication skills, exhibit the right attitude and have the
same level of knowledge.
10. Schramm's Circular Communication Model
In this model, the roles of the sender and receiver are interchangeable. A person involved in an effective
communication process becomes both a sender and a receiver. Turn-taking is emphasized in this model: no
single person is only ever going to be a sender or a receiver; rather, both parties will be both a sender and a
receiver at one and any point in an effective communication process. Visit this link for further explanation on this
model: YouTube Video.
It was Wilbur Schramm who adapted Osgood’s Theory of Circular Communication Model, which eventually
became the third model of communication.
12. Evaluation Criteria Excellent Very Satisfactory Satisfactory Needs Improvement
Student Understanding and
Demonstration of Concept
The illustration/drawing
showed full understanding of
the relationship between the
three concepts and how they
work together.
The illustration/drawing
showed understanding of the
relationship between the
three concepts and how they
work together.
The illustration/drawing
showed minimal evidence of
understanding the
relationship between the
three concepts and how they
work together.
There is no evidence of
understanding the
relationship between the
three concepts and how they
work together.
Activity 3: Draw the Relationship
After learning about the concepts presented in the previous part, show your understanding of the relationship
between information, media and communication by drawing/illustrating it. Be guided by the rubrics.
14. Aha!
Huh? 3. ___________
On your answer sheet, write down 2 “ahas” (something you learned) and 2 “huhs” (things you still have questions
about).
Activity 4: Aha! and Huh?
16. Now that you know these concepts, there must be at least one
instance in your life where these ideas (information, media and
communication) can be used or applied. Give one concrete sample
situation and explain in one or two sentences how these three
affect/influence each other.
Activity 5: Living It
18. What process allows people to express and exchange their thoughts, positions and feelings?
• a. encoding information
• b. communication
• c. writing a letter
What are the two key components in effective communication?
• a. development of information and selection of medium to be used
• b. attention of receiver and selection of medium to be used
• c. preparation of speaker and development of information
• d. preparation of speaker and attention of receiver
Assessment
Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.
Who are considered as producers of information in the communication process?
• a. participants
• b. speakers
• c. receivers
• d. listeners
20. Activity: My Day
Think of a moment this day where you were involved in any sort of communication process. Share this moment
here through a comic strip or simply a script of the event. Below your sharing, explain how this is related to the
concepts presented in this whole module (information, communication, types of communication and models of
communication).
22. • A
• D
• B
• A
• A
• A
• D
• A
• A
• B
• B
• B
What I Know
ANSWER KEY
• Answers may vary
What’s In
• Answers may vary
• Answers may vary
What’s More
What’s New
24. 1.It is a broadly defined as data, knowledge, or
instructions through signals or symbols.
2.It is an everyday occurrence between a person and
himself or a person and other individuals.
3.It is a wordless sending and or receiving of
messages/information” Gestures, body language,
posture, tone of voice, and facial expressions
4.The message is transmitted verbally; done by word of
mouth or a piece of writing”
5.An element of non-verbal communication that may
include what the speakers/listeners are wearing and
the setting of the communication process that helps
send a message.
25. 6. An element of non-verbal communication which pertains to the tone, pace and
volume also help in understanding a message. For example, if someone
shouts, it may mean that he/she is angry.
7. in a face-to-face communication, the message is not received through the
words spoken only. Whether a person is consciously or unconsciously doing
it, how he/she acts also sends a message and it is also consciously or
unconsciously received, which in turn affects the communication process.
8.Communication that mostly takes place in professional settings such as
corporate meetings, conferences, academic seminars, political sessions
and juridical proceedings and its primary purpose is to disseminate
information to the concerned parties.
9.A commonly used form of communication and rules of the language are
not always followed. Talking to your friend and greeting your neighbor
count as examples of this type of communication.
10.It refers to how the speaker pronounces words properly, how s/he uses
proper pauses as well as his/her accent among other communication skills.
