Life in a space
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The document covers various aspects of space, emphasizing its vastness and composition, including the essential life support systems required for human presence, such as air, water, and food. It discusses the design and purpose of spacesuits, the challenges of living in microgravity, and the implications of space research on technology and health. Additionally, it highlights historical milestones in human space exploration and the benefits derived from space technologies for life on Earth.
Life in a space
- 1. Made by : Nadeem Shareef
- 2. Space is bigger than the human mind can imagine it is impossible to measure so no one knows how big space really is, All we know is that Earth is in space and it is also home to many other planets. Space doesn’t have a colour but some people believe that it is black. Space is the void that exists beyond any celestial body, including the Earth. It is not completely empty, but consists of a hard vacuum containing a low density of particles: predominantly a plasma of hydrogen and helium, as well as electromagnetic radiation, magnetic fields, and neutrinos. In the space between galaxies, matter density can be as low as a few atoms of hydrogen per cubic meter. What is space ? The final frontier
- 3. ESSENTIALS OF LIFE SUPPORT Air Constituent control • CO2 scrubbing • Humidity control • Particulate scrubbing • O2, N2 makeup Temperature control Water Food Waste Management
- 4. Human Primary Life Support Requirements: Inputs Daily (% total Req. mass) Oxygen 0.83 kg 2.7% Food 0.62 kg 2.0% Water 3.56 kg 11.4% (drink and food prep.) Water 26.0 kg 83.9% (hygiene, flush laundry, dishes) TOTAL 31.0 kg Outputs Daily (% total mass) Carbon 1.00 kg 3.2% dioxide Metabolic 0.11 kg 0.35% solids Water 29.95 kg 96.5% (metabolic / urine 12.3%) (hygiene / flush 24.7%) (laundry / dish 55.7%) (latent 3.6%) TOTAL 31.0 kg
- 5. GETTING THERE… SPACE SHUTTLE FACTS 1. Space shuttle stack weighs about 4.3 million lbs! 2. The ET is 25.4 feet in diameter and 149 feet tall 3. The SRB’s are 12.5 feet in diameter and 154 feet tall 4. The orbiter’s wingspan is about 78 feet and it is 122 feet long. As tall as the Statue of Liberty!
- 6. THE SPACESUIT The first astronauts to walk in space were connected to the spacecraft with a hose that supplied oxygen and a means of communication. Modern astronauts use a suit that is completely self- contained and allow them to work outside the spacecraft for up to 9 hours at a time Each suit is custom- designed for the man or woman who will wear it!
- 8. WHY WEAR A SPACESUIT? To explore and work in space, human beings must take their environment with them because there is no atmospheric pressure and no oxygen to sustain life. Inside the spacecraft, the atmosphere can be controlled so that special clothing isn't needed, but when outside, humans need the protection of a spacesuit. Earth's atmosphere is 20 percent oxygen and 80 percent nitrogen from sea level to about 75 miles up, where space begins. At 18,000 feet, the atmosphere is half as dense as it is on the ground, and at altitudes above 40,000 feet, air is so thin and the amount of oxygen so small that pressure oxygen masks no longer do the job. Above the 63,000-foot threshold, humans must wear spacesuits that supply oxygen for breathing and that maintain a pressure around the body to keep body fluids in the liquid state.
- 10. SPACE FOODS Skylab: The Skylab laboratory had a freezer, refrigerator, warming trays, and a table, just like at home. Space Shuttle: Food variety expanded to 74 different kinds of food and 20 kinds of beverages. Most foods are frozen, refrigerated, or thermostabilized and will not require the addition of water before consumption. Menu included: coffee, bacon squares, cornflakes, scrambled eggs, cheese crackers, beef sandwich, chocolate pudding, tuna salad, peanut butter, etc. Compartmentalized food tray!!
- 12. HOW DO THEY KEEP CLEAN???
- 13. CLEANING Gets Hair Cut Brushes Hair Brushing Teeth
- 15. SLEEPING IN SPACE In space there is no up or down and there is no gravity. As a result, astronauts are weightless and can sleep in any orientation. However, they have to attach themselves to a wall, a seat or a bunk bed inside the crew cabin so they don't float around and bump into something. On the space station there are two small crew cabins. Each one is just big enough for one person. Inside both crew cabins is a sleeping bag and a large window to look out in space. Currently, space station crews have three astronauts living and working in space for months at a time. Where does the third astronaut sleep? If it's okay with the commander, the astronaut can sleep anywhere in the space station so long as they attach themselves to something.
- 16. TIME TO RISE AND SHINE When it is time to wake up, the Mission Control Centre sends wake up music to the crew. Usually, Mission Control will pick a song for a different astronaut each day. Sometimes a family member will request a favourite song for their particular loved one. Depending on the astronaut, Mission Control will play all types of music such as rock and roll, country and western, classical, or Russian music. However, only a shuttle crew receives wake up music while a space station crew uses an alarm clock.
- 17. ILLNESS AND INJURY DURING SPACE FLIGHT Incidence Common (>50%) skin rash, irritation foreign body eye irritation, corneal abrasion headache, backache, congestion gastrointestinal disturbance cut, scrape, bruise musculoskeletal strain, sprain fatigue, sleep disturbance space motion sickness post-landing orthostatic intolerance post-landing neurovestibular symptoms Incidence Uncertain infectious disease cardiac dysrhythmia, trauma, burn toxic exposure psychological stress, illness kidney stones pneumonitis urinary tract infection spinal disc disease unplanned radiation exposure
- 18. MULTIPLE PHYSIOLOGICAL DE-CONDITIONING IN 0- GRAVITY Human Physiology Changes in Micro-Gravity -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 Time, month %Changesfrom1-genvironment Earth Card Ind Fluids Muscle Bone Mass RBC Immune NeuroVestib
- 19. EXERCISE
- 20. ENTERTAINMENT
- 21. Access to space is very expensive. Why go there?
- 22. SAVING LIVES ON EARTH BY DEVELOPING PRODUCTS IN SPACE SAVING LIVES ON EARTH BY DEVELOPING PRODUCTS IN SPACE
- 23. RESEARCH IN SPACE Many of scientific experiments can’t be done in Earth due to presence of gravity. However, those experiments can be done more effectively in space. This is due to zero- gravity environment in Space. International Space Station(ISS)
- 24. SPACE RESEARCHES BENEFITS Researches and technologies about space exploration are very important for humanity. Research done is space contribute to improving national security, the economy, productivity and lifestyle. Since 1976, more than 30,000 applications of space technology have been brought down to earth to enhance our everyday life.
- 25. SPACE RESEARCHES BENEFITS Technology - space program technology has resulted in more than 1,500 commercial products, including satellite radio, digital and satellite television, cell phone technology, and GPS navigation. Medical - Digital hearing aids, miniature heart pumps, cancer detection devices, eye surgery, and numerous other medical and safety devices and improvements trace their origins to space technology MRI technology (brain scanners) in hospitals worldwide came from technology developed in space Pharmaceuticals produced in space with zero gravity have purities far higher than any produced on Earth
- 26. SPACE RESEARCHES BENEFITS Electronics: The field of electronics and computers have also benefited from the space exploration. The astronauts have manufactured miniature electronic parts that could only be produced in the space during their experiments in the space stations and space shuttles. Environmental: Clean & Safe Water. Water-purification technology used on the Apollo spacecraft is now employed in several applications to kill bacteria, viruses, and algae in community water-supply systems.
- 27. SURVIVING THERE: TECHNOLOGIES FOR LIVING IN SPACE
- 28. Space exploration imposes new challenges on human systems and terrestrial life in general.
- 29. Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first human in space in 1961. On July 20, 1969, Astronaut Neil Armstrong took “a giant step for mankind” as he stepped onto the moon. Valentina Tereshkova FIRST HUMAN GO TO SPACE
- 30. FUTURE IN SPACE Future in space