Marketing applications of reference group, family and culture
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The document discusses several factors that influence consumer behavior, including reference groups, family and culture. It defines reference groups as individuals or groups that serve as a point of comparison and influence evaluations, aspirations, and behaviors. Reference groups can include family, friends, and celebrities. Family and culture also shape consumer decisions. Culture refers to shared values, norms, and beliefs passed down through generations that impact tastes and preferences. Subcultures within a culture may differ based on attributes like ethnicity, age, religion, and location. Social classes and groups further influence consumer norms and status. Marketers study these factors to understand consumer decision-making.
Marketing applications of reference group, family and culture
- 1. MARKETING APPLICATION OF REFERENCE GROUPS , FAMILY & CULTURE
- 2. Consumer behavior Process through which buyers make decisions. Marketers borrow extensively from psychology and sociology to better understand consumer behavior. Consumer behavior is usually understood as a function of interpersonal influences and personal factors. WHAT IS CONSUMER BEHAVIOR ?
- 3. An individual or group who serve as points of comparison or reference and have a significant relevance on an individual's evaluations, aspirations or behaviour A group consists of two or more people who interact with each other to accomplish some goal. A reference group involves one or more people used as a basis for comparison or point of reference in forming affective and cognitive responses and performing behaviors. WHAT IS REFERENCE GROUP?
- 4. Play a vital role in socializing the consumer and transmitting society’s norms and values Influence a person’s values, beliefs, attitudes and behaviors. About :- products and brands What product attributes are important What lifestyles are desirable purchase/consumption decisions What do they do?
- 5. Reference groups are cultural groups in that members share certain common cultural meanings. Marketers try to determine the content of the shared meanings of various reference groups. Reference groups can have both positive and negative effects on consumers. ANALYZING REFERENCE GROUPS
- 6. FACTORS INFLUENCING BUYING DECISIONS Social Factors Individual Factors Psycho- logical Factors Cultural Factors CONSUMER DECISION- MAKING PROCESS BUY / DON’T BUY
- 7. Reference groups People or institutions whose opinions are valued and to whom a person looks for guidance in his or her own behavior, values, and conduct, such as family, friends, or celebrities. Influence of reference group depends on two conditions: • Purchased product must be seen and identifiable. • Purchased product must be conspicuous, something not everybody owns. REFERENCE GROUPS
- 8. A group consists of two or more people who interact with each other to accomplish some goal. A reference group involves one or more people used as a basis for comparison or point of reference in forming affective and cognitive responses and performing behaviors. CONTINUE……
- 9. CULTURAL INFLUENCES Culture Set of values, norms, attitudes, and other meaningful symbols that shape human behavior and the artifacts, or products, of that behavior as they are transmitted from one generation to the next.
- 10. Culture Values, beliefs, preferences, and tastes handed down from one generation to the next. Culture is a broad environmental determinant of behavior. Culture: The values, ideas, attitudes, and symbols that people adopt to communicate, interpret, and interact as members of society. CONTINUE….
- 12. CULTURE IS. . . Learned Functional Pervasive Dynamic Culture is learned and transmitted from one generation to the next.
- 13. Groups within a culture that have their own modes of behavior. • In U.S. subcultures can differ by ethnicity, nationality, age, rural versus urban location, religion, and geographic distribution. • Population mix in U.S. is changing as the Hispanic, African American, and Asian populations grow. SUB-CULTURES
- 14. Ethnic Patterns: The norms and values of specific groups or subcultures within a society. Demographic characteristics used to identify subcultures: Nationality - Hispanics, Italians Race - African-American, American Indian, Asian Region - New England, the South Age - Elderly, teenager Religion - Catholic, Jewish, fundamentalist ETHNIC PATTERN
- 15. Everyone belongs to multiple social groups: family, neighborhood, clubs, and sports teams. Group membership influences buying SOCIAL INFLUENCES
- 16. Groups establish norms of behavior—values, attitudes, and behaviors that a group deems appropriate for its members. Differences in status and roles within groups also influence behavior. Some Americans make CONTINUE…..
- 17. Six classes: upper-upper, lower-upper, upper-middle, lower-middle, working class, lower class. Income not always a primary factor. Individuals’ buying habits sometimes reflect the class to which they aspire Social Classes: Relatively homogeneous divisions within a society that contain people with SOCIAL CLASSES
- 18. A family has at least two people, the householder and someone who is related to the householder by blood, marriage, or adoption. Like other influences, families have norms of expected FAMILY INFLUENCES
- 19. Family decision making refers to how family members interact and influence one another when making purchase choices for the household. CONTINUE…..
- 20. Thank you