METHODS-OF-PHILOSOPHIZING-ppt-presentation
- 2. OBJECTIVES 2.1. Distinguish opinion from truth PPT11/12-Ic-2.1 2.2. Analyze situations that show the difference between opinion and truth PPT11/12-Id-2.2 2.3. Realize that the methods of philosophy lead to wisdom and truth PPT11/12-Id-2.3 2.4. Evaluate opinions PPT11/12-Ie-2.4
- 3. ACTIVITY 1. The sun is the center of the solar system. 2. Asia is the largest continent in the world. 3. God made the world in seven days 4. Man has the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. 5. China’s continued presence in the Spratlys is a violation of international law. 6. A person must always consider the interest of his or her family before his or her own happiness. 7. Citizens have the right to take up arms and overthrow an oppressive government. 8. The President has done very little to uphold democracy and look after the interests of the Filipino people. Which of the following statements are TRUE?
- 4. Today, we encounter a lot of information from various sources such as media and the internet.
- 5. Truth lies at the heart of any inquiry. Knowledge must be fruitful to gain validity and acceptance.
- 6. Philosophers consider truth as a kind of quality or value. PROPOSITIONS are statements about the world or reality and may or may not carry truth.
- 7. What is truth and why is it important?
- 8. KNOWLEDG E-Is the clear awareness and understanding of something … the product of questioning that seeks for clear answers provided by facts.. … our knowledge is comprised of ideas and beliefs that we know to be true…
- 9. BIRDS Let’s talk about your knowledge of: I know that …. I know how …. I know why ….
- 10. LOVE Let’s talk about your knowledge of: I know that …. I know how …. I know why ….
- 11. HUMAN PERSON Let’s talk about your knowledge of: I know that …. I know how …. I know why ….
- 12. There are statements that are not evidently or immediately known to be true. These are called CLAIMS. Further examination is required to establish its truthfulness.
- 13. TRUTHFUL STATEMENTS Statements that are based on facts. Science considers truth as something observable and empirical. While, Philosophy has various views.
- 14. DOUBT Has a very important purpose. Doubt helps determine the truth Claims, evidence and experience is scrutinized and analyzed Nothing is taken as TRUE unless there is sufficient reason and evidence to prove it.
- 15. How do we know if something is true? Can be justified or proven Based on facts Getting a consensus of many people
- 16. Determining truth inthis case requires apersontoprove a statementthroughanaction. This canbetrueif they canbe applied inreallife.
- 17. Claims and beliefs should also be subjected to tests to determine truth and to prove their validity.
- 18. Discovering truths aboutoneself is merely theFIRST steptoward exploring knowledgeand truth.
- 19. How can philosophy guide us in distinguishing truth from opinion?
- 20. FACT or OPINION??? 1. It takes me 30 minutes to walk from my home to school. 2. Living near the school is better because we don’t have to spend much for transportation. 3. My sister ate the last piece of pizza pie. 4. My sister is a selfish person because she ate the last piece of pizza pie and did not share it with me. 5. The policeman firmly pushed the suspect to is knees and placed him in handcuffs. 6. The aggressive manner by which the policeman arrested the suspect is an example of the brutality that characterizes our police force.
- 21. OPINION - Statements that provide conclusions or perspectives regarding certain situations CONCLUSION - A judgement based on certain facts but can still be contested or questioned. BELIEFS - Statements that express convictions that are not easily and clearly explained by facts.
- 22. ARGUMENT - Series of statements that provide reasons to convince the reader/listener that a claim or opinion is truthful. LOGIC A branch of Philosophy that focuses on the analysis of arguments EXPLANATION - Statements that assume the claim to be true and provide reasons why.
- 23. What should we consider when looking at arguments or opinions?
- 25. • Improve understanding and appreciation of varied views and ideas. • Help to form one’s own personal point of view • Help determine ideas that are truthful and acceptable HOW CAN UNDERSTANDING of the DIFFERENCE between TRUTH and OPINION LEAD US TO WISDOM?
Editor's Notes
- #3: Were you able to easily judge the truthfulness of the statements? Why? Which of the statements are obviously true? Which one required more thought to determine their truthfulness? Which of these statements may be true for others but not true in your judgement? Which of these statements do you personally believe to be true but maybe disputed by other people?
- #4: Most of the information is helpful, some mislead or may be utterly false. Example: Misled by claims of “miracle drugs” which were eventually proven no significant effects, fake news in Internet or sensational headlines which often twist and distort the truth
- #7: Before we discuss truth, it is important to clarify knowledge, since “it is through knowing that we are able to determine the truth”.
- #14: Ancient greek philosphers approached the problem of truth by looking at the nature of knowledge and how we know what we know. Assume that everything we know is true, but philosophers doubted everything. It is said that there are some instance that we need to unlearn something so that we may learn anew.
- #15: Proven – through the use of senses and FACTS - facts to guide us in our search for truth Consensus – has limitations, not all agreed upon are true
- #21: Opinions are also bases for making arguments and convincing people that a certain claim is fact. In judging the truthfulness of belief, we must consider a person’s experiences and views.
- #22: Arguments are made with assumptions that the truth of the claim or opinion is still to be determined. It conveys ideas that can influence the thinking, actions and behavior of people. Some can have ill intentions and wish to manipulate to suit their own purpose.