Mod 3 types of ltm slides
- 1. Memory Specification: • Types of long-term memory: episodic, semantic, procedural.
- 2. Memory • Main problem with the multi-store model of memory is that it is a basic model of human memory. • It is too simple. • It cannot fully explain what we do with our memory.
- 3. Memory • Case studies of patients with amnesia have provided evidence that LTM is not one single store. • Retrograde amnesia: affects retrieval of information from LTM. • Anterograde amnesia: affects the ability to transfer information from STM to LTM.
- 4. • H.M. had anterograde amnesia. • He was unable to encode and transfer information from STM to LTM memory. • His short-term memory was unaffected.
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- 7. • Clive wearing had anterograde amnesia and partial retrograde amnesia. • He could not encode and transfer information from STM to LTM. • He could not retrieve some autobiographical memories from LTM. • He could retrieve complex music from LTM and play the piano from memory.
- 8. Memory • This is evidence that LTM is made up of more than one memory store. • It is evidence that there must be a memory store for autobiographical memories and a memory store for how to do things.
- 9. Memory • Research has found that there are at least three LTM memory stores.
- 12. Memory: episodic memory • Episodic memory. • Autobiographical LTM store. • Endel Tulving (1972)
- 14. Memory: semantic memory • A LTM store for knowledge. • A mental encyclopedia. • Facts. • Words. • Concepts. • Meanings.
- 15. Memory: procedural memory • A LTM for learned tasks that do not require much conscious memory. • Walking. • Dressing. • Riding a bike. • Speech.
- 16. Types of LTM: evaluation • Clinical evidence: case studies of patients with amnesia. • H.M. • Clive Wearing.
- 17. Types of LTM: evaluation • Neuroimaging evidence. • Studies using brain scans. • PET scans: positron emission tomography. • Brain scans have found that different parts of the brain store different types of LTM.
- 18. Types of LTM: evaluation • Tulving (1989) found that episodic and semantic memories were recalled from the pre-frontal cortex. • Right pre-frontal cortex: episodic memories. • Left pre-frontal cortex: semantic memories.
- 22. Types of LTM: evaluation • Real-life applications. • The identification of different types of LTM and where they are stored in the brain has led to the development of treatment of memory loss.
- 23. Types of LTM: evaluation • Complete the table ‘Types of LTM…….’
- 24. Types of LTM: evaluation • Complete the types of LTM question sheet.