Monitoring MV& LV Distribution assets using LoRaWAN
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The document discusses the importance of monitoring medium and low voltage (MV/LV) electrical distribution networks for power reliability, quality control, and asset management. It outlines the devices and data necessary for effective monitoring and compares various communication technologies, highlighting LoRaWAN for its long-range capabilities and low operational costs. The document details the architecture and functionalities of a LoRaWAN network, emphasizing its adaptability for different environments.
Monitoring MV& LV Distribution assets using LoRaWAN
- 1. Monitoring MV & LV Assets using LoRaWAN
- 2. Agenda • Electrical Distribution (MV/LV) Network • Why do we need to monitor MV & LV network? • Devices & Data to be connected • Communication Characteristics Requirements • Technology Comparison • Introduction to LoRAWAN • Network Architecture Copyright © Kalkitech / ASE. All rights reserved. 2
- 3. Electrical Distribution (MV/LV) Network Copyright © Kalkitech / ASE. All rights reserved. 3 LV Network MV Network MV Network HV Network
- 4. Why do we need to monitor MV & LV network? • Monitor power reliability - SAIFI, SAIDI, MAIFI • Power Quality Monitoring – TPQI,THD, PQD • Detection of ‘Abnormal power usage’ • Asset management & equipment maintenance • Network planning – Balancing/loading • Distributed energy resource integration • Power Reliability & Quality control - (FLISR / Volt-Var) • Metering & Loss Accounting • Network operations & maintenance Copyright © Kalkitech / ASE. All rights reserved. 4
- 5. Typical devices & data Copyright © Kalkitech / ASE. All rights reserved. 5 Devices Data Medium Voltage FPI / LFI Line fault & Earth Fault current Sectionalizer, Auto-reclosure Switch positions Sensors Winding/ Oil Temperature , Oil Pressure Ambient Temperature, Bus bar temperature , Palm temperature Feeder Protection Relay Protection operation, Earth Fault, pwoer Flow direction Low Voltage Meters Supply Voltage & Current of each phase, Maximum demand per phase Max, Min, Average Load & voltage per phase (10/30 minute) LV feeder phase loads (where required) Harmonics Current, Voltage, THD, Imbalance -Current & Voltage Switch Switch position Calculated Real Time Thermal Ratings for LV cables, load factor
- 6. Communication Characteristics Required Copyright © Kalkitech / ASE. All rights reserved. 6 Adaptable for less dense rural areas with higher distance between nodes. Should use minimal co-Ordinator/ Edge router or Base stations Long Range Single base station shall manage Several thousands of sensors Higher Nodes Lets operational cost for large number of nodes. Preferred to use unlicensed channels and multiple service provider should have flexibility to use same link. Open software Low Cost Adaptable for be adaptable for dense locations also should have deep indoor penetration for reading data from enterprise buildings/ substations High Penetration Should have capability to identify the geo-location automatically with out using additional cost Geo-location
- 7. Technology Comparison Plot Copyright © Kalkitech / ASE. All rights reserved. 7 Network Range Bandwidth NFC Bluetooth LE Wifi 802.11.a/b/c Wifi 802.11ah/ad/n WBAN 802.15.6 WPAN 802.15.3 Zigbee/ 802.15.4 2G 3G 4G/ NBIoT VSAT LoRaWAN
- 8. Technology Comparison 8 https://lora-alliance.org/sites/default/files/2018-04/what-is-lorawan.pdf Cost $ $ $$$ $$$ $$
- 9. What is LoRaWANTM • LoRaR – Wireless Physical layer • Modulation – Chirp spread spectrum • Long range- high link budget • Star architecture • Asynchronous communication • High network capacity • Device classes depending upon application • Geo-location • Multi-cast Messaging Copyright © Kalkitech / ASE. All rights reserved. 9
- 10. Device Classes Copyright © Kalkitech / ASE. All rights reserved. 10https://lora-alliance.org/sites/default/files/2018-04/what-is-lorawan.pdf Devices are continuously listening Message are sent downlink message any time Suitable for application that require low latencies
- 11. LoRaWANTM Stack 11 EU 868 https://lora-alliance.org/sites/default/files/2018-04/what-is-lorawan.pdf EU 433 US 915 AS 430 Regional ISM Bands IN 865 LoRA Modulation Class B (Continuous)Class A Class C (Continuous) MAC Options LoRAR WAN ----- DLMS DNP3.0 Modbus Zigbee app stack Proprietary stack SCHC Compression & fragmentation https://lora-alliance.org/sites/default/files/2019-11/dlms-lorawan-whitepaper_v1.pdf IP v6
- 12. Network Architecture Copyright © Kalkitech / ASE. All rights reserved. 12 LoRa WAN Network Server API / TCP/IP Historians SCADA DMS DERMS ADMS Range in KMs MQTT DNP3/IEC ICCP/ IEEE2030.5 Frontend Gateway / Data hubSCHC Gateway
- 13. Copyright © Kalkitech / ASE. All rights reserved. 13
- 14. Copyright © Kalkitech / ASE. All rights reserved. 14