Nature and Meaning of Guidance
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This document discusses the nature and meaning of guidance. It defines guidance as helping individuals make choices and adjustments by aiding their independence and responsibility. Counseling is defined as a process that assists individuals interpret facts to make choices and adjustments. The key differences between guidance and counseling are outlined. Guidance is broader, more preventative, and operates on an intellectual level to help understand alternatives. Counseling is more in-depth, remedial, and operates on an emotional level to propose solutions for personal issues. Thirteen principles of guidance are listed according to Crow and Crow, including holistic development, uniqueness, adjustment, needs, and evaluation of the individual. The scope of guidance and counseling includes addressing personal, educational
Nature and Meaning of Guidance
- 1. CHAPTER I. Nature and Meaning of Guidance
- 2. Objectives ◦ Differentiate guidance & counseling; ◦ Define “guidance”; ◦ Examine diff. types of guidance; ◦ Relate the basic principles of guidance to real-life situations
- 4. Guidance is always provided in group form, as there are many less similar issues on which they need individual guidance. FALSE
- 5. There is a single theory of guidance and counseling that can be applied to all scenarios. FALSE
- 6. Guidance and counseling deal only with severe psychological problems and, hence, are not required for schoolchildren. FALSE
- 7. Every teacher can be a counselor without undergoing any counseling training, as it does not require specific skills. FALSE
- 8. Guidance is a service or process that should be employed to address an emergency situation. FALSE
- 9. A counselor can provide a readymade solution to all problems. FALSE
- 10. Counseling is a complex process that can only be facilitated by professional experts. TRUE
- 11. When dealing with clients, there is not much relationship between the theory and practical aspects of guidance and counseling. FALSE
- 12. A teacher cannot be a counselor. FALSE
- 13. Guidance & counseling for personal, emotional, and social problems is the responsibility of the parents, not the counselor. FALSE
- 16. ◦ Guidance is the help given by one person to another in making choices and adjustments & in solving problems, further it aims at aiding the recipient to grow in his independence & ability to be responsible for himself. Arthur Jones, 1930
- 17. Two Contexts of Guidance: ~Carol H. Miller 1. Guidance is seen as a process. 2. Guidance is part of the organizational program.
- 18. Stated what “Guidance is Not” -Lester Crow & Alice Crow ◦ Not giving direction ◦ Not imposing one’s point of view upon another person. ◦ Not making decision for the person seeking assistance. ◦ Not carrying the burden of another life.
- 20. Counseling ◦ is essentially a process in which the counselor assists the counselee to make interpretations of facts relating to a choice, plan or adjustment which he needs to make. - Glenn F. Smith
- 21. Counseling ◦ is a series of direct contacts with the individual which aims to offer him assistance in changing his attitude & behaviors. - Carl Rogers
- 22. Difference between guidance & counseling GUIDANCE ◦ Guidance is broader & comprehensive ◦ Guidance is more external, helps a person understand alternative solutions available to him & makes him understand his personality & choose the right solution. COUNSELING ◦ Counseling is in-depth & narrow ◦ Counseling helps people understand themselves & is an inward analysis. Alternative solutions are proposed to help understand the problem at hand.
- 23. Difference between guidance & counseling GUIDANCE ◦ Guidance is mainly preventive & developmental. ◦ Intellectual attitudes are the raw material of guidance COUNSELING ◦ Counseling is remedial as well as preventive & developmental ◦ Emotional rather than pure intellectual attitude are raw material of the counseling process.
- 24. Difference between guidance & counseling GUIDANCE ◦ Decision making operates at an intellectual level. ◦ Guidance is generally education & career related & may also be for personal problems COUNSELING ◦ Counseling operates at an emotional level. ◦ Counseling is mostly offered for personal & social issues.
- 25. In summary… ◦ Guidance & counseling are not synonymous term. ◦ Counseling is a part of guidance. ◦ Guidance, in educational context, means to indicate, point out, show the way, lead out & direct. ◦ Counseling is a specialized service of guidance. It is the process of helping individuals learn more about themselves & their present & possible future situations to make a substantial contribution to the society.
- 26. PRINCIPLES OF GUIDANCE Source: Crow and Crow
- 27. 1 Principle of all-round development of the individual.
- 28. 2 The principle of human uniqueness.
- 29. 3 Principle of holistic development
- 30. 4 The principle of cooperation.
- 31. 5 The principle of continuity.
- 32. 6 The principle of extension.
- 33. 7 The principle of elaboration.
- 34. 8 The principle of adjustment.
- 35. 9 Principle of individual needs.
- 36. 10 The principle of expert opinion.
- 37. 11 The principle of evaluation.
- 38. 12 The principle of responsibility.
- 39. 13 The principle of periodic appraisal.
- 40. Scope of Guidance & Counseling personal needs/problems educational needs/problems physical, emotional, social, moral & marital problems vocational, occupational& professional needs career advancement holistic individual development
Editor's Notes
- #27: A principle is a proposition or value that is a guide for behavior or evaluation. a fundamental truth or proposition that serves as the foundation for a system of belief or behavior or for a chain of reasoning.
- #28: Guidance must take into account the all-round development of the individual when bringing about desirable adjustment in any particular area of his personality.
- #29: Guidance must take into account the all-round development of the individual when bringing about desirable adjustment in any particular area of his personality.
- #30: Guidance must take into account the all-round development of the individual when bringing about desirable adjustment in any particular area of his personality.
- #31: No individual can be forced into guidance. The consent and cooperation of the individual is a pre-requisite for providing guidance.
- #32: Guidance should be regarded as a continuous process of service to an individual in different stages of his life.
- #33: Guidance service should not be limited to a few persons, who give observable evidence of its need, but it should be extended to all persons of all ages, who can benefit from it directly or indirectly.
- #34: Curriculum materials and teaching procedures should be elaborated according to the view point of guidance.
- #35: While it is true that guidance touches every aspect of an individual’s life, it is chiefly concerned with an individual’s physical or mental health, with his adjustment at home, school, society and vocation.
- #36: The individual and his needs are of utmost significance. Recognition of individual freedom, worth, respect and dignity is the hallmark of guidance. Freedom to make a choice and take a decision needs to be respected and encouraged.
- #37: Specific and serious guidance problems should be referred to persons who are trained to deal with particular area of adjustment for their expert opinion.
- #38: The guidance programme should be evaluated in terms of its effectiveness and improvement. Evaluation is essential for the formulation of new goals or re-drafting the existing goals.
- #39: Parents and teachers have great responsibility in the execution of the work of guidance. The responsibility for guidance should be centred on a qualified and trained person, who is the head the guidance centre.
- #40: Periodic appraisal should be made of the existing guidance programme so that requisite changes, if any can be carried out for its improvement.