Nature and-functions-of-research.
- 2. MEANING OF RESEARCH An activity which which is meant to acquire better knowledge by “relearning what we already know through systematic observation and experimentation (F. Landa Jocano)
- 3. MEANING OF RESEARCH Acquiring new knowledge or perspective by synthesizing into new forms the otherwise disparate elements in the materials being examined (F. Landa Jocano)
- 4. MEANING OF RESEARCH A systematic, controlled, empirical and critical investigation of natural phenomena guided by theory and hypotheses about the presumed relations among such phenomena (Kerlinger, 1986)
- 5. MEANING OF RESEARCH A systematic and objective analysis and recording of controlled observations that may lead to the development of generalizations, principles or theories resulting in prediction and possibly ultimate control of events (Best and Khan, 1989)
- 6. MEANING OF RESEARCH ~RESEARCH is a systematic, objective and comprehensive investigation which involves accurate gathering and recording and critical analysis and interpretation of all facts about the phenomenon for theoretical or practical ends.
- 7. CHARACTERICTICS OF RESEARCH 1. Research is directed towards the solution of a problem. 2. Research emphasizes the development of generalizations, principles or theories that will be helpful in predicting future occurrence.
- 8. CHARACTERICTICS OF RESEARCH 3. Research is based upon observable experience or empirical evidence. 4. Research demands accurate observation and description. 5. Research involves gathering new data from primary or first hand sources using existing data for a new purpose.
- 9. CHARACTERICTICS OF RESEARCH 6. Although research activity may at times be somewhat random and unsystematic, it is more often characterized by carefully designed procedures that apply rigorous analysis. 7.Research requires expertise.
- 10. CHARACTERICTICS OF RESEARCH 8. Research tries to be objective and logical, applying every possible test to validate the procedures employed, the data collected, and the conclusions reached. 9. Research involves the quest for answers to unsolved problems.
- 11. CHARACTERICTICS OF RESEARCH 10. Research is characterized by patience and unhurried activity. 11. Research is carefully recorded and reported. 12. Research sometimes requires courage
- 12. “Research springs from wonder, the well-spring of all science and ultimate wisdom” ~Aristotle
- 13. MAJOR TYPES OF RESEARCH BASIC RESEARCH ~is the type of research which is conducted for the sake of knowing ~a.k.a. theoretical research because it is designed to add to one’s understanding and store of knowledge, but without any particular practical goals ( Graziano and Raulin, 2000)
- 14. MAJOR TYPES OF RESEARCH APPLIED RESEARCH ~the purpose is to obtain knowledge for practical application or useful ends
- 15. MAJOR TYPES OF RESEARCH ~a.k.a. practical research, the intention of applied research is not just to acquire knowledge but to use the knowledge to solve problems or improve the prevailing condition which in its present state is unsatisfactory, or maybe satisfactory but which has still room or possibility for development
- 16. MAJOR TYPES OF RESEARCH The basic and the applied researches are not mutually exclusive in the sense that any study that is theoretical cannot have practical applications and vice versa (Bailey, 1987) The ultimate goal is a study that is helpful in solving social problems and at the same time makes valuable contribution to the theoretical social-science literature
- 17. THE RESEARCH PROCESS 1. Problem Identification 2. Review of Related Literature 3. Objectives Formulation 4. Formulation of Hypothesis and Assumptions 5. Theoretical/Conceptual Framework Construction
- 18. THE RESEARCH PROCESS 6. Research Design Selection 7. Data Collection 8. Data Processing 9. Data Analysis and Interpretation 10. Report Writing “Research is a system of interrelated activities.”
- 19. FUNCTIONS OF RESEARCH 1. Research corrects perceptions as well as expands them. 2. Research gathers information on subjects or phenomena we lack or have little knowledge about.
- 20. FUNCTIONS OF RESEARCH 3. Research develops and evaluates methods that test concepts practices and theories. 4. Research also develops and evaluates methods that test concepts, practices, and theories
- 21. FUNCTIONS OF RESEARCH 5. Research obtains knowledge for practical purposes like solving problems on population explosion, drug addiction, juvenile dlinquency and the like. 6. Research provides hard facts which serve as bases for planning, decision-making, project implementation. Monitoring, and evauation.
- 22. FUNCTIONS OF RESEARCH Research is a human device invented and developed not only to push far the limit of human knowledge but to improve the quality of individual and group life.
- 23. THE RESEARCHER FACTOR 1. Objectivity 2. Critical Mind 3. Openness 4. Resourcefulness 5. Patience 6. Logical Thinking 7. Being Ethical