Becoming Digital: Dutch historic perspective (museums)
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This document summarizes the history of digitization efforts in Dutch museums. It describes how the Dutch government has played a key role in financing various programs to stimulate digitization since the 1960s. These programs include coordinating organizations, large-scale national programs, and one-time grant projects. As a result of these financing efforts, Dutch museums have made significant progress in adopting digital technologies, with most now using computers, having websites, and having parts of their collections digitized. However, only a small portion of collection content is currently available online, indicating there is still work to be done in helping museums fully embrace and publish their collections digitally.
Becoming Digital: Dutch historic perspective (museums)
- 1. STPA Social Theory, Policy and the Arts Conference Seattle 25-26 October 2013 Becoming digital: Dutch historic perspective Trilce Navarrete
- 2. Today Dutch policy on museum digitization Background Museums in the Netherlands Government financing Historic overview Types of programs Results Current state of Dutch museums And then … ? Becoming digital: Dutch historic perspective 2
- 3. How did we get there? Becoming digital: Dutch historic perspective 3
- 4. Dutch museums 810 museums: most are independent managers of the national heritage The government remains an important source of financing Source of financing for digital activities 2012 (N=864) Becoming digital: Dutch historic perspective 4
- 5. Government financing 1. 2. 3. Financing instruments to stimulate digitization: Coordinating organizations National programs (wide coverage, multi purpose) Grant projects (one-time opportunities, R&D, reduce digital divide) Becoming digital: Dutch historic perspective 5
- 6. Government financing Historic overview: 1969 1980 1990 20000 2010 Becoming digital: Dutch historic perspective 6
- 7. Government financing 1. Financing instruments to stimulate digitization: Coordinating organizations: Give continuity to developing field • MARDOC €1.3 million in 20 years DEN Foundation currently €1 million per year National programs: (wide coverage, multi purpose) • 1. • Delta Plan €95 million + €150 million • Digital Delta €1.8 million • Great long-term impact eCulture €24 million Becoming digital: Dutch historic perspective 7
- 8. Government financing 1. Change practice by setting requirements Financing instruments: Grant projects (one-time opportunities, R&D, reduce digital divide) • Fishing documentation €7k • SMA €2.8 million (85 projects) • PC-museum project €0.1 million • Metamorfoze €8 + €10 + €48 million (< 6 million images) • CATCH €6 + €3 million (10 projects) • Digitization with a policy €12.2 million (57 projects) • Images for the Future €154 million (3 institutions) Becoming digital: Dutch historic perspective 8
- 9. Results 1. Adoption of the digital: Museums using computers (PCs) 1. 1987 = 6% 2009 = 97% Museums connected to the Internet (have a website) 1. 1995 = 7% 2007 = 99% Collections registered digitally 1. 1983 = 7% 2009 = 81% 2012 = 70% digital image Collections published online • • • 2008 = 8% 2012 = 25% Information plans • • 2007= 6% 2012 = 55% Becoming digital: Dutch historic perspective 9
- 10. Results Adoption of the digital: Becoming digital: Dutch historic perspective 10
- 11. And then …? Even though the advancements are impressive, only a hand full of museums are becoming digital If 70% of collections are digitized, and only 25% are available online, the public is missing out ! (though it is better than the 6% exhibited) There is no data on why museums struggle to publish online (Know-how? Copyright? Gatekeeper withdrawal? Resources?) Future policy should support lower barriers to embrace the digital Becoming digital: Dutch historic perspective 11
- 12. Thank you ! Navarrete, Trilce (2014) A history of Digitization: Dutch Museums Questions ? T.Navarrete@uva.nl Becoming digital: Dutch historic perspective 12