NBS8053 Introduction 2012
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This document provides an introduction to information systems and discusses key concepts. It begins with defining an information system as a set of resources designed to foster organizational learning. It then outlines the objectives of understanding information system fundamentals, analyzing structured and unstructured data, and exploring the difference between data and action. The document evaluates information systems based on a case study focusing on value proposition, IT/business alignment, and use of IT concepts and methodologies.
NBS8053 Introduction 2012
- 1. Introduction Managing Information Systems Lee SCHLENKER – EMLYON Newcastle Business School April 17th, 2012
- 2. What is an information system? Employees Stockholders A set of resources designed to foster organizational learning Clients Business Partners Objectives Problem IS Information Internet ©2010 EMLYON
- 3. Dr. Lee Harris SCHLENKER puts enterprise IT to work in supporting your customers’ success stories • Focuses today on use scenarios of how innovative forms of IT can help management engage business differently • Has directed missions for firms including Apple, Ernst & Young, IBM, Microsoft, Oracle and SAP in the manufacturing, telecommunications, public works and service industries • Author of three books, several dozen articles, has facilitated fifty corporate workshops and conferences throughout Europe • Chair of Emerging Economies and Technologies at EMLYON • Managing Director of LHST sarl http://leeschlenker.com www.lhstech.com • Visiting Professor at the University of Newcastle www.emlyon.com LHST : The Value Architects™
- 4. What role does IT play in innovation? Objectives Problem IS Information Internet ©2010 EMLYON
- 5. ©2010 LHST sarl The objectives EMM MIS ©2012 EMLYON
- 6. Understand the basics • Study the fundamentals of an Information System • Analyze the constraints and possibilites of « structured » information • Explore how the potential links between an IS and organizational learning • Analyze the potential value of 2.0 technologies Objectives Problem IS Information Internet ©2010 EMLYON
- 7. Why is studying IS important? • Understanding the implications between « structured » and « unstructured data » • Analyzing the difference between the data and reality • Understanding how the data fits together • Exploring the difference between data and action Objectives Problem IS Information Internet ©2010 EMLYON
- 8. Evaluation • Based on a case study • Focus points indentifying : – the value proposition, – IT/Business alignment, – use of IT concepts/methodologies
- 9. ©2010 LHST sarl The Problem EMM MIS ©2012 EMLYON
- 10. IT Doesn’t Matter • Nicolas Carr compares IT to previous tech revolutions such as railroads and electricity. In what ways is IT different? • What proof can you offer that information technology in business no longer provides competitive advantage? • Does the pervasiveness of IT mean there will be less innovation now? • Hasn't competitive advantage come from unique use of the technology, not just from the technology itself? What examples can you give? • Do recent advances in Cloud Computing and Mobile Applications confirm or contradict Nicolas Carr's claims? Objectives Problem IS Information Internet
- 11. Technology and Innovation • Conflict and opportunity – is there a business problem to solve? • Suitability – is it adjacently possible? • The Roadmap– how does technology provide a vision of Where Good Ideas Come From, by Steven Johnson « better » • The Happy End – how do we best measure the results
- 12. Commoditisation • Over the last 70 years we have repeatly seen proof of innovation in IT : the spreadsheet, the ERP system, Social Network Applications • In the early days, companies created their own legacy systems to put these ideas into practice • As the technologies matured, companies editors standardized these applications in the form of Simon Wardley, "Cloud Computing - Why IT Matters" products. • Inevitably these products become simple commodities
- 13. ©2010 LHST sarl Information EMM MIS ©2012 EMLYON
- 14. Data, Knowledge and Action The ladder of initiatives™ Results Drive Measures Actions Require Decisions Knowledge Define Interprets Context Obtain Process Data Objectives Problem IS Information Internet ©2010 ©2012 EMLYON
- 15. The defintion of information • From an objective point of view, information refers to date in context that conveys meaning to an individual. • From a subjective point of view, we could suggest that it’s the individual’s perspective of the data that implies meaning. • Given these definitions what meaning do Wikileaks, Twitter, or Facebook have? Objectives Problem IS Information Internet ©2012 EMLYON
- 16. Structured data • Structured data refers to data that cabn be easily represented in textual/numeric form and stored in a database. • Structured data is often logically organized around a data model or data object. • Such models permit companies to compare and aggregate data in databases, datamarts and data warehouses. Objectives Problem IS Information Internet ©2012 EMLYON
- 17. Non-structured data • Data is considered « non-structured » if we can’t predefine its attributes and store it in a table or data base • Examples of this kind of data include press clippings, videoclips, and songs • In reality, this data isn’t « non-structured » - its just that its attributes involve « complex » relationships http://jean.marie.gouarne.online.fr/bi.html Objectives Problem IS Information Internet ©2012 EMLYON
- 18. What meaning do we attach to the data? Frame Cloud Figure (s) Oracle Antonello da Messina Objectives Problem IS Information Internet ©2010 ©2012 EMLYON
- 19. ©2010 LHST sarl Information Systems EMM MIS ©2012 EMLYON
- 20. Defining an Information System A business information system is an organized set of resources (platforms, applications, procedures, data and people) that capture the meaning of work Objectives Problem IS Information Internet ©2012 EMLYON
- 21. The objectives of an IS Actionnaires Actifs Demandes en temps réel ... Employées Société Compétition Mobilité “made in” “made by” Valorisation des tâches ... ... L’organisation Clients Partenaires Fidélité ? Peu de barrières d’entrée Vrai coûts Acquisitions, OPA ... ... To help us understand the motivations, experience and objectives of the internal and external clients of the organization Objectives Problem IS Information Internet ©2012 EMLYON
- 22. The traditional description of an IS Objectives Problem IS Information Internet ©2012 EMLYON
- 23. Are information systems mirrors of the organizational chart ? Objectives Problem IS Information Internet ©2012 EMLYON
- 24. Are information systems mirrors of key processes? Objectives Problem IS Information Internet ©2010 EMLYON
- 25. Are information systems mirrors of organizational skills and competencies? Technicity Method Reflection Action Imagination Cooperation John Holland Objectives Problem IS Information Internet ©2010 EMLYON
- 26. Information Systems are a question of perspective • The financial perspective (entreprise resource planning) • The logistics perspective (supply chain management) • The client perspective(client relationship management) • The community perspective(social media) Objectives Problem IS Information Internet ©2012 EMLYON
- 27. Different sides of the coin ERP SCM CRM History MRP Total Quality Client contact Management systems Measure Quantitative Quantitative Qualitative Static Dynamic Perimeters Inside a firm Between firms Between firms and clients ROI 5 to 7 years 1 to 3 years 6 months to 1 year Objectives Problem IS Information Internet ©2010 EMLYON
- 28. ©2010 LHST sarl The Internet EMM MIS ©2012 EMLYON
- 29. The Internet 500 million users more than 3 billion pages WWW URL HTML, HTTP Internet: "The Big Picture" Objectives Problem IS Information Internet ©2012 EMLYON
- 30. Programming the Web I. Static web pages (HTML) II. Web enabled applications (Dynamic Web Pages, ASP, JSP, PHP, ...) III. Web services Towards the semantic Web Objectives Problem IS Information Internet ©2012 EMLYON
- 31. The Web as a set of information flows • The Internet is only one component of the Web • Web sites and portals are only isolated endpoints of information flows • We capture the information flows on Twitter, Deezer, Facebook and Netvibes Objectives Problem IS Information Internet ©2012 EMLYON
- 32. Digital footprints and clickstreams • Before the Web we assumed that our digital footprint was as ephemeral as a phone • Clickstreams can provide a level of intelligence about how people use the Web • Innovative companies have figured out how to deliver great Web-based services by divining clickstream patterns • We have yet to aggregate the critical mass of clickstreams in a database of intentions Objectives Problem IS Information Internet Prof. Lee SCHLENKER ©2012 EMLYON
- 33. How does IT improve Productivity? Focus Improve Knowledge Leverage Measure Organization Processes Explicit Transactions Efficiency Services Delivery Implicit Interactions Effectiveness Networks Relationships Emerging Interactions Innovation Search Relevancy Connected Proximity CTR Objectives Problem IS Information Internet
- 34. ©2010 LHST sarl Workshop EMM MIS ©2012 EMLYON
- 35. How would you build a workspace? • Cecile Balmond – Informal • (Work) spaces aren’t bound by technology but by vision • Rules aren’t boundaries, just considerations • Vision, actors, events, outcomes, gateways ©2012 EMLYON
- 36. A Mashup Main features Dashboards What is a Dashboard? Private & Public Registration Dashboards Simple Registration App View Facebook Connect Reader View Profile Settings Sign In Themes Edit your account info Keyboard Shortcuts Change profile image Sharing Email settings Mobile Versions Specifics Change password Sign-in Manage Dashboards iPhone, Android Netvibes is a mash-up that allows you to Backup Feeds version construct a personalised page filled with Third Party Services Wap version near real time content on the subject of your choice Objectives Problem IS Information Internet ©2012 EMLYON
- 37. Add in information flows • Five groups : Vision, actors, events, outcomes, gateways • Five pages : Group page, conflict, skills and aptitudes, roadmap, metrics • Each page : HTML page, Twitter, Documents, News, Videos, Link to Public page • Communicate the URL of the public page to research@lhstech.com Objectives Problem IS Information Internet ©2012 EMLYON
- 38. Become a value architect™ Mobile and tablet version Objectives Problem IS Information Internet ©2012 EMLYON
- 39. Resources EMM MIS ©2012 EMLYON
- 40. Collaborative Platform • Administrative details • Recommended readings • Course support • Current events • Discussion forum/help desk http://www.valuearchitect.org/ Objectives Problem IS Information Internet ©2012 EMLYON