NIPAH VIRUS
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The document provides an overview of Nipah virus (NiV), which was first identified in 1999 during outbreaks linked to pigs in Malaysia and Indonesia. It outlines the virus's characteristics, transmission methods, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment options, and prevention strategies, emphasizing the absence of a specific vaccine and the importance of supportive care. The conclusion highlights advances in understanding the virus's pathogenesis and the need for effective therapeutic solutions.
NIPAH VIRUS
- 1. NIPAH VIRUS By Indrajit Giri B. Pharm. 7th Sem. University Roll No. - 20101915021 Registration No. - 152010210021 Under the guidance of Mrs. Priyanka Chakraborty, Asstt. Prof. BCDA COLLEGE OF PHARMACY AND TECHNOLOGY Affiliated to Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology (Formerly known as West Bengal University of Technology), Kolkata 78, Jessore Road (south), Hridaypur, Barasat, Kolkata – 700127
- 2. NIPAH VIRUS
- 3. HISTORY Niv was isolated and identified in 1999 during an outbreak of encephalitis and respiratory illness among people close contact with pigs in Indonesia, Singapore and Malaysia. Its name originated from Sungai Nipah, a village in the Malaysian Peninsula.
- 4. WHAT IS NIPAH VIRUS? Nipah virus (Niv) is a zoonotic virus and can also be transmitted through contaminated food or directly between people. Nipah virus (Niv) is a RNA virus belongs to family- Paramyxoviridae & genus- Henipavirus.
- 5. TRANSMISSION OF NIPAH VIRUS Transmission of Nipah virus to human may occur after direct contact with infected bats, infected pigs or other infected people.
- 6. SIGNS & SYMPTOMS Fever & Headache Vomiting Muscle aches Sensivity to light Acute respiratory syndrome or atypical pneumonia.
- 7. DIAGNOSIS PROCESSES Virus isolation attemps and real time polymerase chain reaction from throat, urine and blood should be performed in the early stages of disease. Antibody detection by ELISA can be used later on.
- 8. TREATMENT There is no vaccine specifically available to protect infected people. Treatment is limited to supportive care although some researchers suggest the antiviral drug ribavirin may be useful.
- 9. PREVENTION Avoid close physical contact with infected people. Wear NH95 grade and higher masks. Wash hands regularly with soap. Boil freshly collected date palm juice before consuming. Avoid consuming partly eaten fruits.
- 10. CONCLUSION Research over the last two decades has provided insight into the mechanisms of pathogenesis and transmission of NiV. Even through it has been seen for more than 20 years. Modifying risk factors and in the development of therapeutics and techniques capable of treating infected patients to reduce morbidity and mortality.
- 11. REFERENCES Tan KS, Tan CT, Goh KJ. Epidemiological aspects of Nipah virus infection. Neurol J South East Asia,1999; 4:77–81. Looi LM, Chua KB. Lessons from the Nipah virus outbreak in Malaysia. Malays J Pathol, 2007; 29:63–67. Sherrini BA, Tan CT. Nipah encephalitis—an update. Med J Malaysia, 2014; 69(Suppl A):103–111. Lam SK, Chua KB. Nipah virus encephalitis outbreak in Malaysia. Clin Infect Dis, 2002; 34(Suppl 2):S48–S51. Balali-Mood M, Moshiri M, Etemad L. Medical aspects of bio- terrorism. Toxicon, 2013; 69:131–142.
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