Notes rb labs 3 and 4

Forces and Motion
 Lab 1 “Graphing Your Motion”; Pages 1-7
 Lab 2 “Gravity’s Pull”; Pages 9 – 16
 Lab 3 “Keep on Truckin’ ”; Pages 15 – 28
 Lab 4 “Laws of Motion”; Pages 29 – 34
 Lab 5 “ Work Made Easy”; Pages 41 – 56
 Lab 6 “ Power to do Work”; Pages 57 –
 Lab 7 “ The Force of Friction”; Pages 35 -
40

Forces and Motion
Lab 3 “Keep on Truckin’ ”;
Pages 17-28
Lab 4 “Laws of Motion”; Pages
29 – 34

Lab 3
Keep on Truckin’Keep on Truckin’

Key ObjectivesKey Objectives
The Student will:
– Investigate and understand
concepts of speed, velocity
and acceleration when
describing motion.

– Understand that velocity
measures the average speed
of an object in a specific
direction

Take measurements to
calculate the speed of a
moving object

Key TermsKey Terms
Speed
Velocity
Acceleration

SpeedSpeed
The change in position of an
object per unit of time:
– Miles per hour
MPH
– Meters per Second
M/Sec

VelocityVelocity
The measurement
of the speed of an
object in a specific
direction
N, NE, E, SE, W ,
NW,, S, SW,
 North
 Northeast
 East
 Southeast
 West
 Northwest
 South
 Southwest

AccelerationAcceleration
The increase in speed of an
object per unit of time
Written in Meters per second
per second
M/sec2

Essential LearningsEssential Learnings
Average speed is calculated by
dividing distance by time
s = d/t
Speed = Distance
Time

Velocity describes both the
speed and the direction of the
motion of an object
It is reported in meters per
second (m/sec) in a specific
direction (m/sec N, E,W or S)

Acceleration is the change in
velocity per unit of time
– m/sec2
(meters per second per second)
An object moving with constant
speed/velocity has no
acceleration

Essential Learnings:Essential Learnings:
Acceleration is
calculated by
dividing the
change in
velocity by
time
a = vf – vi
ta = acceleration
vf = final velocity
vi = initial velocity
t = time

On earth weight in Newtons is
~10 your mass in Kiligrams
On earth, acceleration due to
the force of gravity is:
9.8 m/sec2
(meters per second per
second)

A decrease in velocity is
negative acceleration
– Deceleration

Objects moving in a circular
motion are constantly
accelerating because velocity
and direction are constantly
changing

A distance/time
graph for
acceleration is
always a curve

One More Thing…
 Constant Accelleration
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BGfPU_gyqm8
 Acceleration Plus and minus
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ixF_Tf4pmE8

Lab 4
Newton’s 3 LawsNewton’s 3 Laws

Watch This…..
 Newton’s Three Laws of Motion
 Newton’s Intro… Intro….
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UVdqxYyFRKY

The student will:
– Investigate and understand
the effects of gravity and
Newton’s laws of motion

– Define Force and distinguish
between balanced and
unbalanced forces

– Explain the effects of
balanced and unbalanced
forces on the motion of an
object

– Identify situations that illustrate
each law of motion
Give examples of the effects
of Inertia
(Newton’s First Law)

– Explain how force, mass and
acceleration are related
(Newton’s Second Law)

– Solve basic problems given
the formula;
Force = mass x acceleration
(F=ma)

– Demonstrate action and
reaction forces and how they
apply to motion
(Newton’s Third Law)

– Explain how force and motion
apply to car safety and
technology, rockets and
restraining devices

Key TermsKey Terms
Newton’s First Law
– Inertia
Newton’s Second Law
Newton’s Third Law
Balanced Forces
Unbalanced Forces

Newton’s First LawNewton’s First Law
InertiaInertia
– A body at rest
will remain at
rest until a force
acts upon it
and…

“A body will remain
in motion and
travel in a straight
path and constant
speed until a force
acts upon it.”

InertiaInertia- Often called
the “Lazy Law”…it
says things do what
they are doing until
a force causes a
change to occur

Newton’s Second LawNewton’s Second Law
“The acceleration
of an object
depends on the
mass of the object
and the amount of
force applied”

Newton’s Third LawNewton’s Third Law
“Whenever one object
exerts a force on another,
the second object exerts
an equal and opposite
force on the first”
ActionAction  Reaction orReaction or
CauseCause EffectEffect

Balanced ForcesBalanced Forces
When forces are equal or
balanced no change in the
motion of an object will be
observed

Unbalanced ForcesUnbalanced Forces
When forces are unequal or
unbalanced, a change in the
motion of an object can be
observed:
– Bowling ball collides with a tennis
ball

Sir Isaac Newton (1642 –
1727) The “Father of Calculus”
and one of the greatest
Physicists ever
Through observations and
calculations discovered three
laws of motion.

Newton’s first law (Inertia)
states:
– Any object at rest will remain
at rest until a force acts upon
it to change the objects
position/motion.

– In addition, any moving object
will remain in motion at a
constant speed and in a
straight line until another
force acts upon it to change
its motion.
.

Newton’s second law :
– F=ma
– The acceleration of an object
is determined by the mass of
the object and the amount of
force needed to change the
speed

– Note that:
Only an unbalanced force
can change an objects
motion

Newton’s third law :
– For every action there is an
equal and opposite reaction.
– Often called
Action  Reaction
Cause and Effect

Newton’s Laws ReviewNewton’s Laws Review
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jFI29NoG-Ko

Newton’s Law SongNewton’s Law Song
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PkAO8F-Tm-w

Finally….Finally….
http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&v=jwPc0kK9V

FormulaeFormulae
Force
F= ma
F= Force
m=Mass
a = acceleration

Formulae (Formulas)Formulae (Formulas)
Acceleration
a=Vf – Vi
t
a = acceleration t = time
Vf = Final Velocity
Vi = Initial Velocity

FormulaeFormulae
Distance
d= r x t
s = speed
r= rate
d=Distance

Essential Learnings
The End!

Notes rb labs 3 and 4

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Notes rb labs 3 and 4