OS - File Handling
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The document discusses file handling and organization in operating systems. It covers file concepts like contiguous logical address space and types of files. It describes file attributes like name, identifier, type, location, size, protection, and time/date. It discusses file operations like create, write, read, reposition, delete, and truncate. It also covers file pointers, open counts, disk locations, and access rights for managing open files. Finally, it summarizes file access methods, directory structures, file system organization, and file sharing and security.
OS - File Handling
- 1. File Handling Organized By: Vinay Arora Assistant Professor CSED, TU V.A. CSED,TU
- 2. Disclaimer This is NOT A COPYRIGHT MATERIAL Content has been taken mainly from the following books: Operating Systems Concepts By Silberschatz & Galvin, Operating Systems: Internals and Design Principles By William Stallings www.os-book.com www.cs.jhu.edu/~yairamir/cs418/os2/sld001.htm www.personal.kent.edu/~rmuhamma/OpSystems/os.html http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms685096(VS.85).aspx http://www.computer.howsttuffworks.com/operating-system6.htm http://williamstallings.com/OS/Animations.html http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa450566.aspx www.os-book.com http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/ForkExecProcesses.html Etc… VA. CSED,TU
- 3. File Concept Contiguous Logical Address Space Types: Data numeric character Binary Program VA. CSED,TU
- 4. File Attributes Name – only information kept in human-readable form Identifier – Unique tag (number) identifies file within file system Type – Needed for systems that support different types Location – Pointer to file location on device Size – Current file size Protection – Controls who can do reading, writing, executing Time, Date, and user Identification – Data for protection, security, and usage monitoring Information about files are kept in the directory structure, which is maintained on the disk VA. CSED,TU
- 5. File Operations Create Write Read Reposition within File Delete Truncate Open (Fi) – Search the directory structure on disk for entry Fi, and move the content of entry to memory Close (Fi) – Move the content of entry Fi in memory to directory structure on disk VA. CSED,TU
- 6. Several pieces of data are needed to manage open files: File Pointer: Pointer to last read/write location, per process that has the file open File-open Count: Counter of number of times a file is open – to allow removal of data from open-file table when last processes closes it Disk Location of the File: cache of data access information Access Rights: Per-process access mode information VA. CSED,TU
- 7. VA. CSED,TU
- 8. Access Methods Sequential Access read next write next reset no read after last write (rewrite) Direct Access read n write n position to n read next write next rewrite n n = relative block number VA. CSED,TU
- 9. Sequential Access VA. CSED,TU
- 10. Index & Relative Files VA. CSED,TU
- 11. Directory Structure A collection of nodes containing information about all files VA. CSED,TU
- 12. File System Organization VA. CSED,TU
- 13. Operations performed on Directory Search for a File Create a File Delete a File List a Directory Rename a File Traverse the File System VA. CSED,TU
- 14. Organize directory to obtain Efficiency – Locating a file quickly Naming – Convenient to users Two users can have same name for different files The same file can have several different names Grouping – Logical grouping of files by properties, (e.g., all Java programs, all games, …) VA. CSED,TU
- 15. Single-level Directory VA. CSED,TU
- 16. Two-level Directory VA. CSED,TU
- 17. Tree Structured Directory VA. CSED,TU
- 18. Acyclic Graph Directory VA. CSED,TU
- 19. General Graph Directory VA. CSED,TU
- 20. File Sharing VA. CSED,TU
- 21. File Sharing VA. CSED,TU
- 22. File Security VA. CSED,TU
- 23. Thnx… VA. CSED,TU