Participatory development of adaptation and mitigation technologies and practices in Africa
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The document outlines a participatory approach to developing climate-smart agricultural technologies in East and West Africa, focusing on adaptation and mitigation strategies to enhance food security and resilience to climate change. Key activities include capacity building for project managers, participatory research, and field tests of innovative agricultural practices such as improved crop varieties and natural resource management. The initiative aims to engage local stakeholders and integrate climate information into agricultural development to ensure sustainable practices and mitigate greenhouse gas emissions.
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Cropland
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gas pooling
Forest
Temporal
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fluxes
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Synthesis
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empirical
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coupled
biogeochemical
models](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/bayalaparticipatoryadaptationmitigation-aasw615-07-13-130716091250-phpapp02/85/Participatory-development-of-adaptation-and-mitigation-technologies-and-practices-in-Africa-14-320.jpg)
Participatory development of adaptation and mitigation technologies and practices in Africa
- 1. Participatory development of adaptation and mitigation technologies and practices in East and West Africa Presenter: Bayala J. (ICRAF) FARA Science week CCAFS side Event Accra 15 July 2013
- 2. Objectives of the PAR • To test and validate a scalable climate-smart model for agricultural development that integrates a range of innovative agricultural risk management strategies • To enable key actors (farmers, developers and managers of agricultural carbon, and policy makers) to develop cost-effective options for agricultural mitigation that support local sustainable development, especially related to food security and climate change adaptation • To build African project managers capacity for institutional analysis and design for agricultural carbon projects • To enable rigorous tracking of institutional changes and impacts over time.
- 3. • Climate-smart agriculture includes proven practical techniques - such as mulching, intercropping, conservation agriculture, crop rotation, integrated crop-livestock management, agroforestry, improved grazing, and improved water management - but also innovative practices such as better weather forecasting, early warning systems and risk insurance. • Climate-smart agriculture is about getting existing technologies off the shelf and into the hands of farmers and developing new technologies such as drought or flood tolerant crops to meet the demands of the changing climate. • It is also about creating an enabling policy environment for adaptation. Climate-smart agriculture technologies and practices
- 4. Climate variability Climate change Rains start late or earlier Drought, floods, pest and diseases Human pressure Production needs to increase by 70% to feed 9 billion people Poor crop, less food and less income Decrease in vegetation cover Land and soil degradation Climate forecast Climate analogs Water harvesting - Crop varieties – Species transfer - zero grazing – on-farm trees Exit strategy: NGOs, extension PM&E:changeinbehavior Conduciveenvironment(policyandmarket) Global problem analysis
- 5. From participatory planning: • Iden%fy major climate risks, constraints, opportuni%es and resources; • Map vulnerability of various groups; • Define & develop partnerships needed (technical support units, Village local commiBees…) to achieve the common defined vision; • Iden%fy technological op%ons for on-‐farm tes%ng and demonstra%on. Participatory action research in West Africa
- 6. ….to ground testing of climate-smart agriculture innovations with communities • Combina%ons of minimum %llage-‐crop rota%ons-‐organic and inorganic fer%lizers (micro-‐dosing); • Zaï, half-‐moons, stone bunds -‐ assisted natural tree regenera%on; • Tree plan%ng for woodlots and fruits; • Intercropping sesame/cowpea/ sorghum/ Hibiscus/Okra • Jatropha curcas produc%on in associa%on with cereal crops…….
- 7. …to capacity & partnership development for up- scaling climate-smart village models • Train researchers on approaches, methods, and tools needed for ac%on research; • Train technical support units in sites to insure sound implementa%on, monitoring and repor%ng of the PAR results; • Mobilize na%onal plaSorms (scien%sts & policy makers) for linking na%onal priority needs with sub-‐na%onal level experiences and specific enabling condi%ons.
- 8. Activities Burkina Faso Ghana Mali Weather forecast Climate information delivery Climate information delivery Climate information delivery Baseline studies (including socio-‐ economic) Baseline carbon stock evaluation for all technologies tested Baseline carbon stock evaluation for all technologies tested Baseline carbon stock evaluation for all technologies tested Water harvesting Zaï-‐Assisted natural regeneration Minimum tillage-‐ Rotation-‐ISFM Water conservation and microdose Land and vegetation restoration Vegetation cover regeneration through tree planting Tree species for wood production and fruit Introducing Moringa oleifera Off season gardening Variety testing for adaptation Improved varieties of Maize Maize varieties testing Sesame varieties testing Testing sweet sorghum genotypes from ICRISAT Testing of millet varieties Cowpea varieties testing Cowpea varieties testing Mitigation options testing (including GHGs monitoring) Design sustainable Jatropha production systems Develop sustainable Jatropha production systems Examples of field tests conducted with farmers
- 9. Activities Burkina Faso Ghana Mali Capacity building 1 student from professional school 1 MSc student KUK 1 student of UPB, Burkina Faso Participatory video filming A climate change adaptation committee formed to supervise the implementation of activities Training of farmers on SWC techniques P. M&E National team trained by IUCN on the tools for PM&E and applied them Ghana team was trained by IUCN on the tools for PM&E Mali to be trained by IUCN on the tools for PM&E Information dissemination Farmers’ field days Farmers’ field days Farmers’ field days Partnership INERA, TreeAid, BIBIR, IUCN, Agrhymet, local authorities SARI, MoFA, Langmaal Center, Prolinova, IUCN, Agrhymet, local authorities IER, AMEDD, IUCN, Agrhymet, local authorities Change in behaviour Change in behaviour Examples of field tests conducted with farmers
- 10. • Contributes to one of CCAFS objectives: Identify and test innovations in partnership with rural communities that enable them to better manage climate-related risk and build more resilient livelihoods • The project aimed to address climate change through participatory testing of improved varieties “drought tolerant” bean varieties with farmers in selected sites in Hoima and Rakai district, Uganda – Identify varieties adapted to specific and wide climatic scenarios – Understand trade offs of different traits under varying socio- economic circumstances Participatory evaluation of drought tolerant bean varieties in Uganda
- 11. Roles of different stakeholders in the project CIAT/NARO-NaCRRI • Provide seed for the trails • Train in crop management • Guide famers in trail layout and planting • Monitoring and coordinate the trail with different stakeholders • Avail simple implements and inputs for the trails (e.g., rain gauge, paper bags, plot labels and any other input deemed necessary for the success of the trail) Farmer Groups • Directly implement the project • Provide and prepare the land for the trails • Conduct the planting, and general crop and trail management • Keep records and any activity done and any observations seen on the trails • Maintain a day to day record book on the trails • Make a report on the trial and performance of the individual varieties Local government (LC chairperson(s) and councilors — Mobilization of farmers — Monitor the trails — Give advise to famers groups — Provide any assistance as the sub- county budget may allow Community development officers and technocrats (extension workers, NGOs) — Provide technical advise on crop production — Harmonize groups to work together — Monitor the activities — Mobilize farmers to engage in the project — Link the project with the different stakeholders — Assessment of the trials and make a report
- 12. Identifying pro-poor mitigation options for smallholder agriculture in the developing world: a multi-criteria and across-scales assessment Develop a low-‐cost protocol to quan2fy greenhouse gas emissions and to iden2fy mi2ga2on op2ons for smallholders at whole-‐farm and landscape levels The goal
- 13. Capacity building Landscape analysis and targe2ng Landscape implementa2on Mul2-‐dimensional evalua2on of mi2ga2on op2ons Scalable and social acceptable mi2ga2on op2ons System-‐level es2ma2on of mi2ga2on poten2al Set-‐up of state-‐of-‐the-‐art laboratory facili2es Training of laboratory and field staff Phase III: Development of systems-‐level mi2ga2on op2ons Phase I: Targe2ng, priority seFng and infrastructure Phase II: Data acquisi2on Phase IV: Implementa2on with development partners Produc2vity assessment GHG measurements Profitability evalua2on Social acceptability assessment Joint scien2fic & stakeholder evalua2on
- 14. Step 5. Intepreta2on and upscaling 30 Oct 4 Nov 9 Nov 14 Nov 19 Nov 24 Nov 29 Nov 0 25 50 75 100 250 500 N2 Oflux[µgNm -2 h -1 ] 2012 0 25 50 75 100 250 500 0 25 50 75 100 250 500 Cropland Grassland individual chambers gas pooling Forest Temporal variability of N2O fluxes at three sites differing in land use at Maseno, Kenya. Synthesis of GHG measurements: informa%on useful to derive emission factors, empirical models, calibra%ng and valida%ng of detailed models Upscaling: using the targe%ng approach (assigning emissions to landscape elements) and/or of GIS coupled biogeochemical models
- 15. What is new? • New agriculture responsive to: food security, adapting to CC & CC mitigation • Integrate the use of climate information and climate risk management at community level • Research on processes about change in behaviour • Looking at a set of innovations rather than a single technology performance • Looking beyond the program lifetime: self- reproduction
- 16. Contributors • Bayala J., Ky-Dembele C., Kalinganire A. (ICRAF) • Zougmoré R., Moussa A.(CCAFS-ICRISAT) • Mukankusi C.M., Nkalubo S., Katungi E., Luyima G. (CIAT-NACRRI) • Rufino M., Rosenstock T., Wollenberg L., Butterbach- Bahl K. (IITA) • Bationo B.A. (INERA-Burkina Faso) • Buah S. (SARI-Ghana) • Traoré K. (IER-Mali) • Tougiani A. (INRAN-Niger) • Badiane Y.N. (ISRA-Senegal)
- 17. Thank you very much