Pascal Triangle
- 1. GROUP MEMBERS : NUR FARALINA BINTI ASRAB ALI (D20101037415) NOOR AZURAH BINTI ABDUL RAZAK (D20101037502) NUR WAHIDAH BINTI SAMI’ON (D20101037525)
- 2. The Pascal’s Triangle is one of the most interesting number patterns in mathematicians. Pascal's triangle is named after the French mathematician and philosopher, Blaise Pascal (1623-62), who wrote a Treatise on the Arithmetical Triangle describing it. However, Pascal was not the first to draw out this triangular but the Persian and Chinese also used it even in the eleventh century before the birth of Pascal.
- 3. In 1654, Blaise Pascal completed the Traite du Triangle erithmetique, which has properties and applications of the triangle. Pascal had made lots of other contributions to mathematics but the writings of his triagle are very famous.
- 4. Fibonnacci's Sequence can also be located in Pascal's Triangle. It is formed by adding two consecutive numbers in the sequence to get the next number. 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, ... Example : The 2 is found by adding the two numbers before it (1+1) Similarly, the 3 is found by adding the two numbers before it (1+2), and so on!
- 5. Hockey Stick
- 6. History It is called hockey stick rule since the numbers involved form a long straight line like the handle of the hockey stick and the quick turn at the end where the sum appear is like the part of the contact the puck.
- 9. Odd and Even
- 11. Pascal’s Triangle can be used to show how many different combinations of heads and tails are possible depending on the number of throws. The number of throws is equal to the row number in Pascal’s Triangle. For example, with five throws look at row five and so on. The elements in a row show how many combinations for each possible result there are. The possible results for five throws are to get between five heads and zero heads
- 12. Elements zero shows how many combinations result in five heads and zero tails, element one shows how many combinations result in four head and one tail. Example : Throw a coin three times. There shows the table of combinations. Throw a coin three times. There shows the table of combinations.
- 13. Number of Heads Three Heads Two Heads One Head Zero Head Combinations HHH HHT, HTH, THH HTT, THT, TTH TTT Number of Combinations 1 3 3 1
- 14. Pascal’s Triangle can also be use for binomial expansion. The number in the nth row are also the coefficients in the expansion of (1 + X) n Example : If n equals to 4 then: (X + 1)4 = 1X4 + 4X3 + 6X2 + 4X +1 If n equals to 4 then: (X + 1)4 = 1X4 + 4X3 + 6X2 + 4X +1
- 15. The coefficients in the expansion highlighted in red are equal to the fourth row of Pascal’s Triangle. The coefficients in the expansion highlighted in red are equal to the fourth row of Pascal’s Triangle.