Pe q1, lesson 1, week 3
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This document provides information about first aid for common physical injuries including sprains, strains, fractures, dislocations, and heat exhaustion. It discusses signs and symptoms of each injury and outlines the RICE treatment method. First aid procedures are described for each injury type, focusing on immobilization, ice, compression, elevation, and seeking prompt medical care when needed. Prevention strategies through proper warm-ups, technique, equipment use, and fall prevention are also covered.
Pe q1, lesson 1, week 3
- 1. Welcome to Week 3 of MAPEH Class! Today, we will study another lesson under Physical Education. Are you ready?
- 2. Guess the Word! Instruction: Guess the mystery word related to our topic by adding the given words. Example: Hair + EAR + Truck + BEAT = heartbeat
- 3. Guess the Word! 1. India + Jury Answer: Injury
- 4. Guess the Word! 2. Stress + Pain Answer: Strain
- 5. Guess the Word! 3. Spam + Train Answer: Sprain
- 6. Guess the Word! 4. Disc + Locust + Ambition Answer: Dislocation
- 7. Guess the Word! 5. Fraction + Puncture Answer: Fracture
- 8. FIRST AID IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS IN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SPORTS SETTINGS
- 9. What is First Aid? an immediate and temporary care given to a person who has been injured or suddenly taken ill. It includes self-help and home care if medical assistance is not available or delayed.
- 10. Objectives of First Aid: ● To alleviate suffering ● To prevent added/further injury or danger ● To prolong life
- 11. Common Injury Encountered by Officiating Officials and Athletes
- 12. Sprain A sprain is caused by torn fibers in a ligament. Swelling and bruising are some signs and symptoms.
- 13. R.I.C.E METHOD Rest the injured part, especially for the first 24 to 48 hours after the injury – this is the most critical time of treatment. Avoid any activity that causes pain or makes it worse. Use crutches if the leg, foot or ankle is injured. Support an injured wrist, arm or shoulder with a sling. Tape an injured toe or finger to its healthy neighbor.
- 14. R.I.C.E METHOD Ice is an excellent anti-inflammatory and reduces swelling and pain. Apply an ice pack or cold compress for 10 to 15 minutes as soon as possible after an injury. Repeat each hour for the first 3 or 4 hours, then 4 times a day for the next 2 to 3 days. Protect your skin with a thin cloth. If ice packs are not available, a packet of frozen vegetables in a cloth will do.
- 15. R.I.C.E METHOD Compression also reduces swelling. Use elastic bandages for at least 2 days. Check that the bandage is snug, but not too tight. Take the bandage off at night.
- 16. R.I.C.E METHOD Elevation drains fluids from injured tissues. Elevate the injured area whenever you are sitting or lying down. Try to keep the injured area at or above the level of the heart.
- 17. First Aid Remove any clothing or jewelry around the joint. Apply cold compress at once. Elevate the affected joint. The victim’s physician may recommend an over the counter anti-inflammatory medication (aspirin, ibuprofen) appropriate for the victim’s general health.
- 18. HEAT EXHAUSTION Heat exhaustion is a response to heat characterized by fatigue, weakness and collapse due to inadequate intake of water to compensate for loss of fluids during sweating.
- 19. First Aid Have the victim lie down with his/her feet elevated. Keep the victim cool. Give him/her electrolyte beverages to sip or make a salted drink. Monitor the victim for signs of shock. If the victim starts having seizures, protect him/her from injury and give first aid for convulsions. If the victim loses consciousness, give first aid for unconsciousness.
- 20. A strain is a twist, pull or tear of a muscle or tendon - a cord of tissue connecting muscle to bone. It is an acute, non- contact injury that results from overstretching or over-contraction.
- 21. First Aid Minor sprains and strains can be treated at home using the following measures. Start treatment as soon as possible to reduce swelling and speed up recovery. The less swelling, the more blood can get to the injured part to start the repair process. Apply the R.I.C.E. method. Do not apply heat during the first two days as this will only increase swelling. Use paracetamol for the first day of the injury, to reduce pain without increasing bleeding. Thereafter, ibuprofen (or other non-steroidal anti- inflammatories) or aspirin is a good choice. Don't give aspirin to a child younger than 16 years.
- 22. First Aid Remove rings immediately if the injury is to the hand or fingers. After 48 hours, start moving the limb gently, but only enough not to cause pain Gradually increase the range of movement – let pain be your guide. *Strains usually heal in about a week. Sprains may take up to three weeks to heal.
- 23. FRACTURE A fracture is a break in the bone that can occur from either a quick, one- time injury to the bone (acute fracture) or from repeated stress to the bone over time (stress fracture).
- 24. OPEN FRACTURE
- 25. CLOSE FRACTURE
- 26. First Aid Keep the limb in the position you found it and place soft padding around the broken bones. Splint the injury with something rigid, such as rolled up newspaper or magazines, to prevent the bones from shifting. Don't move the broken bones. Splints must be long enough to extend beyond joints above and below the fracture.
- 27. First Aid If there is an open fracture, cover it with a clean gauze pad. Apply pressure to control bleeding. Don't try to push the bone back into the wound and don't attempt to clean it. Get medical attention immediately. Fractures of the femur and pelvis may cause severe internal bleeding. Don't give the person anything to eat or drink in case surgery is needed.
- 28. DISLOCATION When the two bones that come together to form a joint become separated, the joint is described as being dislocated. Contact sports such as football, basketball and lacrosse, as well as high impact sports that can result in excessive stretching or falling, cause the majority of dislocations. A dislocated joint is an emergency situation that requires medical treatments.
- 29. DISLOCATION What are the Signs and Symptoms of Dislocation? Signs and symptoms of a Dislocation include: •Severe pain •Obvious deformation of the joint •Inability to move the joint •Swelling •Redness •Bruising or contusion •Sensory disturbances (tingling or numbness, or both) in the distal limb
- 30. First Aid Make arrangements to seek medical assistance DO NOT move the person, if there is a suspicion of head, neck, back, or leg injury •DO NOT move the joint; doing so may aggravate the injury •Use splints or sling affected joint in its position. Try to immobilize the joint, above and below the affected area •Apply ice on the injured site to reduce pain and swelling, only if there are no open wounds/injuries •Do not administer anything orally to the person, as the person may require a surgery
- 31. Prevention Many exercise-induced injuries can be prevented. Don't be a "weekend warrior". Get yourself into shape gradually with a graded exercise programme. Listen to your body. Warm up properly and cool off after exercising. Use proper equipment and the correct technique. Use common sense to prevent injury in everyday life. Don't carry heavy objects. Watch where you step. Keep your home safe. To prevent falls, older adults should keep their muscles strong by exercising
- 32. PREVENTION (Apply continuously, everyday) Every Juan Because it’s always better than cure Dr. Lee Hae Sung
- 33. Thank you! Until next meeting ☺ -Sir Eric