positive deviation

POSITIVE DEVIATION
GUNJAN VERMA
Department of Education
M.D. Unievrsity Rohtak

We live in a world full of diversities . Every form of
living and non living being is different from each
other .
In a literal meaning , the term DEVIATION stands
for a process or quality and the characteristics of
deviating , differing or going away from some thing
that is supposed to be fixed or decided .

POSITIVE DEVIATION :-
Positive deviance is an approach to behavioural
and social change based on the observation that
in any community , there are people whose
uncommon but successful strategies enable
them to find better solution of a problem than
their peers , despite facing similar challenges
and having no extra resource or knowledge than
their peers .
These individuals are referred as POSITIVE
DEVIANTS .

In our society these children are branded as
GIFTED , GENIUS OR CREATIVE .
These are the children who differ from the other
children of their age group and grade in respect
to possession of some traits of the personality .
The field of special education is concerned with
children who deviates from normal children to
the extent that matters very much for learning in
schools and functioning successfully elsewhere .

NORMAL PROBABILITY CURVE :-
The normal distribution is a widely used statistical
tool . It is also referred as a bell curve .
The normal distribution first was discussed by de
Moivre in the 1700s . But mathematicians like
Pierre-Simon (1777-1855) studied it and used as a
statistical tool .
The basic idea underlying the normal distribution is
that as one examines large samples of individuals ,
the distribution of these individuals on many
characteristics will often approximate a normal
distribution .

This is because most individuals will be typical
or in middle on the curve , whereas there will be
fewer individuals who will be either extremely
low or high on any given measure .
According to the Normal Probability Curve ,
children falls in the upper or lower extreme are
called exceptional children .
Children in upper extreme are considered as
POSITIVE DEVIANTS .

CLASSIFICATION :-
CATEGORY
MENATL
EMOTINAL
UPPER LEVEL
GIFTED &
CREATIVE
HIGH
MORAL
CHARACTE
R

TYPES OF
POSITIVE
DEVIANTS .
CREATIVE
CHILDREN .
GIFTED
CHILDREN .

CREATIVE CHILDREN :-
The term ‘CREATIVITY’ has been explained by
the philosophers , sociologist and psychiatrists .
Every child is creative to some extent in our
society .
The creative child is an assets to the society as
well as to the nation .
Creativity has been called “the highest
expression of giftedness”(Clark, 1988) .

MEANING :-
Creativity in its simple meaning stands for the
ability or capacity of a child to create or produce
something new .
The creativity refers to originality , fluency ,
flexibility and collaboration .
Acc to , Guilford creative thoughts means
divergent thinking and uncreative mean
convergent thinking .

Guilford has given 120 mental abilities .
The intelligence test do not measure creativity
because these tests involve or employ convergent
thinking .
Creative children possesses high degree of keenness
, attentiveness , alertness and power of
concentration .
These children demonstrates very rich imagination
characterized as ‘CREATIVE IMAGINATION’ .

CHARACTERISTICS :-
Two types
Positive traits
Negative
traits

POSITIVE TRAITS :-
Independent
Thinking .
Unfrightened
of unknown
Visionary or
future
orientation .
Flexibility in
thoughts .
Curious about
his
environment .
Independent
Judgement .
Requires little
drill for
learning .
Risk taking
behaviour .
Pride in
creation .

NEGATIVE TRAITS :-
May dominate
discussions .
Bored by
repetitions .
Restless . Jealous .
May lose
interest
quickly .
Impatient .
May be
considered
nosey .
Egoistic .
Sensitive
temperament .

IDENTIFICATION OF CREATIVE
CHILDREN :-
TYPES OF METHODS
OBSERVATION
,INTERVIEW,
RATING SCALE
METHOD
CREATIVITY
TEST

CREATIVE TESTS :-
The tests standardized abroad :-
1) Minnesota tests of creative thinking .
2) Guilford’s Divergent Thinking Instrument .
3) Remote Associate Test .
4) Wallach and Kogan Creativity Instruments .
5) A.C. Tests of Creative Ability .
6) Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking .

The tests standardized in India :-
1) Baquer Mehdi’s Tests of Creative Thinking –
Hindi and English .
2) Passi’s tests of Creativity .
3) Sharma’s Divergent Production Abilities Test .
4) Saxena’s Tests of Creativity .

NEEDS OF CREATIVE CHILDREN :-
Co-curricular activities .
Special classrooms .
Freedom to respond .
Opportunity for ego involvement .
Psychological safety .
Improving problem solving capacity .
Encouragement in originality and flexibility .
Removal of hesitation or fear .

Time flexibility .
Providing appropriate opportunities and
atmosphere for creative expression .
Proper organization of curriculum .
Motivation .
Encourage to study masterpieces .
Reform in evaluation system .

GIFTED CHILDREN :-
The term ‘Gifted’ or ‘Talented’ are used
interchangeably .
The psychologists have identified gifted children on
the basis of I.Q .
J.R. Guilford in his theory of ‘Structure of Intellect’
has given 120 abilities .
If a child shows the best on any one ability is known
as gifted child .
Giftedness is upper extreme on the normal
distribution of any trait . Example :- Social , Mental
and Attitude .

MEANING :-
In comparison to children of their own age
group , gifted children have some uniqueness
and superiority over them in terms of some
ability or group of abilities .
In most cases , the gifted children always exhibit
superior performance in the area or areas of
their giftedness only .
Gifted children are superior in physical
development , educational achievement ,
intelligence and social personality .

DEFINITION :-
According to Havighurst (1958), “ The talented or
gifted child is one who shows remarkable
performance in any worthwhile line of endeavour” .
According to Renzulli’s view , Gifted are those who
have demonstrated :-
a) High ability (including high intelligence .)
b) High creativity (the ability to formulate novel
ideas and apply them to the solution of problems).
c) High task commitment(a high level of motivation
& the ability to see a project through to its
completion).

CHARACTERISTICS :-
TWO TYPES.
POSITIVE TRAITS .
NEGATIVE TRAITS
.

POSITIVE TRAITS :-
Learns rapidly and easily .
Reason things out , think clearly , recognize clearly
and can make sound judgments .
Possess the ability to acquire and manipulate
abstract symbol system .
Ask many questions , has a wide range of interest .
Have ability to perform difficult mental task .
Quite motivated , hard working , persistent , have
logical memory , higher aspiration level and
intensive interest .

NEGATIVE TRAITS :-
Sometimes these students are trouble maker ,
aggressive or snoopy .
Can cause disciplinary problem .
Quite restless, inattentive and have disturbing
behaviour .
Have critical , egoistic behaviour and jealousy .
Careless in handwriting & poor in spellings .
Can have adjustment problem in school & home.
Negativity , inferiority complex, daydreaming,
mischievous .
Sensitive .

INDENTIFICATION :-
Opinion and reporting of the parents and
members of the family .
Opinion and reporting of teachers and other
school personnel .
Opinion and reporting of the peers .
Self-evaluation on the part of the child .
Cumulative record of the child’s performance .
By observation , situational tests and interview .
By using intelligence tests .
Aptitude tests .

REFRENCES:-
Heward & Orlansky(1992). Exceptional Children
.U.S.A: Macmillan Publishing Company .
Dash . M (2000). Education of Exceptional
Children . New Delhi: Atlantic Publishers And
Distributors .
Mangal, S.K (2011). Learner, Learning And
Cognition . Ludhiana: Tandon Publications .
Panda, K.C(2003). Education of Exceptional
Children . New Delhi: Vikas Publishing House
pvt ltd .

positive deviation

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positive deviation