Presentation on mcts & ccna

Submitted to: Submitted by:
Prof. Danveer Rajpal Arpit Prajapat
HOD ECE dept. 12EVEEC005
ECE, 7TH SEM
1

MCTS Overview
 Stands for Microsoft Certified Technology Specialist
 It`s a thorough study of the servers and basic security
in a network of any organization, industries etc at an
associate level.
 Training over live networks and various roles and
features in a server.
 Training undergoes working with Microsoft Server
2008R2 ENTERPRISE.
2

IP
 What is IP ?
 What is IP addressing ?
 Types of IP addressing ?
 Classes of IP .
 What is sub-netting ?
 What is VLSM ?
3

Types of IP
IP
IPv4 IPv6
(decimal (hexadecimal
no. system) no. system)
32 bits 128 bits
4

IPv4 addressing
 Unique 32 bit Binary address, used to identify a
system on a Network or Internet.
 Minimum range – 0.0.0.0
 Maximum range – 255.255.255.255
 Classes of IPv4 –
 Class A - 1 to 127
 Class B - 128 to 191
 Class C - 192 to 223
 Class D - 224 to 239
 Class E - 240 to 255
5

Network and Host IDs
 Each IP address is divided into two parts
 Network part, defined by net-id identifies a
network
 Host part, defined by host-id identifies a host
within a network .
6

Classes of IP
 Class A
 Network Bits = 7
 No. of Networks = 27 - 1 = 127
 Host Bits = 24
 No. of Host/NW = 224 - 2 = 16 Million
 Range: 0.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255
7

 Class B
 No. of Networks = 214 - 1 = 16,383
 Host Bits = 16
 No. of Host/NW = 216 - 2 = 65,234
 Range: 128.0.0.0 to 191.255.255.255
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 Class C
 No. of Networks = 221 - 1 = 2 Million
 Host Bits = 8
 No. of Host/NW = 28 - 2 = 254
 Range: 192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255
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Sub-netting
 Sub-netting is dividing a network into several smaller
parts (subnets), each having its own sub-network address.
 Why we do sub-netting ?
 More efficient and structured utilization of IP address.
 In subnets we use Subnet Mask or Net Mask .
 Subnet mask - Its used to determine network part of the
address for a given IP address.
10

Types of server
 Tower server
 Rack mount server
 Blade server
11

DHCP server
 Stands for dynamic host concentration protocol .
 It works upon the port no. 67 at the client site .
 It works upon the port no. 68 at the server site .
 DHCP allot IP address on the basis of lease days.
 It assigns IP address according to DORA process .
 It supports authentication , reservation , Mac filter .
12

DNS server
 Stands for Domain Name Services .
 It works on the port no. 53 .
 It consist of two zones.
 Forward lookup zone
 Reverse lookup zone
 ‘A’ record is maintained for Ipv4 addressing .
 ‘AAAA’ record is maintained for IPv6 addressing .
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Web server
 It is a server operating system with web services which
is called IIS .
 IIS stands for Internet Information Services in a
windows server.
 By default it understand 3 types of web pages-
 Index.html
 Default.html
 Default.ASP
15

How Web & DNS work together
16

Other roles in 2k8
 Software routers
 Active Directory Domain services
 Cluster services
 Nap server
 Mail server
 NNTP server
 FTP server
 RDP server (Application Mode)
 VPN & NAT
17

CCNA Overview
 Stands for Cisco Certified Network Associate
 Various kinds of Routers and Switches , their protocols
are studied in this course curriculum.
 Worked upon various Cisco routers such as 2610, 2811,
1841, 3640, 2520, 2821, 2621, 2503 and Cisco Switches
2950.
 Study of these routers and their configuration was a major
part of the training.
18

Cisco router
 Routing is the process of forwarding a packet from one
network to another network, based on the Network-layer
header. Routers build routing tables to perform forwarding
decisions, which contain the following:
 The destination network and subnet mask .
 The next hop router to get to the destination network .
 Routing matrics and Administrative Distance .
19

Cisco switch
 It is a non junction device .
 It is a manageable device .
 It is generally of 16 or 24 port .
 It is best use for ideal desktop connectivity .
21

Routing protocols
 Basically routing protocol works on two types of protocol
 Distance vector algorithm
 Link state algorithm .
 Distance vector algorithm
 RIP
 RIP v2
 IGRP
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 Link state algorithm
 EIGRP
 OSPF
 Distance Vector algorithm –
 Neighboring nodes send information in regular time
interval.
 Install routes directly in tables .
 The information sent are all routes from the tables .
 Link state algorithm –
 Link state algorithm is the information generated by
every router describing its local interface in an area.
23

Routing information protocol
 Rip is a standardized Distance Vector protocol, designed
for use on smaller networks .
 Rip sends out periodic routing updates (every 30 sec).
 Rip sends out the full routing table every periodic update.
 Characteristics –
 Rip has a maximum hop count of 15 hops.
 RIP has second version also known as RIP v2.
 Routing update sent via multicast , using address
224.0.0.9
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Open Shortest Path First
 OSPF standardized Link state routing protocol, designed
to scale efficiently to support larger networks.
 OSPF sends its update when there is change to one of its
links, and will only send the change in the update .
 Characteristics –
 OSPF send HELLO packet to enabled interface every 10
sec.
 OSPF update sent via multicast address 224.0.0.5 (all
OSPF router) & 224.0.0.6 (all designated routers).
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Presentation on mcts & ccna

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