Proposal writing resource the logframe approach

The logframe approach Nairobi, March 2011

What is it? Planning Phase Analysis Phase Problem analysis – identifying key problems, constraints & opportunities; determining cause & effect relationships Stakeholder analysis – identifying & characterising potential major stakeholders; assessing their capacity Objective analysis – developing solutions from the identified problems; identifying means to end relationships Developing Logical Framework matrix - defining project structure, testing its internal logic & risks, formulating measurable indicators of success. Activity scheduling – determining the sequence and dependency of activities; estimating their duration, and assigning Responsibility Resource scheduling - from the activity schedule, developing input schedules and a budget

Problem analysis Problem analysis identifies the negative aspects of an existing situation and establishes the « cause and effect » relationships between the identified problems . ► Identification of the major problems faced by target groups & beneficiaries: What is/are the problem/s? Whose problems? ► Select the main problem. ► Define the causes and the effects of this problem. ► Visualise in a problem tree: This is the summary picture of the existing negative situation.

Problem analysis In the field of sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR), the indicators worldwide are not improving, and the needs gap regarding modern contraception remains high. Adolescents — both girls and boys — remain largely underserved despite the fact that they are mostly already sexually active and represent future generations. Sexual and reproductive health (SRH) is not consistently addressed in healthcare programmes, nor is it linked to HIV/AIDS programmes in developing countries. Situation

Problem analysis In the field of sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR), the indicators worldwide are not improving, and the needs gap regarding modern contraception remains high. Adolescents — both girls and boys — remain largely underserved despite the fact that they are mostly already sexually active and represent future generations. Sexual and reproductive health (SRH) is not consistently addressed in healthcare programmes, nor is it linked to HIV/AIDS programmes in developing countries. Problem

Problem analysis In the field of sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR), the indicators worldwide are not improving, and the needs gap regarding modern contraception remains high. Adolescents — both girls and boys — remain largely underserved despite the fact that they are mostly already sexually active and represent future generations. Sexual and reproductive health (SRH) is not consistently addressed in healthcare programmes, nor is it linked to HIV/AIDS programmes in developing countries. Cause

Problem analysis In the field of sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR), the indicators worldwide are not improving, and the needs gap regarding modern contraception remains high. Adolescents — both girls and boys — remain largely underserved despite the fact that they are mostly already sexually active and represent future generations. Adolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH) is not consistently addressed in healthcare programmes, nor is it linked to HIV/AIDS programmes in developing countries. Effects

Problem analysis The problem tree Adolescents remain largely underserved SRHR indicators are not improving ASRH is not consistently addressed in healthcare programmes ASRH is not linked to HIV/AIDS programmes Inadequate government resources dedicated to ASRH Effects Problem Causes

Objective Analysis The analysis of objectives describes the situation in the future once identified problems have been remedied. «Young Kenyans don’t have access to SRH information and services » « Young Kenyans have access SRH information and services » Example: Problem: Objective: ► negative situation of the problem tree is converted into solutions, expressed as positive achievements. ► These positive achievements are in fact objectives.

Objective Analysis Specific Problem Specific Objective Cause 1 Cause 2 Cause 3 Effect 1 Effect 2 Result 1 Result 2 Result 3 Overall objective 1 Overall objective 2 Specific Problem Cause 1 Cause 2 Cause 3 Effect 1 Effect 2

Objective analysis SRHR indicators are improved Young Kenyans have access to SRH information and services The objective tree ASRH is consistently addressed in healthcare programmes ASRH is linked to HIV/AIDS programmes Government resources dedicated to ASRH

Objective analysis DFID Goal Purpose Outputs

Objective analysis EC Overall objectives Specific objective Results

Indicators: verifying success ► Indicators allow you to understand whether the intervention has been successful or is on-track. ► Indicators describe the project’s objectives/results in operationally measurable terms. ► Indicators are the basis for the project’s monitoring & evaluation system. Q: « How would we know whether or not what has been planned is actually happening or happened? How do we verify success? » Indicators ► Indicators should be independent of each other. Each one relating to one objective or result. ► Often it is necessary to establish several indicators. One indicator can provide quantitative info & the other qualitative. ► However: not too many indicators! Guiding principle: collect the minimum amount of info Tips

Indicators: verifying success ► How should the information be collected? (e.g. from administrative records, special studies, sample surveys, observation… ) ► Who should collect the information? (e.g. field extension workers, survey teams, the district health office, the project management team) ► When/how regularly should it be provided. (e.g. monthly, quarterly, annually, …) Sources of verification ► Avoid the creation of parallel information systems, minimize additional costs, ► See if the required information can be collected through existing systems, such as: ► Bureau of Statistics, local research agencies, donor and business reports ► Civil society organizations, local government agencies and other service delivery agencies Tips

Indicators: verifying success Specific to the objective it is supposed to measure. Measurable Achievable Relevant to the information needs of managers Time-bound – so we know when we can expect the objective to be achieved Indicators should be SMART

Logframe The logframe is the summary of the project Project Description Intervention Logic Objectively Verifiable Indicators Means and Sources of Verification Assumptions Overall objective(s) Specific objective Results Activities Means Costs

Logframe Specific Problem Specific Objective Overall objectives Specific objective Results Activities Indicators Indicators Indicators Verification sources Verification sources Verification sources Assumptions Means Costs Cause 1 Cause 2 Cause 3 Effect 1 Effect 2 Result 1 Result 2 Result 3 Overall objective 1 Overall objective 2 Activities 1 Activities 2 Activities 3 Specific Problem Cause 1 Cause 2 Cause 3 Effect 1 Effect 2

Logframe Part of the project for which WE are RESPONSIBLE Project Description Indicators Verification sources Assumptions Overall objectives Specific objective Results Activities Means Costs

Logframe Shows how we CONTRIBUTE to international/ Eur./ nat. development efforts Project Description Indicators Verification sources Assumptions Overall objectives Specific objective Results Activities Means Costs

Logframe Shows which external factors outside our influence Have a positive impact on the project Project Description Indicators Verification sources Assumptions Overall objectives Specific objective Results Activities Means Costs

Logframe Specific Problem Specific Objective Overall objectives Specific objective Results Activities Indicators Indicators Indicators Verification sources Verification sources Verification sources Assumptions Means Costs Cause 1 Cause 2 Cause 3 Effect 1 Effect 2 Result 1 Result 2 Result 3 Overall objective 1 Overall objective 2 Activities 1 Activities 2 Activities 3 Concept note 1 Relevance of the action 2 Description of the action and its effectiveness 3 Sustainability of the action Full Application Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxx Xxxx xxx Specific Problem Cause 1 Cause 2 Cause 3 Effect 1 Effect 2 Annex B.1: Budget Annex B.2: Financ. sources

Proposal writing resource the logframe approach

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