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Many relationship questions deal with TWO VARIABLES:
• What is the relationship between:
– gender and driving speed (TWO variables)
– age and amount of time spent on the internet (TWO variables)
– height and weight (TWO variables)
In other cases, relationship questions deal with THREE OR MORE
VARIABLES:
• To what degree does:
– gender and age predict driving speed (THREE variables)
– faculty tenure, number of publications, and teaching ratings influence
faculty salary (FOUR variables)
Note – in some cases one of the variables is what’s called a covariate. If that is the case
the covariate variable is not counted as a variable because it’s effect will be eliminated.
You can tell a problem has a covariate if you see the words “eliminate the effect of”,
“hold constant”, “partial out the effect of”, etc.

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Quick reminder two or more variables

  • 1. Many relationship questions deal with TWO VARIABLES: • What is the relationship between: – gender and driving speed (TWO variables) – age and amount of time spent on the internet (TWO variables) – height and weight (TWO variables) In other cases, relationship questions deal with THREE OR MORE VARIABLES: • To what degree does: – gender and age predict driving speed (THREE variables) – faculty tenure, number of publications, and teaching ratings influence faculty salary (FOUR variables) Note – in some cases one of the variables is what’s called a covariate. If that is the case the covariate variable is not counted as a variable because it’s effect will be eliminated. You can tell a problem has a covariate if you see the words “eliminate the effect of”, “hold constant”, “partial out the effect of”, etc.