Relative clause from scratch
1 like619 views
This document discusses relative clauses and how they are used to modify nouns by adding additional information to a sentence. A relative clause includes a relative pronoun like who, whom, that, which, when or where and a clause or predicate. Relative clauses can be defining, which provide essential information about the noun, or non-defining, which provide extra information set off by commas. The document provides examples of different types of relative clauses and how they are structured.
![MODIFIER
What if...an adjective is not
enough?
For example, you want to
mention that Malee lives next
door to you
Can you find an adjective to
describe that? [I guess not]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/relativeclausefromscratch-130706003313-phpapp01/85/Relative-clause-from-scratch-4-320.jpg)
![RELATIVE CLAUSE
That’s when a relative clause comes in
handy
A relative clause is used to modify a
noun
Let’s go back to our lovely Malee
I want to mention that Malee lives next
door to me [= she is my neighbor]
I want to put that piece of information
in the same sentence](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/relativeclausefromscratch-130706003313-phpapp01/85/Relative-clause-from-scratch-5-320.jpg)
![RELATIVE PRONOUN
WHO
Is used when you need a subject in the
relative clause
Malee has a kitten. [main clause]
Malee lives next door to me. [you want to
add this information]
You change the 2nd sentence into a
relative clause by substituting Malee
with “WHO”](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/relativeclausefromscratch-130706003313-phpapp01/85/Relative-clause-from-scratch-9-320.jpg)
![WHICH
Look at these 2 simple sentences
Charming can understand human
language. [main clause]
Charming is friendly, smart, and cuddly.
[you want to add this piece of
information about Charming]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/relativeclausefromscratch-130706003313-phpapp01/85/Relative-clause-from-scratch-11-320.jpg)
![WHOSE
Kitty loves Daniel.[main clause]
Kitty’s kitten understands human
language.[add more information about
Kitty]
Kitty, whose kitten understands human
language, loves Daniel.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/relativeclausefromscratch-130706003313-phpapp01/85/Relative-clause-from-scratch-14-320.jpg)
Relative clause from scratch
- 1. RELATIVE CLAUSE LET’S START FROM SCRATCH
- 2. A SIMPLE SENTENCE Look at this sentence Malee has a kitten. It’s a regular simple sentence
- 3. MODIFIER What if you want to put additional information to “Malee”? Normally, you use an adjective to modify a noun The lovely Malee has a kitten.
- 4. MODIFIER What if...an adjective is not enough? For example, you want to mention that Malee lives next door to you Can you find an adjective to describe that? [I guess not]
- 5. RELATIVE CLAUSE That’s when a relative clause comes in handy A relative clause is used to modify a noun Let’s go back to our lovely Malee I want to mention that Malee lives next door to me [= she is my neighbor] I want to put that piece of information in the same sentence
- 6. RELATIVE CLAUSE Malee has a kitten. The lovely Malee has a kitten. The lovely Malee has a kitten. ,who lives next door to me,
- 7. FROM SIMPLE TO COMPLEX SENTENCE Here, you put additional piece of information to the same sentence The lovely Malee has a kitten. That clause in the pink bubble is called RELATIVE CLAUSE ,who lives next door to me,
- 8. HOW TO Now that you know what a relative clause is for Let’ study its composition To write a correct & complete relative clause, you need A relative pronoun who, whom,that, which, when, where A clause or a predicate
- 9. RELATIVE PRONOUN WHO Is used when you need a subject in the relative clause Malee has a kitten. [main clause] Malee lives next door to me. [you want to add this information] You change the 2nd sentence into a relative clause by substituting Malee with “WHO”
- 10. WHO Malee, who lives next door to me, has a kitten. Relative clause
- 11. WHICH Look at these 2 simple sentences Charming can understand human language. [main clause] Charming is friendly, smart, and cuddly. [you want to add this piece of information about Charming]
- 12. WHICH To change the 2nd sentence into a relative clause, use WHICH because Charming is a kitten, not human Charming, which is friendly, smart, and cuddly, can understand human language.
- 13. WHOSE Is used to express possession of the noun it modifies and an item
- 14. WHOSE Kitty loves Daniel.[main clause] Kitty’s kitten understands human language.[add more information about Kitty] Kitty, whose kitten understands human language, loves Daniel.
- 15. ADJACENT A relative clause must be placed right after the noun it modifies Charming is a member of Sanrio Club, which is a cat. >>wrong Charming is a member of Sanrio Club, which helps promote goodwill around the world. >>correct
- 16. DEFINING VS NON-DEFINING WHAT’S THE DIFFERENCE?
- 17. DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSE Give essential information about a noun it modifies A botanist is a scientist who studies plants. Use an identifying relative clause in definitions Environmentalists are people who care about the environment.
- 18. NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSE Give extra information about a noun. The information is not essential. Messi, who scored a hat trick against Real Madrid, received the Best Player award. Separate the clause between commas