Research methodology theory chapt. 1- kotthari
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This document provides an introduction and overview of research methodology. It discusses what research is, the objectives of research methodology, and the importance and significance of research in management. It also outlines some key aspects of research methodology, including marketing research, making government policy, operational research, motivational research, and its scope. The document aims to give the reader a high-level understanding of the key concepts and components of research methodology.
Research methodology theory chapt. 1- kotthari
- 1. Research Methodology Unit No. 1
- 2. Index 1. Introduction to “Research” and “Research methodology”? 2. What is “Research”? 3. Objectives of Research Methodology? 4. Importance of Research in Management? 5. Significance of Research in Management? 6. Scope of Research Methodology? 7. Bibliography….
- 3. Introduction Research implies the study & exploring knowledge to get the new ideas. Research methodology is a way of solving the research problem systematically. Research Method & Research Methodology, these are two different but related terms. Research Method is a part of Research methodology. The research design depends upon some common design questions like what to study, why to study, where to study & what type of data is required. The need is to follow the systematic step-by-step approach to solve a research problem. Research Research in common parlance refers to a search for knowledge. Once can also define research as a scientific and systematic search for pertinent information on a specific topic. In fact, research is an art of scientific investigation. According to “Clifford Woody” research comprises defining and redefining problems, formulating hypothesis or suggested solutions; collecting, organizing and evaluating data; making deductions and reaching conclusions; and at last carefully testing the conclusions to determine whether they fit the formulating hypothesis. The term „research‟ refers to the systematic method consisting of enunciating the problem, formulating a hypothesis, collecting the facts or data, analyzing the facts and reaching certain conclusions either in the form of solutions(s) towards the concerned problem or in certain generalizations for some theoretical formulation. Objectives
- 4. The purpose of research is to discover answers to questions through the application of scientific procedures. The main aim of research is to find out the truth which is hidden and which has not been discovered as yet. To gain familiarity with a phenomenon or to achieve new insights into it (studies with this object in view are termed as exploratory or formulative research studies); To portray accurately the characteristics of a particular individual, situation or a group (studies with this object in view are known as descriptive research studies); To determine the frequency with which something occurs or with which it is associated with something else (studies with this object in view are known as diagnostic research studies); To test a hypothesis of a causal relationship between variables (such studies are known as hypothesis-testing research studies). Importance of Research Some important avenues for research are: Research on existing theories and concepts help us identify the range and applications of them. It is the fountain of knowledge and provides guide-lines for solving problems.
- 5. Provides basis for many government policies. For example, research on the needs and desires of the people and on the availability of revenues to me e t t h e n e e d s h e l p s a g o v e r n me n t t o p r e p a r e a budget. It is important in industry and business for higher gain and productivity and to improve the quality of products. Mathematical and logical research on business and industry optimizes the problems in them. It leads to the identification and characterization of new materials, new living things, new stars, etc. Only through research can inventions be made; for example, new and novel phenomena and processes such as superconductivity and cloning have been discovered only through research Social research helps find answers to social problems. They explain social phenomena and seek solution to social problems. Significance of Research in Management Research inculcates scientific and inductive thinking and it promotes the development of logical habits of thinking and organization. The role of research in several fields of applied economics, whether related to business or to the economy as a whole, has greatly increased in modern times Research provides the basis for nearly all government policies in our economic system
- 6. Research has its special significance in solving various operational and planning problems of business and industry Research is equally important for social scientists in studying social relationships and in seeking answers to various social problems In addition to what has been stated above, the significance of research can also be understood keeping in view the following points: To those students who are to write a master‟s or Ph.D. thesis, research may mean a careerism or a way to attain a high position in the social structure; To professionals in research methodology, research may mean a source of livelihood; To philosophers and thinkers, research may mean the outlet for new ideas and insights; To literary men and women, research may mean the development of new styles and creative work; To analysts and intellectuals, research may mean the generalizations of new theories. Thus, research is the fountain of knowledge for the sake of knowledge and an important source of providing guidelines for solving different business, governmental and social problems. It is a sort of formal training which enables one to understand the new developments in one‟s field in a better way.
- 7. Scope of Research Methodology The scopes of research methodology are as follows:- 1. Marketing research: The process of gathering, analyzing and interpreting information about a market, about a product or service to be offered for sale in that market, and about the past, present and potential customers for the product or service; research into the characteristics, spending habits, location and needs of your business's target market, the industry as a whole, and the particular competitors you face 2. For making government policy 3. Operational research: It is a scientific method of providing executive departments with a quantitative basis for decisions regarding the operations under their control – Morse & Kimball 4. Motivational research: The application of the knowledge and techniques of the social sciences, especially psychology and sociology, to understanding consumer attitudes and behavior: used as a guide in advertising and marketing. 5. Stimulation research Bibliography Research Methodology- Methods and Techniques, C.R. Kothari