RT15 Berkeley | Power Grid Simulation and Beyond at PNNL
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- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory develops advanced simulation tools and test facilities to help analyze and experiment with the power grid in a "virtual" environment. This includes tools for power flow analysis, state estimation, markets and other applications. - PNNL has various simulation platforms and tools, along with high performance computing capabilities and test facilities like lab homes and a control center, that can be used to test new technologies and analyze the power grid without disrupting real operations. - PNNL is working to develop large, open source test power flow cases and dynamic simulation cases to help benchmark solver tools and analyze the grid at high levels of geographic and time-series detail not previously possible.
RT15 Berkeley | Power Grid Simulation and Beyond at PNNL
- 1. Power Grid Simulation and Beyond at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Mallikarjuna R. Vallem Senior Research Engineer Advanced Grid Analytics and Renewable Integration Pacific Northwest National Laboratory 902 Battelle Boulevard P.O. Box 999, MSIN K1-85 Richland, WA 99352 USA Tel: 509-375-2895 Mallikarjuna.Vallem@pnnl.gov
- 2. Applications Evolution of power system tools 2 Manual calculation Manual simulation EMS (operation) PSLF, PSS/E etc. (planning) OPF Market Clearing … Power flow Short circuits System stability ???? <10 buses Power flow Short circuit 100 buses 10,000s buses >10,000s buses Analogue simulation Digital simulation High performance simulation Hardware in the loop testing Analog computer Digital computer HPC, Real-time simulators
- 3. 3 Chemical Experiment Circuit Experiment Automotive Experiment Power Grid Experiment? There is no “real” experiment on the power grid. “Virtual” power systems can aid real-time experiments. Need for real-time power system testbeds. Need for “virtual” power systems and simulation capabilities 3
- 4. Overview of power system operation Power Grid Generators Transmission/ Distribution Markets End users Ref: http://brandng.com/ C o m m s SCADA master Database curation Historian Applications • Power flow • State estimation • Bad Data Detection • Automatic Generation Control • Optimal Powerflow • Markets • Unit commitment • Dispatch Energy management system Visual Analytics Operator control/ Decision support 4
- 5. ‘Virtual’ power grid for advanced simulation and analysis Applications • Power flow • State estimation • Bad Data Detection • Automatic Generation Control • Optimal Powerflow • Markets • Unit commitment • Dispatch SCADA/ EMS Database curation Historian Operator control/ Decision support Visual Analytics Virtual Power Grid Generators Transmission/ Distribution Markets End users Hardware devices Hardware devices Hardware devices Comms Comms C o m m s C o m m s 5
- 6. • Distribution simulator, repository of controllers, networks, devices and end use models • Co-simulation framework to run synchronize and share data between many simulators • Network emulator for power grid applications • Flexible control platform for power grid devices • HPC solver for advanced power system applications • Data management and advanced visualization tools Bridging the gaps: PNNL developed tools for grid analytics 6 GridLAB-DTM PowerNET VOLTTRONTM FNCS Advanced visual analytics GridPACKTM PNNL developed tools and platforms
- 7. Scope of PNNL developed tools power system simulation SCADA Database curation Historian Applications Power flow State estimation Cyber security/BDD AGC OPF Markets Unit commitment Dispatch . . . Operator control/ Decision support Visual Analytics Virtual Power Grid Generators Transmission /Distribution Markets End users Hardware devices Hardware devices Hardware devices Comms Comms C o m m s C o m m s GridPACKTM GridLAB-DTM PowerNET GridPACKTM, GridLAB-DTM M-DART Advanced visual analytics FNCS VOLTTRONTM V O L T T R O N T M V O L T T R O N T M PNNL tools footprint 7
- 8. State of the art PNNL test facilities 8 Electricity Infrastructure Operations Center (EIOC) Fully capable control center Brings together industry-leading software, real time data and advanced computation capabilities Safe test facility for grid research PNNL Institutional Computing (PIC) Computing cluster for HPC applications Ranked 179 on top 500 supercomputers in June 2012 In-house and competitive access to PNNL HPC requirements
- 9. State of the art PNNL test facilities (contd.) 9 Lab homes Building technologies test facility Fully equipped and functional homes Separate baseline and experimental homes for testing advanced technologies EV charging and smart appliances
- 10. State of the art PNNL test facilities (contd.) 10 PowerNET test bed Cyber-physical and network emulation test bed Dynamically configurable Web GUI with drag-and-drop network configuration Wide scale federated testing and understand associated management and security concerns Hosts infrastructure such as Synchrophasors SCADA equipment SCADA/Energy Management System Opal-RT HIL system
- 11. PowerNET demo: Testing cyber-attack vulnerabilities on power systems 11
- 12. Developing power system test cases for HPC applications State-of-the-art: Large network cases like western or eastern interconnection cases available but not open source Open source cases are obtained by stitching many smaller systems artificially to create large cases Our approach: System expansion based on planning, engineering and best-practice understanding Attempt to preserve realistic nature of the power system Power flow case development: Largest size: 766,000 bus (transmission) Tested with GridPACKTM and MATPOWER 12
- 13. Dynamic simulation case development under progress: Development of open source large scale (30000 buses) power system cases for dynamic simulation Benchmarking ePHASORsim solver accuracy and performance against other commercial (PSS/E and TSAT) and research grade (GridPACKTM) dynamic simulation solvers Funded by Opal-RT technologies Open source sample network and dynamic data extracted from Alberta ISO cases (source: http://www.aeso.ca/transmission/261.html) 13 Developing power system test cases for HPC applications (contd.)
- 14. Questions???