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Search Patterns: Design for DiscoveryPeter MorvilleOctober 6, 2011
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5in•for•ma•tionar•chi•tec•turen.The structural design of shared information environments.
The combination of organization, labeling, search, and navigation systems in web sites and intranets.
The art and science of shaping information products and experiences to support usability and findability.
An emerging discipline and community of practice focused on bringing principles of design and architecture to the digital landscape.6
7“Search is among the most disruptive innovations of our time. It influences what we buy and where we go. It shapes how we learn and what we believe.”Illustrated by Jeff Callender, Q LTD
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9Marcia Bates: Berrypicking, Evolving Search (1989)
10Search is a…Complex, Adaptive SystemSource: Search Patterns (2010)
Principles of DesignIncremental ConstructionProgressive DisclosureImmediate ResponsePredictabilityAlternate ViewsRecognition Over RecallMinimal DisruptionDirect ManipulationContext of Use11
12Incremental Construction		Progressive Disclosureone step at a time…			more within reach…
13Immediate Response		Predictabilityflow requires feedback…		feed-forward features and results…
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15Realtime Search
16Mobile Search
17There is one timeless way of building.	It is thousands of years old, and the same today as it has always been.	The great traditional buildings of the past, the villages and tents and temples in which man feels at home, have always been made by people who were very close to the center of this way.	It is not possible to make great buildings, or great towns, beautiful places, places where you feel yourself, places where you feel alive, except by following this way.	And, as you will see, this way will lead anyone who looks for it to buildings which are themselves as ancient in      their form, as the trees and hills,              and as our faces are.The Timeless Way of Building	Christopher Alexander
18Window Place (180)	Everybody loves window seats, bay windows, and big windows with low sills and comfortable chairs drawn up to them.May be part of:• Entrance Room(130)• Zen View(134)• Light on Two Sides(159)• Street Windows(164)May contain:• Alcoves(179)• Low Sill(222)• Built-In Seats(202)• Deep Reveals(223)A Pattern Language	Christopher Alexander et al.
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20Behavior Patterns
21Design Patterns
22Because typing (and typos) take time.
23Auto-CompleteAuto-Suggest
24In search, results must be simple, fast, and relevant.
2543%15%10%5%Source: Marti Hearst’s Search User Interfaces (2009)
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28Because users don’t know where to look.
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30Multiple ways to search (and browse) in combination.
31"laptop"  >  $910 - $1070  >  Hewlett Packard  >  At least 1 GB  >  14 - 15 Inch  >  Bluetooth  >  4 - 5 lbs
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35The Library of Congress“To further the progress of knowledge and creativity.”.
FragmentationFragmentation into multiple sites, domains, and identities is clearly a major problem. Users don’t know which site to visit for which purpose.FindabilityUsers can’t find what they need from the home page, but most users don’t come through the front door. They enter via a web search or a deep link, and are confused by what they find. Even worse, most never use the Library, because its resources aren’t easily findable.
37Visual Thinking   Unwritten Rule #1 “Whoever best describes a problem is the person most likely to solve the problem.…or, whoever draws the best picture gets the funding.”
38Web StrategyOne LibraryCore AreasNetwork Intelligence
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40WireframesInterfacesPortal
Search
Object
Set
PageCaveatsVisual Design
Starting Point41
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46Modes of Information SeekingMarcia Bates, UCLA (2002)“We absorb perhaps 80 percent of all our knowledge through    simply being aware in our social context and physical environment.”
47Redefining Search
48Question Answering
49Decision Making
50Understanding
51Pattern Recognition
52What We Search
53How We Search
54find·a·bil·i·tyn	The quality of being locatable or navigable.	The degree to which an object is easy to discover or locate.	The degree to which a system or environment supports wayfinding, navigation, and retrieval.am·bi·entadj	Surrounding; encircling; enveloping (e.g., ambient air)the ability to find anyone or anything from anywhere at anytime
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56“Information is blurring the lines between products and services to create multi-channel, cross-platform, trans-media, physico-digital user experiences.” Peter Morville“People keep pretending they can make things deeply hierarchical, categorizable, and sequential when they can’t. Everything is deeply intertwingled.” Ted Nelson
57World’s Best Information ArchitectSource: Subject to Change (2008)
Search Patterns: UX Russia
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60DesktopMobileKiosk
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62“After a half-hour, a three-tone alert sounds…If the bottle still has not been opened, the system makes an automated reminder phone call to the patient or a caregiver. The GlowCap system compiles adherence data which anyone can be authorized to track. That way the doctor can make sure Gramps stays on his meds.”

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Search Patterns: UX Russia