Selecting an operating system
- 1. Saeed AlSawad Grade 10 A.B
- 2. What Is an OS? he operating system is the most important program that runs on a computer. Every computer must have an operating system to run other programs.
- 3. What Is a Kernel? the kernel is a computer program that manages input/output requests from software, and translates them into data processing instructions for the central processing unit and other electronic components of a computer.
- 4. Graphical user interfaces A graphical user interface (GUI) is an improvement on a text-mode shell, at least from the perspective of a beginning user
- 5. Utility programs Modern OSs invariably ship with a wide variety of simple utility programs calculators, calendars, text editors, disk maintenance tools, and so on. These programs differ from one OS to another.
- 6. Libraries they provide critical services to programs. Libraries are collections of programming functions that can be used by a variety of programs.
- 7. Productivity programs Major productivity programs Web browsers, word processors, graphics editors, and so on are the usual reason for using a computer
- 8. Program launchers You can launch programs by selecting them from menus or lists. Typically, one or more menus exist along the top, bottom, or side of the screen
- 9. File managers Linux provides GUI file managers similar to those in Windows or Mac OS X.
- 10. Window controls You can move windows by clicking and dragging their title bars, resize them by clicking and dragging their edges, and so on.
- 11. Multiple desktops Most Linux desktop environments enable you to keep multiple virtual desktops active, each with its own set of programs. This feature is very handy to keep the screen uncluttered while you run many programs simultaneously.
- 12. Logout options You can log out of your Linux session, which enables you to shut down the computer or let another user log in.
- 13. Comparing Linux to Unix If you were to attempt to draw a “family tree” of OSs, you would end up scratching your head a lot. This is because OS designers often mimic each other’s features, and sometimes even incorporate each other’s code into their OSs’ workings.
- 14. The Linux kernel The Linux kernel was designed to be compatible with other Unix kernels, in the sense that it used the same software interfaces in source code.
- 15. The GNU project The GNU’s Not Unix (GNU) project is an effort by the Free Software Foundation (FSF) to develop open source replacements for all the core elements of a Unix OS
- 16. Desktop environments GNOME, KDE, Xfce, and other popular open source desktop environments have largely displaced commercial desktop environments even on commercial versions of Unix.
- 17. Server programs Historically, Unix and Linux have been popular as server Oss organizations use them to run Web servers, e-mail servers, file servers, and so on.
- 18. User productivity programs In this realm, as in server programs, Linux runs the same software as do other Unix-like OSs. In a few cases, Linux runs more programs, or runs them better.
- 19. 5 Linux Command cp rm mv cat help
- 20. Information I got the information from the “cyber Linux essentials” book