Operatimg system basics
- 1. McGraw-Hill Technology Education Copyright © 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
- 3. Functions of Operating Systems Provide a user interface Run programs Manage hardware devices Organized file storage 7A-
- 4. Types of Operating Systems Real-time operating system Very fast small OS Built into a device Respond quickly to user input MP3 players, Medical devices
- 5. Types of Operating Systems Single user/Single tasking OS One user works on the system Performs one task at a time MS-DOS and Palm OS Take up little space on disk Run on inexpensive computers
- 6. Types of Operating Systems Single user/Multitasking OS User performs many tasks at once Most common form of OS Windows XP and OS X Require expensive computers Tend to be complex
- 7. Types of Operating Systems Multi user/Multitasking OS Many users connect to one computer Each user has a unique session UNIX, Linux, and VMS Maintenance can be easy Requires a powerful computer
- 8. Multi user/Multi tasking OS
- 9. Providing a User Interface User interface How a user interacts with a computer Require different skill sets
- 10. Providing a User Interface Graphical user interface (GUI) Most common interface Windows, OS X, Gnome, KDE Uses a mouse to control objects Uses a desktop metaphor Shortcuts open programs or documents Open documents have additional objects Task switching Dialog boxes allow directed input
- 12. Providing a User Interface Command line interfaces Older interface DOS, Linux, UNIX User types commands at a prompt User must remember all commands Included in all GUIs
- 14. Running Programs Many different applications supported System call Provides consistent access to OS features Share information between programs Copy and paste Object Linking and Embedding
- 15. Managing Hardware Programs need to access hardware Interrupts CPU is stopped Hardware device is accessed Device drivers control the hardware
- 16. Organizing Files and Folders Organized storage Long file names Folders can be created and nested All storage devices work consistently
- 17. Enhancing an OS Utilities Provide services not included with OS Goes beyond the four functions Firewall, anti-virus and compression Prices vary
- 18. Enhancing an OS Backup software Archives files onto removable media Ensures data integrity Most OS include a backup package Many third party packages exist
- 19. Backup Software
- 20. Enhancing an OS Anti-virus software Crucial utility Finds, blocks and removes viruses Must be updated regularly McAfee and Norton Anti-Virus
- 21. Enhancing an OS Firewall Crucial utility Protects your computer from intruders Makes computer invisible to hackers Zone Labs is a home firewall Cisco sells hardware firewalls
- 22. Enhancing an OS Intrusion detection Often part of a firewall package Announces attempts to breach security Snort is a Linux based package
- 23. Enhancing an OS Screen savers Crucial utility for command line systems Prevents burn in Merely fun for GUI systems Screen saver decorates idle screens
- 24. Chapter 7A End of Chapter
Editor's Notes
- #4: Teaching Tip File and folder storage is covered in chapter 6.
- #7: Teaching tip It is true that multi-tasking operating systems are complex. However both XP and OS X make the multitasking process painless for the user.
- #8: Teaching tip Multi-user Multitasking OS's are found on supercomputers, mainframes and minicomputers. Through Linux, a PC can also support user sessions and terminal connections.
- #11: Insider information The first commercial GUI was the Xerox Star. Teaching Tip There are several types of dialog boxes. Any errors are displayed in a dialog box. This box is system modal - it requires a response before returning to the OS. Save and print boxes are application modal - The box must be dealt with before returning to the application. However, other OS tasks can be performed.
- #13: Teaching tip Demonstrate the command line interface in Windows by running cmd. In the command line interface use ping and ipconfig as commands that cannot be run in the GUI.
- #15: Teaching tip Most students have never encountered a link. I use MS Excel and MS Word to link. Create and save a simple spreadsheet in Excel. Copy the spreadsheet to the clipboard. Open MS Word and paste-link the spreadsheet. Save the MS Word document. Then change and save the spreadsheet in Excel. The word document is automatically updated.
- #16: Discussion point The mouse uses an interrupt. Many users will move the mouse while waiting for the CPU to finish a task. What does moving the mouse do to the current process? Teaching tip Discuss what can happen when the wrong driver is installed on a computer.
- #18: Discussion point With Windows XP and SP2, Microsoft has included a firewall and pop-up blocker both typically considered utility software. In the near future, the core services provided by an OS may include security features.
- #22: Teaching tip Windows XP includes a firewall. Service pack 2 will turn this firewall on by default. To test your computer’s security visit www.grc.com and run the various Shields Up! tests