Sensor networks
23 likes5,786 views
1) The document discusses sensor networks and their applications, challenges, and companies involved. It covers topics such as sensor network architectures, communication technologies, routing techniques, applications in various domains like energy, logistics, environment, buildings, transportation, health, and industry. 2) Key challenges discussed are efficient energy harvesting, security and privacy, hardware constraints, and interoperability. Many companies are working in areas like smart metering, logistics tracking, environmental monitoring, building automation, traffic management, healthcare, and industrial processes. 3) Future trends discussed include nanotechnology, standardization, and connecting sensor networks to the larger Internet of Things.
![Moltes gràcies! [email_address] Questions? [email_address]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/block2mpwirelesssensornetworksvabertis-110228095137-phpapp01/85/Sensor-networks-45-320.jpg)
Sensor networks
- 1. Smart Cities Wireless sensor networks Marc Pous, Researcher Jornades Abertis, BDigital, 2011
- 2. Motivation Sensor networks Applications and companies Future challenges of 45
- 3. Motivation Elements of a sensor network Trends in sensor networks Overview challenges Sensor networks Applications and companies Future challenges of 45
- 4. Source: Fabien Girardin and Josep Blat of 45
- 5. In 2008, 50% of the world population lived in cities. By 2012, M2M communication will be 20% of the non-video Internet traffic. IPv6 Passive Interactive Deferred Real-time Object Service Trends in sensor networks of 45
- 6. Energy harvesting Hardware constraints Security and privacy Interoperability (data and communications) Overview challenges of 45
- 7. Sensor networks of 45
- 8. Motivation Sensor networks Sensor node architecture Sensor networks topologies Sensor networks communication technologies Sensor networks routing techniques Sensor networks data Applications and companies Future challenges of 45
- 9. A sensor network is a system of one or more sensors that detect, collect and possibly respond to things or events. Large number of sensor nodes, which are densely deployed either inside the phenomenon or very close to it. Inter-connected sensor nodes exchanging sensed data by wired or wireless processing. Sensor network architecture of 45
- 10. A sensor node integrates one or more sensors or actuators , a processor , a communication unit , a power supply and management unit. Sensor node architecture Source: Wireless Sensor Networks by Thomas Watteyene of 45
- 11. Motes A very low cost low power computer Nanotechnology A Radio Link to the outside world Are the building blocks of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) The most popular motes probably are: Mica2 MicaZ TelosB Sensor node architecture of 45
- 12. Operating systems Sensor node architecture of 45 Operating system Sensor node supported platform TinyOS Btnode, Imote, Iris, Mica, Mica2, MicaZ, SenseNode, TelosB, T-Mote Sky, Shimmer Contiki T-Mote Sky, TelosB, MSP430 MCU Mantis OS Mica2, MicaZ, Nymph, TelosB SOS T-Mote Sky, Mica2, MicaZ, TelosB, Cricket Microsoft .NET Micro Imote 2.0
- 13. Network routing is the process of selecting a path for the relaying of a message from a source device to the intended destination. WSN topology Star topology Tree topology Mesh topology Sensor networks topologies of 45
- 14. Sensor networks routing techniques Routing protocols Flat routing Hierachical routing Geographic routing Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) Ad-hoc On- demand Distance Vector (AODV) IETF Routing Over Low power and Lossy Networks (ROLL) IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low power and Lossy Networks (RPL) of 45
- 15. Sensor networks communication technologies of 45 Bluetooth ZigBee 6LoWPAN Range 10-100 m 10-75 m 10-75 m Owner Bluetooth SIG ZigBee Alliance IETF Application sectors Mobile device interconnectivity PC peripheral connectivity file transfer (OBEX) remote control health care Sensor networks access control home automation Sensor networks Access control home automation
- 16. Sensor networks communication technologies Communication technologies interoperability Profiles ZigBee Elster Demonstrates ZigBee Interoperability with Smart Energy profile Bluetooth Low Energy Trends Protocol translation gateways Benefits of IPv6 The Z-Wave Alliance announced the Z/IP program to drive convergence of Z-Wave and TCP/IP (2007) The ZigBee Alliance and IPSO Alliance Collaborate on ZigBee IP and ZigBee Smart Energy 2.0 (2009-2010) of 45
- 17. Web of Things Sensor networks data Source: Vlad Trifa and Dominique Guinard of 45
- 18. XML Binary XML (BXML) Efficient XML Interchange (EXI) Extended Environments Markup Language (EEML) Describes sensors data collected in a structured form SensorML Provides metadata describing sensors, sensor platforms, sensor tasking interfaces as sensor generated data Harmonization of Sensor Standards WG Sensor ontology including IEEE 1451, ANSI N42.42 and CBRN data model, among others Sensor networks data of 45
- 19. Pachube Sensor networks data Source: Pachube of 45
- 20. Applications and companies involved in sensor networks of 45
- 21. Motivation Sensor networks Applications and companies Energy monitoring Logistics Environmental monitoring Public spaces management Intelligent buildings Traffic control and public transportation Health and personal assistance care monitoring Industrial processes Future challenges of 45
- 22. Applications of sensor networks 1/8 Energy monitoring of 45 Application What can be sensed? Companies Comments Smart metering Electricity Gas Water Landis Gyr (CH), Itron (UK), Echelon (US), Coronis/Elster (FR, US), Millenial Net (US), Libelium (ES), Sentilla (US), Ember (US), Sensus (US ) American model vs European model ZigBee PLC Pipe leakage detection and tank or silos level management Oil Water Landis Gyr (CH), Vögtlin (CH), Honeywell (US), Coronis/Elster (FR, US), Sensus (US) BP North Sea platform 2004 ZigBee
- 23. Coronis / Elster Coronis is the creator of Wavenis® Major markets: smart metering, home comfort, alarms, home healthcare, industrial automation, centralized building management 5M of Wavenis-enabled products deployed worldwide in 2010 Companies in sensor networks of 45
- 24. Applications of sensor networks 2/8 Logistics of 45 Application What can be sensed? Companies Comments Control of the state of the merchandise Temperature Humidity etc. Vibration Position (GPS) Crossbow (US), Tiny Node (CH), Libelium (ES), WorldSensing (ES) Localization of merchandise and transportation tracking GeoPosition Barcodes/RFID Digi (US), Libelium (ES), GMV (ES), Ubisense Harbors container management RFID ZigBee
- 25. Digi International Founded in 1985, in United States. Major markets: Monitoring and management of renewable energy Wireless tank monitoring and management Tracking and monitoring of mobile assets Companies in sensor networks of 45
- 26. Environmental monitoring Applications of sensor networks 3/8 of 45 Application What can be sensed? Companies Comments Weather stations Temperature Humidity Atmospheric pressure Light intensity CO2 detector Crossbow (US), Arch Rock (Cisco), Urbiotica (ES) Emissions from farms, chemical and industrial processes Forest fires Agriculture Soil moisture Fruit diameter Leaf wetness Crossbow (US), E-Senza (UK), Libelium (ES), IRIS (ES) Vineyards Marine Temperature Presence of bacteries Sea level MantraCourt (UK), Honeywell (US)
- 27. Crossbow Created in 1995, in California Major markets: Environmental systems and agriculture Logistics Monitors energy Companies in sensor networks of XX
- 28. Public spaces management Applications of sensor networks 4/8 of 45 Application What can be sensed? Companies Comments Structural monitoring Vibrations Displacement detection Temperature MantraCourt (UK) San Francisco bridge Garbage collection Container emptiness GeoPosition WorldSensing (ES) Route planner Street light systems Presence detection Energy consumption Philips (NE), Echelon (US)
- 29. Echelon Created in 1988, in United States Major markets: Building automation (LonWorks) Street lighting Industrial automation Transportation automation Companies in sensor networks of XX
- 30. Intelligent buildings Applications of sensor networks 5/8 of 45 Application What can be sensed? Companies Comments Home automation Temperature Light detector Presence detectors Energy consumption General Electrics (US), Control4 (US), Greenwave (DK), Hai (US), Echelon (US) Building management Access controls HVAC systems Scheneider (GE), Siemens (GE), Philips (NE), enOcean (GE)
- 31. EnOcean Created in 2001, in Germany Sensor modules from EnOcean harvest tiny amounts of energy from their surroundings, enabling them to register detected values and transmit them wirelessly. Major markets: Building automation Home automation Torre Espacio de Madrid 4,200 light and blind switches http://www.enocean.com/en/torre-espacio-madrid-spain-2007/ Companies in sensor networks of 45
- 32. Transportation Applications of sensor networks 6/8 of 45 Application What can be sensed? Companies Comments Traffic monitoring Cameras GeoPosition Speed BitCarrier (ES), WorldSensing (ES), Sensys Networks (US), Nivis (US), Smartgrains (FR), Echelon (US) Traffic jams management Cameras, inductive loops, GPS, Bluetooth detectors, MEMS Toll payment RFID (presence) Urbiotica (ES) Teletac Smart parking Presence detector Streetline networks (US), World Sensing (ES), Urbiotica (ES) Inductive loops Parking payment through mobile phone
- 33. Streetline Networks Created in California Major markets: Parking monitoring and management Traffic monitoring Companies in sensor networks of 45
- 34. Health Applications of sensor networks 7/8 of 45 Application What can be sensed? Companies Comments Healthcare Blood’s pressure Temperature Sugar in blood etc. Philipps (HO), Coronis (FR), Sensinode (FI) Body sensor network Sports and fitness (wellness) Geoposition Speed Calories etc. Dynastream Innovations (CA), Nordic Semiconductor (NO) ANT Nike+ Personal care and assistance Gyroscope Accelerometer Sensing & Control (ES) Falling detector
- 35. Dynastream Innovations Created in 1998, is based in Canada. World leader in the research of inertial and wireless technology. Integrators of ANT technology into sensors. Nike products ANT was born out of the need to develop the very lowest available power solution for Nike’s foot pod to watch communication. Companies in sensor networks of 45
- 36. Industrial monitoring Applications of sensor networks 8/8 of 45 Application What can be sensed? Companies Comments Process monitoring Temperature pressure contact closure valve positioning gas detection corrosion detection Optical detector Dust Networks (US), CrossBow (US), SENSICAST(US), Arch Rock (Cisco), E-Senza (GE), Nivis (US), Honeywell (US) Quality of service Time Synchronized Mesh Protocol (TSMP) WirelessHART ISA100.11a Xmesh Sensinet Security in processes Camera Gas detector Honeywell (US) , Gastronics (US)
- 37. Honeywell Created in 1906, in United States Major markets: Metering sensors and Industrial processes Companies in sensor networks of 45
- 38. of 45 Nordic Semiconductors, Atmel Corp EnOcean Dust networks Libelium World Sensing, Sensing & Control, Urbiòtica, Streetline Crossbow Arch Rock (Cisco) Texas Instruments, Freescale Coronis/Elster Digi International
- 39. Future challenges in sensor networks of 45
- 40. Motivation Sensor networks Applications and companies Future challenges Efficient energy harvesting Security and privacy Hardware constraints Interoperability of 45
- 41. Efficient energy harvesting Lack of power during some time Consume extremely low power Future challenges of 45
- 42. Security and privacy Security Privacy Dynamic and scalable sensor networks Future challenges of 45
- 43. Hardware constraints Trends to nanotechnology Performance Low production cost Repair Monitoring and real-time control Future challenges of 45
- 44. Interoperability Standardization IP-based sensor networks and the Internet of Things Future challenges of 45
- 45. Moltes gràcies! [email_address] Questions? [email_address]