LIS 653, Session 4-A: Bibliographic Formats and MARC

MARC21 & Other
Bibliographic
Formats
LIS 653
Starr Hoffman

Library Catalog Records:
Purpose
 Surrogates for information objects
 Back to user tasks & bibliographic system
objectives…
 Find
 Identify
 Select
 Obtain/Access
 List

How it All Fits Together
Record
(bibliographic
information)
Authority control
(standardized author
name: J. R. R. Tolkien)
Format
(MARC, Dublin
Core)
Code
(rules: AACR2,
RDA)
Structure
(ISBD, XML)
Subject
headings
(LCSH, Sears, AAT)
Classification
(shelving: LC,
Dewey)
Model
(FRBR, trad.
model)
Record is displayed in an OPAC,
online database, etc.

Anatomy of a Record
descriptive elements:
• physical characteristics
• bibliographic data
labels (aka fields, tags, metadata elements…)

MARC is…
MARC = MAchine-Readable Cataloging
 MARC21 = United States
 UKMARC (UK), CANMARC (Canada)
 All use ISBD for standardization
 UNIMARC = international standard for transfer:
 MARC21 UNIMARC CANMARC

MARC is…
MARC = MAchine-Readable Cataloging
 MARC is both a:
 Catalog record format
 Encoding standard
Metadata parallel…
 Dublin Core is a:
 Record format
 That is encoded in XML

MARC record:
programmer/computer view (encoding)
01041cam 2200265 a 450000100200000000300040002000
50017000240080041000410100024000820200025001060200
04400131040001800175050002400193082001800217100003
20023524500870026724600360035425000120039026000370
04023000029004395000042004685200220005106500033007
30650001200763^###89048230#/AC/r91^DLC^19911106082
810.9^891101s1990####maua###j######000#0#eng##^##$
a###89048230#/AC/r91^##$a0316107514 :$c$12.95^##$a
0316107506 (pbk.) :$c$5.95 ($6.95 Can.)^##$aDLC$cD
LC$dDLC^00$aGV943.25$b.B74 1990^00$a796.334/2$220^
10$aBrenner, Richard J.,$d1941-^10$aMake the team.$pSoccer
:$ba heads up guide to super soccer! /$cRichard
J.Brenner.^30$aHeads up guide to super soccer.^##$a1st
ed.^##$aBoston :$bLittle, Brown,$cc1990.^##$a127 p. :$bill.
;$c19 cm.^##$a"A Sports illustrated for kids book."^##
$aInstructions for improving soccer skills. Discusses dribbling,
heading, playmaking, defense, conditioning, mental attitude,
how to handle problems with coaches, parents, and other
players, and the history of soccer.^#0$aSoccer$vJuvenile
literature.^#1$aSoccer.^

How it All Fits Together (Revised)
Record
Authority control
(standardized author
name: J. R. R. Tolkien)
(representation
of bibliographic
information)
Encoding
(MARC, XML)
Code
(rules: AACR2,
RDA)
Structure
(ISBD, XML)
Subject
headings
(LCSH, Sears, AAT)
Classification
(shelving: LC,
Dewey)
Model
(FRBR, trad.
model)
Record is displayed in an OPAC,
online database, etc.
Structure
(MARC,
Dublin Core)
FORMAT in 2 parts…

Record Formats as Containers…
the MARC bottle the Dublin Core bottle
<Identifier>47809907 </Identifier>
<Language>en</Language>
<Title>Club Kaycee</Title>
<Publisher>University of Missouri—Kansas
City</Publisher>
<Date>1996</Date>
<Source>RCA LPV-511</Source>
<Format>Internet resource</Format>
<Description>Information about the jazz
music and musicians in Kansas
City.</Description>
<Contributor>Haddix, Chuck,
author</Contributor>
<Contributor>Middleton, Scott, engineer
</Contributor>
<Relation IsPartOf>University of Missouri—
Kansas City University Libraries web
site</Relation IsPartOf>
<Subject>Jazz – Kansas City</Subject>
<Rights>University of Missouri—Kansas City,
copyright holder</Rights>
001 47809907
008 010820m1996uuuumouaco s 000 0 eng dnamIa
040 UMK|cUMK
245 00 Club Kaycee|h[computer file] :|bjazz sites &
sounds from the Sound Archives & music collections of
the Miller Nichols Library at the University of Missouri--
Kansas City.
260 Kansas City, Mo. :|bUniversity of Missouri--Kansas
City,|cc1996-
500 Title from title screen; as viewed on Aug. 20, 2001.
520 Information about the jazz music and musicians in
Kansas City.
538 Mode of access: World Wide Web via the Internet.
650 0 Jazz|zMissouri|zKansas City.
700 1 Haddix, Chuck.|4aut
710 2 University of Missouri--Kansas City.|bMarr Sound
Archives.
856 41 |zAccess University of Missouri--Kansas City Web
site|uhttp:// www.umkc.edu/orgs/kcjazz/

Some Basic MARC21 Fields
0XX: Control fields (coded information)
100: Main entry, personal name
130: Main entry, uniform title
245: Title statement
300: Physical description
440: Series statement
500: Notes field
600: Subject, personal name
650: Subject, topical
651: Subject, geographic name
7XX: Added entry fields
856: Locate/access electronic records (URL)
9XX: Fields for local use

MARC components in one field
245 tag: main title
1st indicator: title added entry needed
2nd indicator: # characters to skip (“the”)
Subfield a: title proper
245 14 $a The quality of Chinese records in the
OCLC database : $b a proposal for rule-based
validation / $c principal investigators, Edie
Rasmussen and Marcia Lei Zeng.
Subfield b: subtitle or other title information
Subfield c: statement of responsibility (authors, editors, etc)

MARC record: catalog view (display)
TITLE : Make the team. Soccer : a heads up guide to super soccer! / Richard
J. Brenner.
ADDED TITLE : Heads up guide to super soccer
AUTHOR : Brenner, Richard J., 1941-
PUBLISHED : 1st ed. Boston : Little, Brown, c1990.
MATERIAL : 127 p. : ill. ; 19 cm.
NOTE : "A Sports illustrated for kids book."
NOTE : Instructions for improving soccer skills. Discusses dribbling, heading,
playmaking, defense, conditioning, mental attitude, how to
handle problems with coaches, parents, and other players, and
the history of soccer.
SUBJECT : Soccer--Juvenile literature.
Soccer.
Copies Available : GV943.25 .B74 1990

MARC record: system (librarian) view
Leader 01041cam 2200265 a 4500
Control No. 001 ###89048230
Control No. ID 003 DLC
DTLT 005 19911106082810.9
Fixed Data 008 891101s1990
LCCN 010 ## $a ###89048230
ISBN 020 ## $a 0316107514 :
$c $12.95
ISBN 020 ## $a 0316107506 (pbk.) :
$c $5.95 ($6.95 Can.)
Cat. Source 040 ## $a DLC
$c DLC
$d DLC
LC Call No. 050 00 $a GV943.25
$b .B74 1990
Dewey No. 082 00 $a 796.334/2
$2 20
ME:Pers Name 100 1# $a Brenner, Richard J.,
$d 1941-
Title 245 10 $a Make the team.
$p Soccer :
$b a heads up guide to super soccer! /
$c Richard J. Brenner.
Variant Title 246 30 $a Heads up guide to super soccer
Edition 250 ## $a 1st ed.
Publication 260 ## $a Boston :
$b Little, Brown,
$c c1990.
Phys Desc 300 ## $a 127 p. :
$b ill. ;
$c 19 cm.
Note: General 500 ## $a "A Sports illustrated for kids book."
Note: Summary 520 ## $a Instructions for improving soccer
skills. Discusses dribbling, heading, playmaking,
defense, conditioning, mental attitude, how to
handle problems with coaches, parents, and
other players, and the history of soccer.
Subj: Topical 650 #0 $a Soccer
$v Juvenile literature.
Subj: Topical 650 #1 $a Soccer.
(Detail of record at the left)
Leader 01041cam 2200265 a 4500
Control No. 001 ###89048230
Control No. ID 003 DLC
DTLT 005 19911106082810.9
LC Call No. 050 00 $a GV943.25
$b .B74 1990
ME:Pers Name 100 1# $a Brenner, Richard J.,
$d 1941-
Title 245 10 $a Make the team.
$p Soccer :
$b a heads up…
$c Richard J. Brenner.
Variant Title 246 30 $a Heads up guide...

MARC record:
programmer/computer view (encoding)
directory
header
01041cam 2200265 a 450000100200000000300040002000
50017000240080041000410100024000820200025001060200
04400131040001800175050002400193082001800217100003
20023524500870026724600360035425000120039026000370
04023000029004395000042004685200220005106500033007
30650001200763^###89048230#/AC/r91^DLC^19911106082
810.9^891101s1990####maua###j######000#0#eng##^##$
a###89048230#/AC/r91^##$a0316107514 :$c$12.95^##$a
0316107506 (pbk.) :$c$5.95 ($6.95 Can.)^##$aDLC$cD
LC$dDLC^00$aGV943.25$b.B74 1990^00$a796.334/2$220^
10$aBrenner, Richard J.,$d1941-^10$aMake the team.$pSoccer
:$ba heads up guide to super soccer! /$cRichard
J.Brenner.^30$aHeads up guide to super soccer.^##$a1st
ed.^##$aBoston :$bLittle, Brown,$cc1990.^##$a127 p. :$bill.
;$c19 cm.^##$a"A Sports illustrated for kids book."^##
$aInstructions for improving soccer skills. Discusses dribbling,
heading, playmaking, defense, conditioning, mental attitude,
how to handle problems with coaches, parents, and other
players, and the history of soccer.^#0$aSoccer$vJuvenile
literature.^#1$aSoccer.^
MARC tags &
bibliographic
information

MARC Functionality
 Enables easy info identification
(for humans & computers)
 Enables searching specific fields
(i.e., search 100 field (author) for “Shakespeare”)
 Enables clear, standard display
 Enables record sharing

Pros & Cons of MARC
Why do we use MARC?
 Mature standard (+40 years)
Widely adopted
 Millions of shareable records
 Standard in ILS (Integrated Library Systems)
 Rich metadata
 Specific to bibliographic data

Pros & Cons of MARC
What are complaints against MARC?
 Library-specific
 Size limitations
 Can’t convey complex relationships
 Can’t embed related items
 Not interoperable
 Designed for books

MARC vs. new format…
Potential repercussions of new format:
 Existing MARC records…
 Migrate?
 Dual formats?
 New ILS needed
Potential advantages:
 Better OPACs, other tools

Future of MARC...
 RDA + MARC
 New cat. rules: RDA replaces AACR2
 Same MARC format + new rules
 BIBFRAME
 Developed by Library of Congress
 Currently being tested
 Built on FRBR model and RDA rules
 Transition unclear

LIS 653, Session 4-A: Bibliographic Formats and MARC

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LIS 653, Session 4-A: Bibliographic Formats and MARC