Short introduction to CLIC and CTF3
- 1. Short Introduction to CLIC and CTF3,Short Introduction to CLIC and CTF3, Technologies for Future Linear CollidersTechnologies for Future Linear Colliders Explanation of the Basic Principles and GoalsExplanation of the Basic Principles and Goals Visit to the CTF3 InstallationVisit to the CTF3 Installation Roger RuberRoger Ruber
- 2. 2Roger Ruber - CLIC/CTF3 Visit - Introduction Collider History • hadron collider at the frontier of physics – huge QCD background – not all nucleon energy available in collision • lepton collider for precision physics – well defined CM energy – polarization possible • next machine after LHC – e+ e- collider – energy determined by LHC discoveries consensus Ecm ≥0.5 TeV p p e+ e- Simulation of HIGGS production e+ e– → Z H Z → e+ e– , H → bb
- 3. 3Roger Ruber - CLIC/CTF3 Visit - Introduction Circular versus Linear Collider Circular Collider many magnets, few cavities, stored beam higher energy → stronger magnetic field → higher synchrotron radiation losses (E4 /R) Linear Collider few magnets, many cavities, single pass beam higher energy → higher accelerating gradient higher luminosity → higher beam power (high bunch repetition) source main linac N S N S accelerating cavities
- 4. 4Roger Ruber - CLIC/CTF3 Visit - Introduction Cost of Circular & Linear Accelerators Circular Collider • ΔE ~ (E4 /m4 R) • cost ~ aR + b ΔE • optimization: R~E2 → cost ~ cE2 Linear Collider • E ~ L • cost ~ aL cost energy Circular Collider Linear Collider 200 GeV e-
- 5. 5Roger Ruber - CLIC/CTF3 Visit - Introduction e+ Linac Interaction Point with Detector e- Linace+ source e- source RF power Source RF power Source Linear Collider R&D CTF3 goals: 1. high accelerating gradient 2. efficient power production 3. feasibility demonstration accelerating cavities accelerating cavities
- 6. 6Roger Ruber - CLIC/CTF3 Visit - Introduction Acceleration of Charged Particles • Lorenz (EM) force most practical • increasing particle energy • to gain 1 MeV energy requires a 1 MV field Direct-voltage acceleration used in • TV tube: 20~40 kV • X-ray tube: ~100 kV • tandem van de Graaff: up to ~25 MV )( EBvF +×= e eUdeE =⋅=∆ ∫ rE +- e- + - +
- 7. 7Roger Ruber - CLIC/CTF3 Visit - Introduction Drift Tube Linac: Higher Integrated Field Courtesy E. Jensen ©CERNCDS6808042
- 8. 8Roger Ruber - CLIC/CTF3 Visit - Introduction • electrons β~1 (v~c) • short pulses • high frequency >3 GHz • typical 10~20 MV/m • CLIC: – 12 GHz – 240 ns – 100 MV/m Travelling Wave Structure RF power source electric field d particle bunch RF load
- 9. 9Roger Ruber - CLIC/CTF3 Visit - Introduction Accelerating Cavities CERN PS 19 MHz Cavity (prototype 1966) CLIC 30 GHz Cavity (prototype 2006) ILC 1.3 GHz Cavity (prototype 2005) ©KEK(ILCKE0057) ©CERN ©CERN
- 10. 10Roger Ruber - CLIC/CTF3 Visit - Introduction Surfing: or How to Accelerate Particles DC Accelerator RF Accelerator synchronize particle with an electromagnetic wave!
- 11. 11Roger Ruber - CLIC/CTF3 Visit - Introduction e+ Linac Interaction Point with Detector e- Linace+ source e- source RF power Source RF power Source Linear Collider R&D Challenges: 1. high accelerating gradient 2. efficient power production 3. feasibility demonstration accelerating cavities accelerating cavities
- 12. 12Roger Ruber - CLIC/CTF3 Visit - Introduction Electromagnetic Waves • static electron → electric field • moving electron → electromagnetic wave • constant electron beam → static electric field + static magnetic field • bunched electron beam → electromagnetic wave
- 13. 13Roger Ruber - CLIC/CTF3 Visit - Introduction CLIC Two-beam Acceleration Concept • 12 GHz modulated and high power drive beam • RF power extraction in a special structure (PETS) • use RF power to accelerate main beam
- 14. 14Roger Ruber - CLIC/CTF3 Visit - Introduction Drive Beam Accelerator efficient acceleration in fully loaded linac Power Extraction Drive Beam Decelerator Sector Combiner Ring x 3 Combiner Ring x 4 pulse compression & frequency multiplication pulse compression & frequency multiplication Delay Loop x 2 gap creation, pulse compression & frequency multiplication RF Transverse Deflectors Recombination to Increase Peak Power & Frequency 140 µs train length - 24 x 24 sub-pulses - 4.2 A 2.4 GeV - 60 cm between bunches 240 ns 24 pulses – 100 A – 2.5 cm between bunches 240 ns 5.8 µs Drive beam time structure - initial Drive beam time structure - final
- 15. 15Roger Ruber - CLIC/CTF3 Visit - Introduction Drive Beam Generation Scheme
- 16. 16Roger Ruber - CLIC/CTF3 Visit - Introduction e+ Linac Interaction Point with Detector e- Linace+ source e- source RF power Source RF power Source Linear Collider R&D Challenges: 1. high accelerating gradient 2. efficient power production 3. feasibility demonstration accelerating cavities accelerating cavities
- 17. 17Roger Ruber - CLIC/CTF3 Visit - Introduction CLIC: Compact Linear Collider Main Linac C.M. Energy 3 TeV Peak luminosity 2x1034 cm-2 s-1 Beam Rep. rate 50 Hz Pulse time duration 156 ns Average field gradient 100 MV/m # accelerating cavities 2 x 71,548 Φ4.5m tunnel
- 18. 18Roger Ruber - CLIC/CTF3 Visit - Introduction CTF3 Test Facility • demonstration drive beam generation • evaluate beam stability & losses in deceleration • develop power production & accelerating structures X 5 Combiner Ring 84 m X 2 Delay loop 42 m Drive Beam Injector 180 MeV Probe Beam Injector Two-Beam Test-stand Drive Beam Accelerator 30 A - 150 MeV 140 ns 30 GHz High Gradient Test stand CLEX Decelerator Test Beam Line Drive beam stability bench marking CLIC sub-unit 10xIB, 10xνB Drive beam generation scheme
Editor's Notes
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