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Skills and abilities and skill classification
Technical Development
    In this section we investigate:

•What is a skill and how skills differ from abilities
•How the brain learns movement Skills
•Theories involved with learning Skills
•How we can best teach different sorts of skills
Understand the role skill acquisition plays in participating in physical activity
 Write down 5 words your associate with skills
  and 5 you associate with abilities
 What’s the difference?
‘Skill is said to be gained through
learning. Skill is said to be learned
behaviour’
(B.Knapp)
Skills are:
•Learned: You are not born with them
•Permanent Changes in Behaviour
• Goal   Directed: Used to achieve something
•Efficient: Minimum effort
•Fluent
•Aesthetic
 Little Pinky Green Expensive Ferrari Admirer
The word ‘Skill’ can be used in two main
ways:
•To relate to an act or task (taking a
penalty kick)

•As an indicator of the quality of a
performance (a well executed shot may
be said to be skilful)

  Skills usually need to bring together a
          number of our Abilities
 We are not born with the skills of catching,
  kicking and throwing etc they have to be
  learned
 But we are born with underlying factors that
  allow us to perform those tasks
 Natural
 Innate or inherited
 Tend to be enduring traits
 E.g.
     Strength
     Co-ordination
     Quick thinking
     Agility
     Speed
These are ABILITIES
 Catch a ball?
   Hand eye coordination
   Accuracy
   Balance
   Fine motor control


 Combinations of abilities are needed to
 perform most skills
Skills and abilities and skill classification
 Psychomotor abilities
 Gross Motor abilities
Skills and abilities and skill classification
When we say a Gymnast has performed a skilful
back somersault we mean that:
Despite her early performances being unsuccessful or
needing her coaches support she has:
Learned to do the skill and can now do this every
time,
Would gain a good mark in a competition
Performs with minimum effort and so efficiently
Performs the movement fluently and with confidence
Looks good in the performance and generally is close
to the technical model
There are 3 different Types of Skill
Intellectual Skills or Cognitive Skills
Skills that involve the use of a persons mental
powers like problem solving and verbal reasoning
Perceptive Skills
Interpreting and making use of information
coming in via the senses. eg. where to pass the ball or which shot
to play in Golf

Motor Skills
Smoothly executing physical movements and
responses (Voluntary Movements – eg. writing your name)
Cognitive           Knowing

       Perceptive          Feeling
       (Affective)

  Motor                 Doing
Psychomotor/ Perceptual Motor Skills:
when decisions are applied to an action so
often using all 3 types of skill
Perceptual Skill : What can You See?
Classification of Movement Skills

Skills have been classified on a variety
of continuum.
A continuum is a line with two
opposing ends and gradual changes in
characteristics in between
There are 4 main Continuum
 1) Precision of the Movement
Fine (Snooker Shot)             Gross (Shot Putt)



 2) Is there a Definite Beginning and End?
Continuous            Serial       Discrete

Running           Triple Jump    Badminton Serve
3) Who Controls the timing of the movement?


Internal Pace               External Pace
(Tennis Serve)              (Return of Serve)


4) Does the Environment affect the skill?


 OPEN                                  CLOSED
(Hockey pass in Game)    (Hockey pass in Practice
Two others could be:



SIMPLE                     COMPLEX


Organisational Continuum

LOW                        HIGH
Skills and abilities and skill classification
 List the abilities important in your sport
 List 10 skills for your sport and classify them

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Skills and abilities and skill classification

  • 2. Technical Development In this section we investigate: •What is a skill and how skills differ from abilities •How the brain learns movement Skills •Theories involved with learning Skills •How we can best teach different sorts of skills
  • 3. Understand the role skill acquisition plays in participating in physical activity
  • 4.  Write down 5 words your associate with skills and 5 you associate with abilities  What’s the difference?
  • 5. ‘Skill is said to be gained through learning. Skill is said to be learned behaviour’ (B.Knapp)
  • 6. Skills are: •Learned: You are not born with them •Permanent Changes in Behaviour • Goal Directed: Used to achieve something •Efficient: Minimum effort •Fluent •Aesthetic
  • 7.  Little Pinky Green Expensive Ferrari Admirer
  • 8. The word ‘Skill’ can be used in two main ways: •To relate to an act or task (taking a penalty kick) •As an indicator of the quality of a performance (a well executed shot may be said to be skilful) Skills usually need to bring together a number of our Abilities
  • 9.  We are not born with the skills of catching, kicking and throwing etc they have to be learned  But we are born with underlying factors that allow us to perform those tasks
  • 10.  Natural  Innate or inherited  Tend to be enduring traits  E.g.  Strength  Co-ordination  Quick thinking  Agility  Speed
  • 12.  Catch a ball?  Hand eye coordination  Accuracy  Balance  Fine motor control  Combinations of abilities are needed to perform most skills
  • 14.  Psychomotor abilities  Gross Motor abilities
  • 16. When we say a Gymnast has performed a skilful back somersault we mean that: Despite her early performances being unsuccessful or needing her coaches support she has: Learned to do the skill and can now do this every time, Would gain a good mark in a competition Performs with minimum effort and so efficiently Performs the movement fluently and with confidence Looks good in the performance and generally is close to the technical model
  • 17. There are 3 different Types of Skill Intellectual Skills or Cognitive Skills Skills that involve the use of a persons mental powers like problem solving and verbal reasoning Perceptive Skills Interpreting and making use of information coming in via the senses. eg. where to pass the ball or which shot to play in Golf Motor Skills Smoothly executing physical movements and responses (Voluntary Movements – eg. writing your name)
  • 18. Cognitive Knowing Perceptive Feeling (Affective) Motor Doing Psychomotor/ Perceptual Motor Skills: when decisions are applied to an action so often using all 3 types of skill
  • 19. Perceptual Skill : What can You See?
  • 20. Classification of Movement Skills Skills have been classified on a variety of continuum. A continuum is a line with two opposing ends and gradual changes in characteristics in between
  • 21. There are 4 main Continuum 1) Precision of the Movement Fine (Snooker Shot) Gross (Shot Putt) 2) Is there a Definite Beginning and End? Continuous Serial Discrete Running Triple Jump Badminton Serve
  • 22. 3) Who Controls the timing of the movement? Internal Pace External Pace (Tennis Serve) (Return of Serve) 4) Does the Environment affect the skill? OPEN CLOSED (Hockey pass in Game) (Hockey pass in Practice
  • 23. Two others could be: SIMPLE COMPLEX Organisational Continuum LOW HIGH
  • 25.  List the abilities important in your sport  List 10 skills for your sport and classify them