Smartphones are defined as enhanced mobile phones that perform functions beyond basic telephony. The first smartphone, called the Simon, was developed by IBM in 1993 and combined phone capabilities with additional features like email, calendar, and more. Common smartphone operating systems include Symbian OS, Windows Mobile, BlackBerry OS, iPhone OS, Android, and Linux. Smartphones have various internal components like processors, memory, and batteries that allow them to run these operating systems and additional apps. Popular smartphone brands include iPhone, Android, BlackBerry, Sony Ericsson, Nokia, and Samsung. The iPhone was introduced by Apple in 2007 and helped drive widespread smartphone adoption. Android was released in 2008 as an open-source platform. Smartphones have