Stellaris® 9000 Family of ARM® Cortex™-M3
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The document provides an overview of the Stellaris 9000 family of ARM Cortex-M3 microcontrollers from Texas Instruments. It describes the four generations of Stellaris MCUs, their features and applications. It also discusses the ARM Cortex-M3 processor core, development tools and software support for the Stellaris family.
Stellaris® 9000 Family of ARM® Cortex™-M3
- 1. Stellaris® 9000 Family of ARM® Cortex™-M3 Source: Texas Instruments
- 2. Introduction Purpose An Introduction to Stellaris® 9000 Family of ARM® Cortex™-M3 Outline Generations of ARM Cortex-M3 Stellaris Road Map and Family Review ARM® Cortex™-M3 Features and its application CPU Block Diagram, Internal Memories and its peripheral Interface Development Tools for Stellaris MCUs and Software support Development / Evaluation Kit and LM3S6965 Evaluation Board Content 23 pages
- 3. Four Generations of ARM Cortex-M3 • 1st Generation of Stellaris = Sandstorm Class LM3S100 Series, LM3S300 Series, LM3S600 Series, LM3S800 Series First ARM Cortex-M3 microcontrollers available anywhere Feature sets start at $1 Up to 50MHz operation, Single-cycle memory up to 64K flash / 8K SRAM Meticulous motion-control IP integration • 2nd Generation of Stellaris = Fury Class LM3S1000 Series, LM3S2000 Series, LM3S6000 Series, and LM3S8000 Series Extending Sandstorm Class with integrated Ethernet MAC+PHY and CAN Increasing single-cycle memory up to 256K flash / 64K SRAM Further optimized for battery-backed applications Added peripherals, such as additional UART, I2C, SSI, and QEI • 3rd Generation of Stellaris = Dust Devil Class Improving Stellaris offering with integration of USB OTG, Host, and Device options Added DMA, improved GPIO drive strength, and additional PWM outputs Additional fault protection inputs for advanced motion control Bootloader and DriverLib in preloaded in ROM Providing new small package options (64 pin LQFP) • 4th Generation of Stellaris = Bulled Tempest Class Higher performance with lower operating power (80 MHz , 1.2v internal supplies) Powerful external interface for high-speed chip-to-chip interconnect Enhanced subsystems including dual ADCs, extended in-ROM software, precision oscillator, and I2S interface Expanded networking and connectivity with Ethernet, CAN and USB options and combinations
- 5. Stellaris® Family Overview ARM® Cortex™-M3 v7-M Processor Core with Up to 80 MHz On-chip Memory of 256 KB Flash; 96 KB SRAM, ROM loaded with Stellaris DriverLib, BootLoader, AES tables, and CRC 32-bit dedicated parallel bus for external peripherals 10/100 Ethernet MAC and PHY, 3 CAN 2.0 A/B Controllers, USB (full speed) OTG / Host / Device 3 UARTs with IrDA and ISO 7816 support* 2 I2Cs, Integrated Interchip Sound (I2S) 2 Synchronous Serial Interfaces (SSI) 32-channel DMA Controller Internal Precision 16MHz Oscillator Two watchdog timers with separate clock domains, ARM Cortex Systick Timer 4 32-bit timers (up to 8 16-bit) with RTC capability 8 advanced PWM outputs for motion and energy applications, 2 Quadrature Encoder Inputs (QEI) 2x 8-ch 10-bit ADC, 3 analog comparators On-chip voltage regulator (1.2V internal operation)
- 7. ARM® Cortex™-M3 Features Cortex-M3 is the Microcontroller Version Optimized for single-cycle flash usage Deterministic, fast interrupt processing: as low as six cycles, no more than twelve Single-cycle multiply instruction and hardware divide Native Thumb2 mixed 16-/32-bit instruction set—no mode switching Three sleep modes with clock gating for low power Superior debug features including data breakpoints and flash patching Atomic operations—read/modify/write in single instruction 1.25 DMIPS/MHz—better than ARM7 and ARM9
- 8. Target Applications ■ Motion control ■ Factory automation ■ Fire and security ■ HVAC and building control ■ Power and energy ■ Transportation ■ Test and measurement equipment ■ Medical instrumentation ■ Remote monitoring ■ Electronic point-of-sale (POS) machines ■ Network appliances
- 9. The Stellaris Full-Solution Approach
- 11. Internal Memory
- 12. Quadrature Encoder Interface (QEI) ■ Position integrator that tracks the encoder position ■ Programmable noise filter on the inputs ■ Velocity capture using built-in timer ■ The input frequency of the QEI inputs may be as high as 1/4 of the processor frequency ■ Interrupt generation on: – Index pulse – Velocity-timer expiration – Direction change – Quadrature error detection
- 13. Controller Area Network (CAN) Module ■ CAN protocol version 2.0 part A/B ■ Bit rates up to 1 Mbps ■ 32 message objects with individual identifier masks ■ Maskable interrupt ■ Disable Automatic Retransmission mode for Time-Triggered CAN (TTCAN) applications ■ Programmable Loopback mode for self-test operation ■ Programmable FIFO mode enables storage of multiple message objects ■ Gluelessly attaches to an external CAN transceiver through the CANnTX and CANnRX signals
- 14. Development Tools for Stellaris MCUs
- 15. Stellaris Co-partners for Designers
- 16. Stellaris® Software Support: StellarisWare With Stellaris microcontrollers, you can choose to keep all your programming in C/C++, even interrupt service routines and startup code TI makes it even easier by providing StellarisWare® software that includes source code and royalty-free libraries for applications support StellarisWare® Software compiles on: ARM/Keil Microcontroller Development Toolkit for ARM IAR Embedded Workbench Code Red Technologies' RedSuite Code Sourcery SourceryG++ Generic GNU development tools. The key functional areas are: Stellaris Peripheral Driver Library Stellaris Graphics Library Stellaris USB Library Stellaris IEC 60730 Library Code Samples Stellaris In-System Programming Support StellarisWare is preprogrammed in ROM on most Stellaris MCUs
- 17. Peripheral Driver Library (DriverLib) High-level API interface to complete peripheral set Free license and royalty-free use Simplifies and speeds development of applications Can be used for application development or as programming example Available as object library and as source code Compiles on ARM/Keil, IAR, Code Red, and GNU tools Includes Stellaris Graphics Library and Stellaris USB Library StellarisWare is preprogrammed in ROM on most Stellaris MCUs
- 18. SAFERTOS Included in The LM3S9B96 High-integrity RTOS in ROM Can be used as a standard operating system OR as part of a high integrity application which requires certification to IEC61508 or FDA510(k) RTOS value $65k free with Tempest LM3S9B96 Integrated hardware/software solution shortens the time to market and significantly reduces cost for Industrial and Medical Applications Innovative Design Assurance Pack available separately from WITTENSTEIN provides complete turnkey evidence and process documentation
- 19. Development / Evaluation Kit EKK-LM3S9B90 DK-LM3S9B96
- 20. Stellaris® LM3S9B92 Robotic Evaluation Board Evaluation board with robotic capabilities Mechanical components assembled by user Stellaris® LM3S9B92 microcontroller MicroSD card connector I2S audio codec with speaker USB Host and Device connectors RJ45 Ethernet connector Bright 96 x 16 blue OLED display On-board In-Circuit Debug Interface (ICDI) Battery power (3 AA batteries) or power through USB Wireless communication expansion port Robot features – Two DC gear-motors provide drive and steering – Opto-sensors detect wheel rotation with 45° resolution – Sensors for "bump" detection
- 23. Additional Resource For ordering Stellaris 9000 series MCUs, please click the part list or Call our sales hotline For more product information go to www.ti.com/stellaris Visit element14 to post your question www.element-14.com For additional inquires contact our technical service hotline or even use our “Live Technical Chat” online facility Newark Farnell
Editor's Notes
- #2: Welcome to the training module on Stellaris® 9000 Family of ARM® Cortex™-M3.
- #3: This training module will introduce to Stellaris® 9000 Family of ARM® Cortex™-M3.
- #4: First Stellaris introduced in March of 2006 with the LM3S101 and LM3S102, Luminary Micro / Texas Instruments has launched and deployed over 160 different Stellaris microcontrollers across four progressive generations - all based on the ARM® Cortex™-M3 processor core. The result is a broad line card of mixed-signal microcontrollers focused on applications in energy, security, and connectivity markets, and unique IP for motion control applications, real time connectivity (Ethernet, Controller Area Network, and USB), intelligent analog functionality, and power conservation.
- #5: This Page shows road map for Stellaris MCU, it has sandstorm, fury class, dustdevil class, tempest class, 512k firestorm, 1024K firestorm, bizzard class, whiteout class of families: In May of 2009, TI acquired (intact) Luminary Micro, Inc. Luminary Micro was ARM’s lead partner for Cortex-M3 architecture. TI now offers four generations of Stellaris ARM Cortex-M3 MCUs
- #6: Texas Instruments’ LM3S9000 Series features an on-chip combination of 10/100 Ethernet MAC/PHY, USB On-The-Go/Host/Device, and Controller Area Network (CAN). In addition to several product enhancements, the LM3S9000 Series adds new features, such as a versatile External Peripheral Interface (EPI) with modes to support SDRAM, SRAM/Flash, Host-Bus, and M2M, an Integrated Interchip Sound (I2S) interface, simultaneous dual ADC capability, a second watchdog timer with independent clock for safety critical applications and a 16-MHz software-trimmed 1% Precision Oscillator.
- #7: This page shows LM3S1 is non ethernet, LS3S2 is CAN based, LS3S3 is USB based, LS3S5 is Can + USB, LS3S6 is ethernet based, LS3S8 is ethernet plus CAN and LS3S9 is Ethernet + CAN + USB.
- #8: The ARM Cortex-M3 processor combines multiple breakthrough technologies that will enable chip vendors to deliver devices at extremely low costs, while achieving outstanding performance of up to 1.2DMIPS/MHz with a core of only 33,000 gates. This design also integrates a number of tightly-coupled system peripherals to achieve the exceptional system response needed to manage future generations of critical control tasks.
- #9: “ The ARM Cortex-M3 processor significantly extends the reach of the ARM architecture, and advances our goal of providing processor solutions for the entire digital world,” Motion control covers a wide range of applications. Whether controlling a motor is the sole purpose of the application, or only part of it, Whether PLC, RTU, or other automation style, Stellaris MCUs feature CAN, serial, and Ethernet (allowing TCP/IP, ModBus, etc), along with many advanced features to support the application. Medical equipment and instrumentation requires accuracy, reliability, and responsiveness.
- #10: Stellaris gives a full solution approach for all kinds of application, it has fully integrated MCU, production ready module, complete open tooled reference design kits, proof of concept, end-to-end solution source files.
- #11: The Cortex-M3 processor is built on a high-performance processor core, with a 3-stage pipeline Harvard architecture, making it ideal for demanding embedded applications. The processor delivers exceptional power efficiency through an efficient instruction set and extensively optimized design, providing high-end processing hardware including single-cycle 32x32 multiplication and dedicated hardware division.
- #12: The LM3S9L97 microcontroller comes with 48 KB of bit-banded SRAM, internal ROM, and 128 KB of Flash memory. The Flash memory controller provides a user-friendly interface, making Flash memory programming a simple task. Flash memory protection can be applied to the Flash memory on a 2-KB block basis. The SRAM is implemented using two 32-bit wide SRAM banks, The banks are partitioned such that one bank contains all even words (the even bank) and the other contains all odd words (the odd bank). The internal ROM of the Stellaris® device is located at address 0x0100.0000 of the device memory map. The boot loader is used as an initial program loader as well as an application-initiated firmware upgrade mechanism.
- #13: A quadrature encoder, also known as a 2-channel incremental encoder, converts linear displacement into a pulse signal. By monitoring both the number of pulses and the relative phase of the two signals, you can track the position, direction of rotation, and speed. In addition, a third channel, or index signal, can be used to reset the position counter. The Stellaris® LM3S9L97 microcontroller includes two QEI modules providing control of two motors
- #14: Controller Area Network (CAN) is a multicast, shared serial bus standard for connecting electronic control units (ECUs). CAN was specifically designed to be robust in electromagnetically-noisy environments and can utilize a differential balanced line like RS-485 or a more robust twisted-pair wire. Originally created for automotive purposes, it is also used in many embedded control applications. Bit rates up to 1 Mbps are possible at network lengths less than 40 meters. Decreased bit rates allow longer network distances.
- #15: Stellaris Family Evaluation Kits, Development Kits, Reference Design Kits, and Modules provide the hardware and software tools that engineers need to develop and prototype embedded applications right out of the box. Each kit includes evaluation tool suites for popular development tools, documentation, a complete StellarisWare Firmware Development Package and all the cables necessary to begin rapid development using Stellaris microcontrollers. StellarisWare Software compiles on ARM/Keil Microcontroller Development Toolkit for ARM, IAR Embedded Workbench, Code Red Technologies' Red Suite, CodeSourcery Sourcery G++, and generic GNU development tools.
- #16: This page gives information about the stellaris supported partners for the complete development tool cycle. It involves suppliers for compilers debuggers, RTOS, stacks softwares, Training partners, programmers. Stellaris evaluation kit has the built-in capability for use as a simple USB-to-20-pin JTAG debugger.
- #17: With Stellaris microcontrollers, you can choose to keep all your programming in C/C++, even interrupt service routines and startup code. We make it even easier by providing StellarisWare software that includes source code and royalty-free libraries for application support. Stellaris microcontrollers provide the Stellaris Peripheral Driver Library on-chip in ROM (read-only memory). With the Stellaris Peripheral Driver Library in ROM, it is easier than ever to use the library to quickly develop efficient and functional applications in an environment where the entire flash memory is available for use for the application.
- #18: The Stellaris Peripheral Driver Library is a royalty-free set of functions for controlling the peripherals found on the Stellaris family of ARM Cortex-M3 microcontrollers. Vastly superior to a GUI peripheral configuration tool, the Stellaris Peripheral Driver Library performs both peripheral initialization and peripheral control functions with a choice of polled or interrupt-driven peripheral support. The Stellaris Peripheral Driver Library provides support for two programming models: the direct register access model and the software driver model.
- #19: The LM3S9B96 is a Cortex M3 microcontroller from Texas Instruments that comes with a pre-built version of SafeRTOS embedded in ROM. Applications running on the LM3S9B96 can link to and use the ‘ROMed’ copy of SafeRTOS in commercial applications without paying any license fees. Its small size and simplicity makes SafeRTOS ideal for use in a wide range of embedded application areas, including those which require certification.
- #20: The Stellaris® LM3S9B96 Development Kit provides the hardware and software tools that engineers need to begin development quickly. The Stellaris® LM3S9B90 and LM3S9B92 Ethernet and USB-OTG Evaluation Kits provide the hardware and software tools to speed development using the LM3S9B90 and LM3S9B92 microcontrollers' integrated USB Full-Speed OTG port and 10/100 Ethernet controllers
- #21: The Stellaris® Robotic Evaluation Board (EVALBOT) is a robotic evaluation platform for the Stellaris LM3S9B92 microcontroller. The board also uses a range of Texas Instruments’ analog components for motor drive, power supply, and communications functions. After a few minutes of assembly, the EVALBOT’s electronics are ready-to-run.
- #22: The EVALBOT evaluation board uses the Stellaris® LM3S9B92 microcontroller and includes a 10/100 Ethernet port and a USB 2.0 full-speed On-the-Go (OTG) port. The EVALBOT combines all mechanical and electrical components on a single circuit board. Figure 1-2 on page 11 shows a block diagram of the electrical section of the EVALBOT. The EVALBOT uses a 16.0-MHz crystal (Y3) to complete the LM3S9B92 microcontroller's main internal clock circuit. An internal PLL, configured in software, multiples this clock to higher frequencies for core and peripheral timing.
- #23: Key advantage for stellaris led control application involves High speed UART,up to 3.125Mbps@50MHz, High Speed SPI,up to 25M to interface external serial Flash to Store the picture or Font lib, High Speed I/O,Up to 12.5Mbps@50MHz, Ethenet MAC + PHY, Single cycle flash up to 50MHz.
- #24: Thank you for taking the time to view this presentation on “ An Introduction to Stellaris® 9000 Family of ARM® Cortex™-M3” . If you would like to learn more or go on to purchase some of these devices, you may either click on the part list link right beside the play button on the TechCast portal, or simply call our sales hotline. For more technical information you may either visit the Texas Instruments site, or if you would prefer to speak to someone live, please call our hotline number, or even use our ‘live chat’ online facility. You may visit element14 e-community to post your questions.