Stengthening Governance by Science and Technology

Welcome
Strengthening Governance by Science & Technology
Sukalyan Bachhar
 Senior Curator
 National Museum of Science & Technology
 Ministry Of Science & Technology
 Agargaon, Sher-E-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207.
 Tel: +88-02-58160616(Off) ; Contact: 01923522660;
 Website: www.nmst.gov.bd ; Email: sbachhar@yahoo.com
 Short bio-data:
 First Class Graduate in Mechanical Engineering from BUET [1993].
 Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering from BUET [1998].
 Field of specialization  Fluid Mechanics.
 Field of personal interest  Astrophysics.
 Field of real life activity  Popularization of Science & Technology from1995.
 Experienced in supervising for multiple scientific or research projects.
 Habituated as science speaker.
 17th BCS qualified.
 Member of Various Science & Engineering Societies 1

• Slide 2:
• Introduction to Governance
• Definition: Governance refers to the processes
and structures through which organizations,
institutions, and individuals manage their affairs.
• Key Components:
• Rule of Law: Ensures laws are applied equally.
• Accountability: Holds leaders responsible for their
actions.
• Transparency: Open sharing of information.
• Responsiveness: Ability to meet the needs of the
public.
• Importance: Effective governance fosters trust,
stability, and economic growth.

• Slide 3:
• The Need for Science and Technology
• Current Challenges: Global issues like climate
change, public health crises (e.g., pandemics),
and economic inequalities require informed
responses.
• Role of S&T: Helps gather and analyze data,
model scenarios, and develop innovative
solutions to complex problems.

• Slide 4:
• Defining Science and Technology
• Science: Systematic study of the natural and
social world through observation and
experimentation.
• Technology: Application of scientific
knowledge for practical purposes, including
tools, systems, and methods.
• Interaction: Technology enhances scientific
research (e.g., computational tools), and
scientific advancements inspire technological
innovations (e.g., renewable energy
technologies).

• Slide 5:
• Evidence-Based Decision Making
• Definition: A process of making decisions based
on the best available, well-researched evidence.
• Importance: Ensures that policies are informed
by factual data rather than assumptions.
• Examples: Countries using statistical data to
inform public health policies, leading to better
health outcomes.

• Slide 6:
• Data Analytics in Governance
• Introduction: Data analytics involves using
algorithms and software to understand and
leverage large sets of data.
• Use Cases:
• Traffic Management: Cities analyze traffic data to
optimize signal timings.
• Public Health: Monitoring disease outbreaks
using real-time data analytics.
• Case Study: Chicago’s crime prediction software,
which uses historical data to allocate police
resources effectively.

• Slide 7:
• Enhancing Public Participation
• Importance: Engaging citizens ensures that
governance reflects public needs and
priorities.
• Tools for Participation: E-governance
platforms (like online town halls) and mobile
apps for feedback.
• Case Study: Porto Alegre’s participatory
budgeting initiative, where citizens directly
influence budget allocation.

• Slide 8:
• Technology and Transparency.
• Role of Technology: Tech tools allow
governments to share information freely and
enable public scrutiny.
• Open Data Initiatives: Governments release
datasets for public use, enhancing
transparency and accountability.
• Case Study: New York City’s open data portal,
which allows citizens to access city data on
various sectors.

• Slide 9:
• Blockchain for Governance.
• Explanation: A decentralized ledger
technology that records transactions securely
and transparently.
• Applications:
• Voting: Ensuring tamper-proof election
processes.
• Public Records: Securing land titles and other
important documents.
• Benefits and Challenges: Increased trust vs.
the need for technological infrastructure and
understanding.

• Slide 10:
• Artificial Intelligence in Policy Development.
• Role of AI: AI tools can analyze vast amounts
of data to identify trends and forecast
outcomes.
• Examples:
• Natural Language Processing: Analyzing public
sentiment from social media.
• Predictive Modeling: Forecasting economic
impacts of proposed policies.
• Ethical Considerations: Concerns about data
privacy, biases in algorithms, and
accountability for AI decisions.

• Slide 11:
• Science in Environmental Governance
• Role of Research: Scientific research
underpins effective environmental policy
development.
• Climate Change Strategies: Policies based on
climate models and impact assessments.
• Case Study: The Paris Agreement, which relies
on scientific data to set national commitments
for greenhouse gas reductions.

• Slide 12:
• Cybersecurity and Governance
• Importance: Safeguarding government
systems and sensitive citizen data is crucial for
maintaining trust.
• Common Threats: Phishing attacks,
ransomware, and data breaches targeting
government entities.
• Strategies: Implementing robust cybersecurity
measures, regular training for officials, and
establishing incident response protocols.

• Slide 13:
• The Digital Divide
• Definition: The gap between those who have
easy access to digital technology and those
who do not.
• Impact on Governance: Inequities can lead to
disenfranchisement and unequal service
access.
• Strategies: Investing in broadband
infrastructure, digital literacy programs, and
inclusive policy-making processes.

• Slide 14:
• Building Capacity in Governance
• Importance of Training: Equipping officials
with the necessary skills to utilize S&T
effectively in governance.
• Programs and Initiatives: Workshops, online
courses, and partnerships with educational
institutions for upskilling.
• Example: Programs aimed at improving data
literacy among public servants.

• Slide 15:
• Collaboration with Academia
• Benefits: Joint research initiatives, access to
expertise, and innovative solutions.
• Example Projects: Collaborative research on
urban sustainability or health interventions.
• Impact: Improved policy formulation based on
scientific rigor and technological innovation.

• Slide 16:
• Engaging the Private Sector.
• Role of Tech Companies: Provide tools and
technologies that enhance public service
delivery and efficiency.
• Public-Private Partnerships: Collaborations
that leverage private sector innovations to
solve public sector challenges.
• Examples: Smart city initiatives where tech
companies partner with local governments to
deploy IoT solutions for traffic management.

• Slide 17:
• Global Case Studies:
• Success Stories
• Estonia: Pioneered e-governance, allowing
citizens to access services online, resulting in
increased efficiency and citizen satisfaction.
• Singapore: Launched the Smart Nation
initiative, integrating technology into urban
planning and public services.
• Key Takeaways: Highlight the importance of a
strong digital infrastructure, political will, and
a culture of innovation.

• Slide 18:
• Future Trends in Governance.
• Emerging Technologies: The rise of AI, big data,
and IoT in public administration and policy-
making.
• Predictions:
• Increased automation of administrative tasks.
• Enhanced data-driven decision-making
processes.
• Greater citizen engagement through digital
platforms.
• Potential Challenges: Data privacy concerns,
the need for ethical guidelines, and ensuring
equitable access to technology.

• Slide 19:
• Policy Recommendations.
• Strategies for Integration:
• Develop comprehensive frameworks to
incorporate S&T into governance.
• Promote a culture of innovation and
adaptability in government agencies.
• Importance of Inclusivity: Ensure that
diverse voices are included in the tech-driven
governance processes, particularly from
marginalized communities.

• Slide 20:
• The Role of Ethics in Governance.
• Importance of Ethical Considerations: Ensures
responsible use of technology and data in
governance.
• Frameworks for Ethical Governance: Establish
guidelines for transparency, accountability, and
public trust.
• Case Study: Ethical challenges in AI use for
surveillance and policing, highlighting the need
for public dialogue and regulation.

• Slide 21:
• Measuring Success.
• Metrics for Assessment: Establish KPIs to
evaluate the effectiveness of S&T initiatives in
governance.
• Feedback Mechanisms: Implement tools for
gathering citizen input and measuring
satisfaction with governance processes.
• Examples: Citizen satisfaction surveys,
performance metrics for public services.

• Slide 22:
• Challenges of Implementation.
• Barriers to Integration:
• Resistance to change within bureaucracies.
• Limited funding for technological upgrades.
• Skills shortages in the workforce.
• Strategies to Overcome Challenges: Foster
stakeholder engagement, secure dedicated
funding sources, and promote change
management initiatives.

• Slide 23:
• Engaging Stakeholders.
• Importance of Multi-Stakeholder
Engagement: Involving diverse groups ensures
that governance reflects the needs of the
community.
• Strategies for Engagement: Conduct regular
consultations, utilize inclusive forums, and
collaborate with civil society organizations.
• Examples: Initiatives that invite public
feedback on policy proposals or service
delivery.

• Slide 24:
• Communication Strategies.
• Importance of Clear Communication:
Effective communication fosters transparency
and builds public trust.
• Tools for Communication: Leverage social
media, newsletters, and public forums to
disseminate information.
• Best Practices: Regularly update the public on
government initiatives and respond promptly
to citizen inquiries.

• Slide 25:
• The Role of International Organizations.
• Support from Global Entities: Organizations
such as the UN, World Bank, and WHO
facilitate the sharing of best practices and
technical assistance.
• Case Studies: Collaborations on global health
initiatives, disaster response, and capacity-
building efforts in developing countries.
• Benefits: Access to international funding,
expertise, and innovative solutions for
governance challenges.

• Slide 26:
• Community-Led Innovations.
• Importance of Grassroots Solutions: Local
communities often develop effective solutions
tailored to their unique challenges.
• Case Studies: Initiatives such as community-led
waste management programs or local health
interventions.
• Encouraging Local Solutions: Providing
resources and support to empower
communities to address governance issues.

• Slide 27:
• The Future of Smart Cities.
• Definition: Urban areas that use technology
and data to enhance quality of life, efficiency,
and sustainability.
• Characteristics: Integrated public services,
efficient energy use, and responsive
governance.
• Examples: Projects like Barcelona’s smart city
initiatives that utilize data for better urban
planning and resource management.

• Slide 28:
• Summary of Key Points.
• Recap: The integration of S&T in governance is
crucial for improving decision-making,
transparency, and citizen engagement.
• Major Themes: Collaboration between
stakeholders, ethical considerations, and the
importance of adapting to technological
advancements.

• Slide 29:
• Call to Action.
• Encouragement: Stakeholders, including
government officials, tech companies, and
citizens, are urged to embrace S&T in their
governance practices.
• Importance of Collaboration: Engage with
diverse stakeholders to foster innovation and
improve public services.
• Focus on Future Preparedness: Develop
proactive strategies to leverage S&T for
sustainable and effective governance.

• Slide 30:
• Q&A
• Open the Floor: Invitations of the audience to
ask questions and share their insights.
• Encourage Discussion: Facilitate a dialogue
about challenges and opportunities in
integrating S&T into governance.

•Thank you

Stengthening Governance by Science and Technology

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