“STUDY OF CONCRETE CUBE BY USING LATHE SCRAP AND TREATED WASTE WATER”
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This document presents a study on the use of lathe scrap and treated waste water in concrete. The objectives were to study the impact of adding 2% lathe scrap by weight of cement and replacing potable water with treated waste water in concrete. Tests conducted on M20 grade concrete cubes at 7 and 28 days showed increases in compressive, flexural, and split tensile strengths compared to normal concrete. The results indicate that lathe scrap and treated waste water can be used in concrete with potential benefits for construction industry waste reduction and water conservation.
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1337
7. Cast a no. of cubes for following combination:
8. CONCRETE(98%)+ LATHE SCRAP (2%)+TREATED
WASTE water in the mix design.
9. To cast 6 cubes,6 cylinder and 6 beam.
10. Testing of Concrete cubes on 7th and 28th days for
compressive , flexural and the tensile strength.
MATERIAL USED
For M20 grade
1) Cement: Portland Pozzolana Cement of the grade
53 is used. The specific gravity of cement is found
3.15g/cm3.fineness 330gm/m2. Initial and final
setting time is not to be less than 30 minutes and
more than 10 hours respectively.
2) Coarse Aggregate: Locally accessible crushed
coarse aggregate of 10mm and 20mm in size and
angular in shape is used. Fineness modulus and the
specific gravity of aggregate are 6.3 and 2.64
respectively.
3) Fine Aggregate: Natural river sand which issimply
accessible in market which confirms IS:383-1970
zone-II whose size is less than the 4.75mm and of
specific gravity is around 2.65 with fineness
modulus of 2.75 is used.
4) Water: Treated waste water is used in project
having properties similar to the potable water like
Ph value of water is in between 6.5 to 7.5;
recommended by IS code and the BOD value is in
between 3 to 5 ppm.
5) Lathe scrap: A Lathe scrap is the waste material
produced by working on the lathe machine usedfor
shaping metals as reinforced material to increase
the properties of conventional concrete.
TEST CONDUCTED
WORKABILITY
Slump cone test is conducted to check the workability of
concrete and the concrete reinforced with lathe machine
scrap at percentages 2 % by weight the weight of cement.
Test is conducted by following the specifications mentioned
in Indian Standard [51]
Fig -1: Slump cone Test
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
A total of 6 specimens’ cubes of concrete were casted having
size of 150mmx150mmx150mm for proportions 2% of
weight of cement with the waste water and 3 cubes were
used for taking average value of 7 days and remaining are
tested after 28 days. UTM is used for determining
compressive strength.IS 516:1959 is followed while
determination the compressive test.
Fig -1: Cube on UTM
TENSILE STRENGTH
6 cylinders specimens were casted for 2% of lathe scrap and
waste water of size 150mm dia. and 300mm in height. Split
tensile test confirming to Indian Standard code5816-1959is
used. The tensile strength of concrete reinforced with 2% of
Lathe machine scrap by weight in concrete was determined.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v9i5371-221003095244-7427a24c/85/STUDY-OF-CONCRETE-CUBE-BY-USING-LATHE-SCRAP-AND-TREATED-WASTE-WATER-2-320.jpg)
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1338
Fig -3:Tensile strength on UTM
CONCLUSIONS
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FLEXURAL STRENGTH
In flexural strength test of beam, the specimen of size
700mmx150mmx150mm was placed over single point
loading arrangements and stress produced during break
down of specimen is determined. This breaking stress is
called as Modulus of rupture or flexural strength.Thetest is
done by following Indian Standard code set by 516-1959.
The flexural strength of beams reinforced with the lathe
scrap , 2% by weight of cement is determined. Figure shows
the beam specimen taking flexural strength.
Fig -3: Flexural test on UTM
LITERATURE REVIEW
In the “Domestic waste water reuse in concrete using bench
scale testing and full scale implementation” [1] paper ,the
author used treated domestic waste water in concrete. He
used primary treated waste water, secondary treated waste
water and distilled water were used to cast the concrete
specimen. And he concluded that compressive strength of
the concrete produced with distilled water and secondary
treated waste water is having less compressive strengthand
reduced by up to 16.2%.
In the “Sustainable use of resources – Recycling of sewage
treatment plant water in concrete” [2] paper, the author
used treated waste water obtained from the sewage
treatment plant and he concluded that as a sustainability
approach the preliminary research findings shows that
significant differences do not exist between mortar cubes
made of portable water versus sewage treated waste water.
In the “Use of treated waste water for concrete mixing in
Kuwait” [3] paper, the author clearly explained about the
type of water used for mixing do not affecttoconcreteslump
and density And he also considered use of water in mixing
concrete and studied the properties.
In the paper “utilization of waste water to check strength
parameters of concrete” [4] the author reviewspossibility of
replacing fresh water withthewaste waterandheconcluded
that workability of the concrete goes on decreases with the
increase in percentage of waste water and compressive](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v9i5371-221003095244-7427a24c/85/STUDY-OF-CONCRETE-CUBE-BY-USING-LATHE-SCRAP-AND-TREATED-WASTE-WATER-3-320.jpg)
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1339
strength of the concrete is slightly increased with the
increase in percentage of treated waste water in concrete.
In the paper” Strengthening of concrete using lathe scrap
waste” [5] the author concluded that the addition of lathe
waste remarkably increases the strength of concrete .Since
concrete is weak in tension it is seen thatthetensilestrength
of concrete also shows astonishing patterns.
SCOPE OF PROJECT
Water scarcity is the global problem , by using waste treated
water we can overcome it in the some proportion. Generally
treated waste water from sewagetreatmentplantisreleased
in the local water bodies which may pollute water sources
and harmful to the aquatic animals or plants. That’s why we
can easily use it in the construction industry instead of
potable water. Lathe scrap is the waste of steel industry.
RESULT AND CONCLUSION
1. By using lathe scrap compressive strength and
flexural strength increases by 2-4%.
2. Concrete prepared by using treated waste water
and potable water gives almost same results.
REFERENCES
1. Ayoup M. Ghrair , Othman Al-Mashaqbeh“Domestic
waste water reuse in concrete using bench scale
testing and full scale implementation’’
2. Marcia Silva and Tarun R. Naik, “Sustainable Use of
Resources – Recycling of Sewage Treatment
3. Plant Water in Concrete” the university of
Wisconsin Milwaukee center for By-products
utilization second international conference on
sustainable construction matarialsandtechnologies
june 28- june 30, 2010.
4. Ibrahim Al-Ghusain,Mohammad J.Terro.“Use of
treated waste water for concrete mixing in Kuwait’’
5. “Utilization of waste water to check strength
parameters of concrete’’
6. Mohd Amir Sheikh,Masoom Reza“Strengthening of
concrete using lathe scrap waste’’
7. Sheetal Chinnu James et al., 2nd International
Conference on Science, Technology and
Management, University of Delhi, 27 September
2015.
8. Poorva Haldkar, International Journal of Science
and Research (IJSR) ISSN (Online): 2319-7064
Index CopernicusValue(2013):6.14|ImpactFactor
(2015): 6.391](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v9i5371-221003095244-7427a24c/85/STUDY-OF-CONCRETE-CUBE-BY-USING-LATHE-SCRAP-AND-TREATED-WASTE-WATER-4-320.jpg)
“STUDY OF CONCRETE CUBE BY USING LATHE SCRAP AND TREATED WASTE WATER”
- 1. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1336 “STUDY OF CONCRETE CUBE BY USING LATHE SCRAP AND TREATED WASTE WATER” Prof.N.S.Pote1,Ms Shrutika Mukate2, Ms Mrunal Mane3 , , Ms Diksha Kolte4 , Mr. Vaishnav Burhan5 1Prof. Debt. of Civil Engineering, JSPMs Rajarshi Shahu College of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra. 2,3,4,5Student, Debt. of Civil Engineering, JSPMs Rajarshi Shahu College of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra, India. ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - Concrete consists of cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and water. Their proportion in the concreteisfixed depending upon the grade of concrete and itdeterminesthestrengthalso. Currently waste water problem and production of steel waste without management is become a major problem in the construction industry. This paper presents the use of waste water and lathe scrap in concrete for better improvement of the concrete. The objective of this paper is to study the impact of addition of lathe scrap and the replacement of potable water by the treating waste water in concrete and the compare it with conventional concrete. The tests conducted are COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH TEST, FLEXURAL STRENGTH TEST and SPLIT TENSIL TEST and experiments are conducted by adding the 2% Lathe Scrap by weight of cement and calculating their strengthsat7daysand 28 days for M20 grade concrete. All the test results showed an increase in compressive strength as well as flexural strength in early-age at 7 days as well as better results on 28 days when compared to normal M20 grade concrete. Key Words: Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete1, Treated waste water2, Lathe scrap3,Universal testingmachine4, workability5, 1. INTRODUCTION Population of India is rapidly developing continuosly along with construction industry. In the construction, industry there is no option for concrete. The effective use of locally available material is more important in the recent years. There is one material lathe scrap which is easily available. It describes as steel scrap fiber reinforced concrete (SSFRC). The main role of the fibers is to enrich the toughness of the SSFRC under different type of load onconcrete. Toughnessis called to area under the load vs. deflection curve i.e. fibers problem for increasing population specially in summer season the insufficiency of water is a major problem. At that time we have to study different types of water that means a waste water. Right now we loose million liters of waste water and there is no planning for the use this water rather than discharging in river and the farming. After treating sewage waste water and the testing of waste water in a laboratory if it has similar properties like a potable water then we can use the waste water for the construction purpose. In waste water there is a lot of impurities, bacteria there is a great possibility of killing the bacteria due to heat of hydration. So we can easily use concrete for residential purpose. The benefit of this project is we save millions litter of waste water which we dispose in the river and decreases waste of potable water on a great scale. 2. AIM & OBJECTIVE 1. To look over the use of steel scraps as steel fiber in rigid concrete. 2. To study the effect of lathe scrap on concrete. 3. To compare the properties of tap water and the treated waste water. 4. To look over the Compressive, Flexural and Tensile strength of concrete using lathe scrap and waste water. 5. To propose best suitable water for mixing the concrete. METHODOLOGY 1. To determine the mix design for M20 grade of concrete. 2. To determine properties of treated waste water. 3. To compare waste water properties with the potable water. 4. Select waste water having properties similar with waste water. 5. To finding out the properties of the lathe scrap 6. To prepare mix design of M20 by using 2% lathe scrap and the treated waste water.
- 2. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1337 7. Cast a no. of cubes for following combination: 8. CONCRETE(98%)+ LATHE SCRAP (2%)+TREATED WASTE water in the mix design. 9. To cast 6 cubes,6 cylinder and 6 beam. 10. Testing of Concrete cubes on 7th and 28th days for compressive , flexural and the tensile strength. MATERIAL USED For M20 grade 1) Cement: Portland Pozzolana Cement of the grade 53 is used. The specific gravity of cement is found 3.15g/cm3.fineness 330gm/m2. Initial and final setting time is not to be less than 30 minutes and more than 10 hours respectively. 2) Coarse Aggregate: Locally accessible crushed coarse aggregate of 10mm and 20mm in size and angular in shape is used. Fineness modulus and the specific gravity of aggregate are 6.3 and 2.64 respectively. 3) Fine Aggregate: Natural river sand which issimply accessible in market which confirms IS:383-1970 zone-II whose size is less than the 4.75mm and of specific gravity is around 2.65 with fineness modulus of 2.75 is used. 4) Water: Treated waste water is used in project having properties similar to the potable water like Ph value of water is in between 6.5 to 7.5; recommended by IS code and the BOD value is in between 3 to 5 ppm. 5) Lathe scrap: A Lathe scrap is the waste material produced by working on the lathe machine usedfor shaping metals as reinforced material to increase the properties of conventional concrete. TEST CONDUCTED WORKABILITY Slump cone test is conducted to check the workability of concrete and the concrete reinforced with lathe machine scrap at percentages 2 % by weight the weight of cement. Test is conducted by following the specifications mentioned in Indian Standard [51] Fig -1: Slump cone Test COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH A total of 6 specimens’ cubes of concrete were casted having size of 150mmx150mmx150mm for proportions 2% of weight of cement with the waste water and 3 cubes were used for taking average value of 7 days and remaining are tested after 28 days. UTM is used for determining compressive strength.IS 516:1959 is followed while determination the compressive test. Fig -1: Cube on UTM TENSILE STRENGTH 6 cylinders specimens were casted for 2% of lathe scrap and waste water of size 150mm dia. and 300mm in height. Split tensile test confirming to Indian Standard code5816-1959is used. The tensile strength of concrete reinforced with 2% of Lathe machine scrap by weight in concrete was determined.
- 3. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1338 Fig -3:Tensile strength on UTM CONCLUSIONS IRJET sample template format ,Conclusion content comes here. Conclusion content comes here Conclusion content comes here Conclusion content comes here Conclusion content comes here Conclusion content comes here Conclusion content comes here Conclusion content comes here Conclusion content comes here Conclusion content comes here Conclusion content comes here Conclusion content comes here Conclusion content comes here . Conclusion content comes here FLEXURAL STRENGTH In flexural strength test of beam, the specimen of size 700mmx150mmx150mm was placed over single point loading arrangements and stress produced during break down of specimen is determined. This breaking stress is called as Modulus of rupture or flexural strength.Thetest is done by following Indian Standard code set by 516-1959. The flexural strength of beams reinforced with the lathe scrap , 2% by weight of cement is determined. Figure shows the beam specimen taking flexural strength. Fig -3: Flexural test on UTM LITERATURE REVIEW In the “Domestic waste water reuse in concrete using bench scale testing and full scale implementation” [1] paper ,the author used treated domestic waste water in concrete. He used primary treated waste water, secondary treated waste water and distilled water were used to cast the concrete specimen. And he concluded that compressive strength of the concrete produced with distilled water and secondary treated waste water is having less compressive strengthand reduced by up to 16.2%. In the “Sustainable use of resources – Recycling of sewage treatment plant water in concrete” [2] paper, the author used treated waste water obtained from the sewage treatment plant and he concluded that as a sustainability approach the preliminary research findings shows that significant differences do not exist between mortar cubes made of portable water versus sewage treated waste water. In the “Use of treated waste water for concrete mixing in Kuwait” [3] paper, the author clearly explained about the type of water used for mixing do not affecttoconcreteslump and density And he also considered use of water in mixing concrete and studied the properties. In the paper “utilization of waste water to check strength parameters of concrete” [4] the author reviewspossibility of replacing fresh water withthewaste waterandheconcluded that workability of the concrete goes on decreases with the increase in percentage of waste water and compressive
- 4. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1339 strength of the concrete is slightly increased with the increase in percentage of treated waste water in concrete. In the paper” Strengthening of concrete using lathe scrap waste” [5] the author concluded that the addition of lathe waste remarkably increases the strength of concrete .Since concrete is weak in tension it is seen thatthetensilestrength of concrete also shows astonishing patterns. SCOPE OF PROJECT Water scarcity is the global problem , by using waste treated water we can overcome it in the some proportion. Generally treated waste water from sewagetreatmentplantisreleased in the local water bodies which may pollute water sources and harmful to the aquatic animals or plants. That’s why we can easily use it in the construction industry instead of potable water. Lathe scrap is the waste of steel industry. RESULT AND CONCLUSION 1. By using lathe scrap compressive strength and flexural strength increases by 2-4%. 2. Concrete prepared by using treated waste water and potable water gives almost same results. REFERENCES 1. Ayoup M. Ghrair , Othman Al-Mashaqbeh“Domestic waste water reuse in concrete using bench scale testing and full scale implementation’’ 2. Marcia Silva and Tarun R. Naik, “Sustainable Use of Resources – Recycling of Sewage Treatment 3. Plant Water in Concrete” the university of Wisconsin Milwaukee center for By-products utilization second international conference on sustainable construction matarialsandtechnologies june 28- june 30, 2010. 4. Ibrahim Al-Ghusain,Mohammad J.Terro.“Use of treated waste water for concrete mixing in Kuwait’’ 5. “Utilization of waste water to check strength parameters of concrete’’ 6. Mohd Amir Sheikh,Masoom Reza“Strengthening of concrete using lathe scrap waste’’ 7. Sheetal Chinnu James et al., 2nd International Conference on Science, Technology and Management, University of Delhi, 27 September 2015. 8. Poorva Haldkar, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN (Online): 2319-7064 Index CopernicusValue(2013):6.14|ImpactFactor (2015): 6.391
- 5. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1340 9. Prof. Kumaran M., International Journal ofResearch in Advent Technology (E-ISSN: 2321- 9637) Special Issue International Conference on Technological Advancements in Structures an 10. Dr. John O. Kakonge (2002) Water scarcity and related environmental problems in parts of sub- Saharan Africa: the role of the transboundary Environmental Impact Assessment Convention, Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, 20:1,49- 59, DOI: 10.3152/147154602781766861 Neville AM (1994) “Properties of concrete”, 4th edition, Longman scientific & Technical, Essex, U.K. 11. M S Shetty “Concrete Technology”, S Chand & Company Ltd., 2012, 25th edition. 12. UNEP, World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP), Global Environment Outlook: Environment for Development (GEO-4), Human Development Report 2006, World Business Council For Sustainable Development (WBCSD), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Sweden. 13. IS 516: 1959- Methods of Tests for Strength of Concrete, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi. 14. IS 383: 1970-Specification for Coarse and fine aggregates from natural resources for concrete, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi. 15. IS 10262:2009, Indian Standard Concrete mix proportioning – Guidelines (First Revision),Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India. 16. IS 2386 (Part I-VIII)-1960, Indian Standards methods of testing of Concrete (First Revision), Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India. 17. IS-10262-2009 Code Book. 18. IS-456-2000 Code Book BIOGRAPHIES Ms. SHRUTIKA MUKATE Studying Final Year of B.E.-Civil at JSPM’s Rajarshi Shahu College of Engineering Pune Maharashtra,Pune Ms. MRUNAL MANE Studying Final Year of B.E.-Civil at JSPM’s Rajarshi Shahu College of Engineering Pune Maharashtra,Pune Mr. VAISHNAV BURHAN Studying Final Year of B.E.-Civil at JSPM’s Rajarshi Shahu College of Engineering Pune Maharashtra,Pune Ms. DIKSHA KOLTE Studying Final Year of B.E.-Civil at JSPM’s Rajarshi Shahu College of Engineering Pune Maharashtra,Pune 2nd Author Photo 4th Author Photo 3rd Author Photo 1’st Author Photo