Tackling Protocol Diversity: ISOC@IETF Panel at IETF 93
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This document summarizes a panel discussion on tackling connectivity diversity for constrained radio networks and devices. The panel discussed the disconnect between how applications are developed and how they are used across different devices and networks. This can lead to issues with varying data rates, latency spikes from error correction and power management, and intermittent connectivity from features like discontinuous reception. Going forward, networks aim to improve data rates and reduce latency further, though maintaining low loss rates will still be important. The panel debated whether it is better for applications to use multiple interchangeable protocols, or single protocols with wide applicability. They also considered design principles for addressing restricted connectivity and interactions between power and connectivity management.
Tackling Protocol Diversity: ISOC@IETF Panel at IETF 93
- 1. www.internetsociety.org Tackling Connectivity Diversity: Protocol Challenges for Constrained Radio Networks and Devices Olaf Kolkman, Moderator Chief Internet Technology Officer The Internet Society 1
- 2. The Internet Society We are… 2 Not at the IETF Taking discussion up a level Taking any identified work items to the appropriate IETF WGs “On the air” Streaming Recording Stopping at 12:45pm so you can all get back to the IETF…
- 3. The Internet Society Agenda outline 3 Overview Panelists’ introduction Framing discussion Open mic
- 4. The Internet Society The Panel Olaf Kolkman (Moderator) Ted Hardie Blake Matheny (Facebook) Henning Wiemann (Ericsson)
- 5. The Internet Society Today’s discussion Disconnect between application development environments and application use environments Handsets Networks Does infrastructure need to change? Is this a transient condition? Is there a need for better design to cope with connectivity diversity? 5
- 6. The Internet Society Global Internet Report Some charts from the Internet Society’s Global Internet Report 2015 More at: http://www.internetsociety.org/globalinternetreport/ 6
- 7. The Internet Society Proportion of population covered by at least 3G 7
- 9. The Internet Society The Digital Divide 9
- 12. Characteristics of Mobile Broadband Connections … as seen from IP and above Henning Wiemann Ericsson Research 3GPP RAN2 Chairman
- 13. Characteristics of Mobile Broadband | Public | © Ericsson AB 2015 | 2015-07-20 | Page 13 › Packet Loss Rate seen on IP layer: < 10-6 – ARQ to avoid that TCP interprets transmission losses as congestion › Latency (RTT) in the order of tens of ms – Spikes due to error correction (ARQ) – Spikes due to Connection Establishment and DRX (see next slide) › Data Rates vary depending on channel conditions, network load, total carrier bandwidth, deployed features… – LTE today: ~100 kbps (at the coverage edge) to ~300 MBps (specs allow already much higher rates) Performance Data Rates, Latency, Loss Rate Be prepared for varying data rates! Latency is low but shows some spikes!
- 14. Characteristics of Mobile Broadband | Public | © Ericsson AB 2015 | 2015-07-20 | Page 14 › Discontinuous Reception (DRX) to save UE battery – Allows UE to switch-off receiver chain after short inactivity – Network initiated traffic observes additional delays (typically 0.05 to 1s) › Radio Connection released upon longer inactivity – Further decreases battery consumption and control signaling – But requires additional control signaling and delays when connection is established again for the next packet burst Power Consumption Impact to Performance & Reachability Every “Keep-Alive” is costly if it forces the UE to wake-up from DRX or to establish a new Radio Connection!
- 15. Characteristics of Mobile Broadband | Public | © Ericsson AB 2015 | 2015-07-20 | Page 15 › Data Rates will still vary – Aiming at high data rates in wider areas (e.g. massive beamforming) – Connectivity in very challenging coverage conditions (at least for low data rate Internet-of-Things applications) – Even higher peak data rates (up to several tens of GBps) › Latency Reductions – Aiming initially at a reduction by a factor ~5-10 – Even lower latency is targeted for latency critical applications › Low loss rates should remain to be low – To ensure that TCP can utilize the high data rates – But costly in terms of memory (Packet-Delay-Budget) And in Future?
- 17. Tension among competing optimizations
- 18. Tension among competing optimizations
- 19. Building blocks Is it better for applications or systems to use multiple building block protocols that can be swapped in and out, or single protocols with a wide range of applicability?
- 20. The Internet Society Some aspects to consider Approaches taken by application developers to deal with terminal and connectivity diversity Considerations for protocol developers The impact of restricted connectivity on user behavior Design principles that could be extrapolated from the data and the technical responses to date Interactions between power management and connectivity management
- 21. The Internet Society The Panel Olaf Kolkman (Moderator) Ted Hardie Blake Matheny (Facebook) Henning Wiemann (Ericsson)
Editor's Notes
- #9: Number of countries, most of them have 3 G networks (although not all!) while deployment of 4G networks still needs to be rolled out.
- #10: This chart shows that while 94% of global population is covered by a cellular network, only 48% have 3G coverage, leaving room to increase availability. Further, only 28% have subscribed to a mobile Internet service, leaving room to increase adoption by focusing on affordability and relevance.
- #11: And even when there is ubiqutous 4G then there is a deployed base of multiple types of devices.