Task 2a danielle
- 2. Woodblock printing • The first ever printing technique for print text was mostly used in East Asia and originating in China. The earliest surviving examples from China date to before 220 AD. East Asian method of printing books and other texts, as well as images, until the 19th century. To make woodblock printing you have to carefully prepared as a relief pattern, which means the areas to show 'white' are cut away with a knife, chisel, or sandpaper leaving the characters or image to show in 'black' at the original surface level. The block was cut along the grain of the wood. It is necessary only to ink the block and bring it into firm and even contact with the paper or cloth to achieve an acceptable print.
- 3. Movable type • After woodblock printing technique, the movable type, system and technology of printing and typography was invented. The world's first movable type printing press technology for printing paper books was made of ceramic porcelain china materials and invented in ancient China around AD 1040. For alphabetic scripts, movable-type page setting was quicker than woodblock printing. The metal type pieces were more durable and the lettering was more uniform, leading to typography and fonts.
- 4. Printing press • After movable type, the printing press was invented. A printing press is a device for applying pressure to an inked surface resting upon a print medium, thereby transferring the ink. The printing press was invented around 1440. Typically used for texts, the invention and spread of the printing press was one of the most influential events.
- 5. Etching • Etching is traditionally the process of using strong acid or mordant to cut into the unprotected parts of a metal surface to create a design in intaglio in the metal. As a method of printmaking, it is the most important technique for old master prints. In traditional pure etching, a metal plate is covered with a waxy ground which is resistant to acid. The artist then scratches off the ground with a pointed etching needle where he or she wants a line to appear in the finished piece, so exposing the bare metal.
- 6. Mezzotint • Mezzotint is a printmaking process. it was the first tonal method to be used. Mezzotint achieves tonality by roughening the plate with thousands of little dots made by a metal tool with small teeth. In printing, the tiny pits in the plate hold the ink when the face of the plate is wiped clean. A high level of quality in the print can be achieved. The mezzotint printmaking method was invented in 1609– c 1680.
- 7. Aquatint • Aquatint is an intaglio printmaking technique, a variant of etching. In intaglio printmaking, the artist makes marks on the plate that are capable of holding ink. The inked plate is passed through a printing press together with a sheet of paper, resulting in a transfer of the ink to the paper. This can be repeated a number of times, depending on the particular technique. Like etching, aquatint uses the application of a mordant to etch into the metal plate. The painter and printmaker invented, around 1650.
- 8. Lithography • Lithography is a method of printing originally based on the immiscibility of oil and water. The printing is from a stone or a metal plate with a smooth surface. It was invented in 1796. Lithography can be used to print text or artwork onto paper or other suitable material.
- 9. Chromolithography • Chromolithography is a method for making multi-colour prints. This type of colour printing stemmed from the process of lithography, and it includes all types of lithography that are printed in colour. When chromolithography is used to reproduce photographs. Chromolithography developed by the 19th century
- 10. Chromolithography • Chromolithography is a method for making multi-colour prints. This type of colour printing stemmed from the process of lithography, and it includes all types of lithography that are printed in colour. When chromolithography is used to reproduce photographs. Chromolithography developed by the 19th century