Tech 571 taylor mounts design principals module 3

Instructional Design PrincipalsTech 571—Distance LearningVirginia Lee Taylor-MountsJuly 13, 2011

RationalizationImprove Student Experiences in Distance Learning EnvironmentsDiversified InstructionCommunication/FeedbackCollaboration("Differentiated Instruction | Classroom Challenges | Focus on Effectiveness," n.d.)

Diversified InstructionProvides students with appropriate challenges and supportShould begin with an assessment to determine prior knowledge and move the student forwardProvides a variety of ways to interact with the curriculumTechnology creates new ways to interact with curriculum("Differentiated Instruction | Classroom Challenges | Focus on Effectiveness," n.d.)("Principles of Online Design," n.d.)

Diversified Instruction--ActivitiesCase studyReflective journalResearch reportE-PortfolioWikiBlogsPodcastsSimulation/GamesAuthentic ProjectGroup ProjectsTest/QuizBulletin boardsBulletin boardChat discussions

Communication/FeedbackStudents need to know expectationsInformation needs to be clearly communicatedTo show emotions, use graphics, videos, & photographsThis helps to build excitement Helps student to feel included and not separated("Is Distance Learning Lacking In Communication?," n.d.)("Principles of Online Design," n.d.)

Communication/FeedbackChannels of communication include: email, website forums, chat rooms, & internet conferencingHelp the student to stay in contactProvides the student a means of asking questionsProvides more opportunities for communication than some of the traditional classroom settings("Is Distance Learning Lacking In Communication?," n.d.)("Principles of Online Design," n.d.)

Communication / Feedback-- ActivitiesE-mailWith instructor & classmatesUse a Course Management System Desire 2learn Blackboard AngelMoodleNotes Study GuidesSurvey ToolsDefine objectives thoroughly WikisBlogs

CollaborationPromotes interaction among students for class assignmentsStudents learning teamwork skills (21st Century Skills)Creates a sense of community (Garrison, 2006)Facilitates sharing of knowledge (Logan, Cowan, Herring, & Wilkes, 2009)("Principles of Online Design," n.d.)

CollaborationPromotes reflectionStudents build upon the comments of othersStudent comments are saved in the discussion area and provide opportunity for students to reflect before contributing to the discussion)Helps to build and maintain group/class cohesion(Garrison, 2006)("Principles of Online Design," n.d.)

Collaboration--ActivitiesEmail Bulletin boardsSocial chat roomsList servesPhone conferencingWeb page Post PhotographsInstant messagingWikisBlogsUse of cloud storage

E-Learning Design PrincipalsMultimedia PrinciplesCollaboration PrinciplesPersonalization(Merrill, 2008

E-Learning Design PrincipalsMultimedia--Students learn better when:Words & pictures are better than words aloneWords & pictures need to be close on a pageWords & pictures need to be presented at the same time Animation and narration are included rather than animation and text(Merrill, 2008)

E-Learning Design PrincipalsCollaboration--The main method of collaboration is text but technology is changing to allow for real-time collaboration.Imperative to create a sense of community among the group. This helps to keep the group engaged and seeking knowledge.(Garrison, 2006)

E-Learning Design PrincipalsCollaboration– Trust must be built among the members of the group.A sense of community among the group. This helps to keep the group engaged and seeking knowledge.Have an area where students introduce themselves.Have an area where students can post questions(Garrison, 2006)

E-Learning Design PrincipalsPersonalization—Advances in technology have opened up the avenue of distance learning; information can now be shared quickly and in a variety of formats.When planning instruction, it must be learner centered.Effective learning takes place when students are challenged to think critically—take the material and move beyond just knowing.(Teo & Leng Gay, 2006)

E-Learning Design PrincipalsPersonalization—As distance learning becomes more prevalent instructional designers must strive to create lessons that are more learner centered, giving the learner more choices in how to learn the content and how to demonstrate their mastery of the content. (Teo & Leng Gay, 2006)

Software ApplicationsStudents will use software to interact in the following ways:Learner to the softwareLearner to the contentLearner to other learnersLearner to the instructor(Choy, Ng, & Tsany, 2005)

Software ApplicationsProvide students a location to access class materials—Course Management SystemCourse MaterialsTextbooksSupplemental MaterialsCorrespondenceDiscussion formsPlace to ask questions of instructors(Choy, Ng, & Tsany, 2005)

Software Applications for DEMoodle—Course Management SystemSupports a social constructionist theory of learningOpen Source Course Management SystemMust be installed on a web serverCan be use for fully on-line or blended coursesActivity modules include:Forums, databases, wikis, assessments, delivery of online contentRuns on Linux, Mac, Solaris, or Windows("Moodle.org: About," n.d.)

Software Applications for DEManhattan—Course Management SystemCan be used to add an on-line component to the traditional classroom or for fully on-line classesSoftware is a free downloadMust be loaded on a serverComponents include: Assignments, Lectures, Handouts, Internet Resources, Tests, Chat, Post Office for e-mail, Class Discussion, Podcasts, Grades, or Team Discussion(Manhattan: Simple. Smart. - Welcome, n.d.)

Software ApplicationsIf not using a Learning Management System that contains all the components necessary for student interaction, the following must be easily accessible.E-mail for communicationCourse materials for reviewing/learning contentDiscussion areaDrop box for assignments(Choy, Ng, & Tsany, 2005)

Other software or Web 2.0 tools to use to ensure that your students have a positive Distance Learning Experience. Just a few examples; there are many other open source/free tools available.

Software—Multi MediaAudacity—Audio Player softwareRecording and editing soundsRecord live audioConvert into digital recordingsEdit MP3, WAV, or AIFF sound filesCut, copy, splice or mix soundsChange speed or pitchAvailable for: Mac, Windows, LinuxFree, open source(Audacity: Free Audio Editor and Recorder, n.d.)

Software—Multi MediaWindows Media Player—Digital media player Play audio, videoView images on computer running WindowsRip music from and copy music to CDsBurn recordable CDs in Audio formatAvailable for: WindowsFree, open source(Windows.microsoft, n.d.)

Software—Multi MediaPodBean—Podcast hostingCreate podcastsCreate, upload, publish, & manage your podcastEmbed posdcasts into your email, blogs, websites,Free , must sign up to use(Windows.microsoft, n.d.)

Software—Multi MediaPowerPoint—Presentation softwareCreate slide-based presentations– can include:TextImagesColor slide designs & diagramsVideo—can be embedded or linkedAnimationSoundCost = $57/license (Pomeroy IT Resources) WV State Contract("Microsoft PowerPoint 2010 - Presentation and slide software - Office.com," n.d.)

Software—Multi-MediaPrezi—Presentation softwareCreated and stored on-lineUse frames to show multiple itemsInsert Google images without leaving the Prezi siteInsert bendable linesImage croppingCustomizable themesDrag & drop files to Prezi DesktopCollaborate in real-time with Prezi MeetingCost = Free for educators with registration(Prezi - The Zooming Presentation Editor, n.d.)

Software—CommunicationG-MailAccount free with registrationGoogle DocsCreate documents, upload files, share with othersGoogle TalkChat application, share messages in real time, file transfer, voice chatG-MailSpam blocker, message search, storage space, chat (Gmail, face to face, video), secure, BloggerCollaborate, discuss, share with others, add video("Google Help Centers - Google Help," n.d.)

Software—CommunicationClassChatterUse for blogging and class mailSave for students—private & secureInformation is archived permanently for safetyClass mail Electronic mail can be share with class or individual studentCannot add images directly to page, can use PicOodle (a free image hosting site)Account free for educators with registration(ClassChatter | Safe and Effective Web Tools For the Classroom, n.d.)

Software--CollaborationGoToMeetingUse a Mac, PC, or iPadConference via Phone or computer w/speakersCollaborate with small groupsShare any application on your computer in real timeJoining the meeting takes only secondsOnline demonstrationsCost $500 to $1500 per year("Online Meeting | GoToMeeting," n.d.)

Software--CollaborationSkype--http://www.skype.com/intl/en-us/homeFree video calling on computer, mobile, Skype enabled TV--High Definition capabilityWindows, Mac, Android, iPhoneScreen sharingInstant MessagingGroup video call (3 or more)Send photos or files while you chatFree(Skype, n.d.)

Software--CollaborationSlideshare--http://www.slideshare.net/ Share presentations, documents, videosShare privately or publiclyShare PDFs, Office, OpenOffice, iWorks, docsCan embed widget on blogs, wikis, & websitesCreate slidecasts—a combination slideshow and podcastSync MP3 audio with your slidesFree—must create account(Upload & Share PowerPoint presentations and documents, n.d.)

Software--CollaborationNing--http:www.ning.com Can be private and moderatedCan share photos and videosChat in real-timeCan create groupsCan enable blogging$19.95--$59.95 per year Ad-free(Ning, n.d.)

Design processes for ImplementationThe interaction of these is necessary for learning for student learning. LearnersContentMethod & MaterialsEnvironment Evaluation(Simonson, 2009, pp. 145-160)

Design processes for ImplementationLearners Recognize that learners come from different backgroundsGet to know your studentsAge, grade, rural/urban, cultural backgroundUnderstand their technology abilitiesStudent handouts should be age appropriate(Simonson, 2009, pp. 145-160)

Design processes for ImplementationLearnersStudent need to learn new material with visuals, simulations, and gamesStudents benefit from chat type discussions("Principles of Online Design," n.d.)

Design processes for ImplementationContentShould be relevant to the studentInstruction should be visualUse tables, presentations, graphics, videoStudent group workAll areas of the process should be interactiveStudent training on the technology during the course(Simonson, 2009, pp. 145-160)

Design processes for implementationContent Alternative assignments in case of technical problemsAlternate modes of communication in case of technical problemsPreplanning for technical problems; communicate with students in the beginning.(Simonson, 2009, pp. 145-160)

Design processes for implementationContent Assignments that allow for reflection will increase depth of knowledgeCreate a variety of learning experiencesContent should cover review, new content, & enrichment (Simonson, 2009, pp. 145-160)

Design processes for ImplementationMethods & MaterialsStudent group workAlternative assignments in case of technical problems Lay out the lesson to flow smoothly; carefully consider the order of presentation of learner materials(Simonson, 2009, pp. 145-160)

Design processes for ImplementationMethods & MaterialsPost pertinent course information on-lineUse games & simulationsDiscussionsThreaded discussionChatBusiness hours via chatSubmit Assignments electronically("Principles of Online Design," n.d.)

Design processes for ImplementationEnvironmentPlan for student access of materialsEx. Provide student access to materials in MS Office form and PDF formatUse materials that are visualLarge fontUse fewer wordsUse upper and lower case letterMake use of white space(Simonson, 2009, pp. 145-160)

Design processes for ImplementationEnvironment Use materials that are visual Use colorCopyright issuesAlways abide by all copyright laws and guidelines(Simonson, 2009, pp. 145-160)

Design processes for ImplementationEnvironment--Technology Operation should be smoothStudents should be able to do the assignments within the environmentTechnology should fade to the background; it should be seen as just a tool to get to the content. Plan alternative activities(Simonson, 2009, pp. 145-160)

Design processes for ImplementationEvaluationStudent evaluationsDeadlines are criticalUse online assessmentsGive practice testsPlan for student assessment of the distance learning experience (Simonson, 2009, pp. 145-160)(Simonson, 2009, pp. 145-160)("Principles of Online Design," n.d.)

ReferencesAudacity: Free Audio Editor and Recorder. (n.d.). Retrieved July 09, 2011, from http://audacity.sourceforge.net/Barclay, M., & Schaak, A. V. (2008). Perscriptive principles of instructional design. In M. Merrill (Author), Handbook of Research on Educational Communications and Tecnology. Retrieved July 4, 2011, from http://www.aect.org/edtech/edition3/ER5849x_C014.fm.pdfChoy, S., Ng, S., & Tsany, Y. (2005, November 2). Software agents to assist in distance learning environments. Educause Quarterly. Retrieved July 9, 2011, from http://www.educause.edu/EDUCAUSE+Quarterly/EDUCAUSEQuarterlyMagazineVolum/SoftwareAgentstoAssistinDistan/157342ClassChatter | Safe and Effective Web Tools For the Classroom. (n.d.). Retrieved July 10, 2011, from http://www.classchatter.com/index.phpDifferentiated Instruction | Classroom Challenges | Focus on Effectiveness. (n.d.). Northwest Educational Technology Consortium. Retrieved July 05, 2011, from http://www.netc.org/focus/challenges/instruction.phpGarrison, D. R. (2006). Online collaboration principles. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 10(1).Google Help Centers - Google Help. (n.d.). Google. Retrieved July 10, 2011, from http://www.google.com/support/bin/static.py?page=portal_more.csIs Distance Learning Lacking In Communication? (n.d.). SG & Singapore Map - Singapura, Singapur, Singapore Information. Retrieved July 05, 2011, from http://www.streetdirectory.com/travel_guide/14560/education/is_distance_ learning_lacking_in_communication.htmlLogan, L., Cowan, W., Herring, S., & Wilkes, W. (2009, April 1). Collaborate, engage, and interact in on-line learning [Scholarly project]. Retrieved July 5, 2011, from ttp://www.mtsu.edu/itconf/proceedings/09/CollaborateEngageInter actPaper.pdfManhattan: Simple. Smart. - Welcome. (n.d.). Retrieved July 10, 2011, from http://manhattan.sourceforge.net/

ReferencesMicrosoft PowerPoint 2010 - Presentation and slide software - Office.com. (n.d.). Office - Office.com. Retrieved July 09, 2011, from http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/powerpoint/Moodle.org: About. (n.d.). Moodle.org: Open-source Community-based Tools for Learning. Retrieved July 10, 2011, from http://moodle.org/about/Ning. (n.d.). Retrieved June 29, 2011, from http:www.ning.com Online Meeting | GoToMeeting. (n.d.). Web Conferencing | GoToMeeting. Retrieved July 1, 2011, from http://www.gotomeeting.com/fec/online_meeting Prezi - The Zooming Presentation Editor. (n.d.). Retrieved July 09, 2011, from http://prezi.com/Principles of Online Design. (n.d.). Florida Gulf Coast University - Fort Myers, Florida. Retrieved July 03, 2011, from http://www.fgcu.edu/onlinedesign/index.htmlSimonson, M. R. (2009). Teaching and learning at a distance: foundations of distance education (pp. 145-160). Boston: Allyn & Bacon/Pearson.Skype. (n.d.). Retrieved June 29, 2011, from http://www.skype.com/intl/en-us/home Teo, C. B., & Leng Gay, R. K. (2006). A knowledge-driven model to personalize e-learning. ACM Journal of Educational Resources in Computing, 6(1).Upload & Share PowerPoint Presentations and Documents. (n.d.). Retrieved June 29, 2011, from http://www.slideshare.net/ Who are we. (n.d.). Wikispaces. Retrieved July 10, 2011, from http://www.wikispaces.com/aboutWindows.microsoft. (n.d.). Retrieved July 9, 2011, from http://windows.microsoft.com/en-US/windows/products/windows- media

Tech 571 taylor mounts design principals module 3

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