The Ring programming language version 1.7 book - Part 58 of 196
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The document provides documentation on using RingOpenGL and RingFreeGLUT for 3D graphics in Ring. It includes examples of creating windows and drawing basic shapes using OpenGL functions. Key sections include: - Explaining what RingOpenGL and RingFreeGLUT are and how to load and use them - Examples of creating a window, drawing polygons, and handling window resize events - Demonstrating triangle rotation and handling keyboard events
The Ring programming language version 1.7 book - Part 58 of 196
- 1. Ring Documentation, Release 1.7 You can add the source code (*.ring) and Images/Sound Files to the assets folder. You will find the Flappy Bird 3000 Game ready for building. The execution starts from the start.ring file load "game2.ring" 56.3 Building the project Move to the ring/android/ringlibsdl/project folder We can build using the next command (We need to do this for one time only). ndk-build Then we can create the package (*.apk) using the next command. 56.3. Building the project 542
- 2. Ring Documentation, Release 1.7 ant debug 56.3. Building the project 543
- 3. CHAPTER FIFTYSEVEN USING RINGOPENGL AND RINGFREEGLUT FOR 3D GRAPHICS In this chapter we will learn about using RingOpenGL 57.1 Samples Source (Authors) The samples in this chapter are based on C Tutorials from 1. http://www.lighthouse3d.com/tutorials/glut-tutorial/ 2. http://www.wikihow.com/Make-a-Cube-in-OpenGL 57.2 What is RingOpenGL? RingOpenGL contains the Ring binding to the OpenGL library You can learn about OpenGL from : https://www.opengl.org/ RingOpenGL comes with support for the next versions • OpenGL 1.1 • OpenGL 1.2 • OpenGL 1.3 • OpenGL 1.4 • OpenGL 1.5 • OpenGL 2.0 • OpenGL 2.1 • OpenGL 3.0 • OpenGL 3.2 • OpenGL 3.3 • OpenGL 4.0 • OpenGL 4.1 • OpenGL 4.2 • OpenGL 4.3 544
- 4. Ring Documentation, Release 1.7 • OpenGL 4.4 • OpenGL 4.5 • OpenGL 4.6 For example, if you want to use OpenGL 2.1 then load RingOpenGL 2.1 library load "opengl21lib.ring" 57.3 What is RingFreeGLUT? RingFreeGLUT contains the Ring binding to the FreeGLUT library You can learn about FreeGLUT from : http://freeglut.sourceforge.net/ To use the RingFreeGLUT library, Just load the library load "freeglut.ring" 57.4 The First Window using RingFreeGLUT Example: load "freeglut.ring" func main glutInit() glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE) glutInitWindowSize(800, 600) glutInitWindowPosition(100, 10) glutCreateWindow("RingFreeGLUT - Test 1") glutDisplayFunc(:displayCode) glutMainLoop() func displaycode Screen Shot 57.3. What is RingFreeGLUT? 545
- 5. Ring Documentation, Release 1.7 57.5 Drawing using RingOpenGL Example: load "freeglut.ring" load "opengl21lib.ring" func main glutInit() glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE) glutInitWindowSize(800, 600) glutInitWindowPosition(100, 10) glutCreateWindow("RingFreeGLUT - Test 2") glutDisplayFunc(:displayCode) glutMainLoop() func displaycode glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT) glColor3f(0,255,0) glBegin(GL_POLYGON) glVertex3f(0.0, 0.0, 0.0) 57.5. Drawing using RingOpenGL 546
- 6. Ring Documentation, Release 1.7 glVertex3f(0.5, 0.0, 0.0) glVertex3f(0.5, 0.5, 0.0) glVertex3f(0.0, 0.5, 0.0) glEnd() glColor3f(255,0,0) glBegin(GL_POLYGON) glVertex3f(0.0, 0.0, 0.0) glVertex3f(0.5, 0.0, 0.0) glVertex3f(-0.5,- 1, 0.0) glVertex3f(0.0, -1, 0.0) glEnd() glColor3f(0,0,255) glBegin(GL_POLYGON) glVertex3f(0.0, 0.0, 0.0) glVertex3f(-0.5, 0.0, 0.0) glVertex3f(-0.5,- 0.5, 0.0) glVertex3f(0.0, -0.5, 0.0) glEnd() glFlush() Screen Shot 57.5. Drawing using RingOpenGL 547
- 7. Ring Documentation, Release 1.7 57.6 The First Triangle Example: load "freeglut.ring" load "opengl21lib.ring" func main glutInit() glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DEPTH | GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGBA) glutInitWindowSize(320,320) glutInitWindowPosition(100, 10) glutCreateWindow("RingFreeGLUT - Test 3") glutDisplayFunc(:renderScene) glutMainLoop() func renderScene glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT) glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES) glVertex3f(-0.5,-0.5,0.0) glVertex3f(0.5,0.0,0.0) glVertex3f(0.0,0.5,0.0) glEnd() glutSwapBuffers() Screen Shot 57.6. The First Triangle 548
- 8. Ring Documentation, Release 1.7 57.7 Window Resize Event Example: load "freeglut.ring" load "opengl21lib.ring" func main // init GLUT and create window glutInit() glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DEPTH | GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGBA) glutInitWindowPosition(100,100) glutInitWindowSize(320,320) glutCreateWindow("RingFreeGLUT - Test 4") glutDisplayFunc(:renderScene) glutReshapeFunc(:changeSize) glutMainLoop() func renderScene glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT) glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES) glVertex3f(-2,-2,-5.0) glVertex3f(2,0.0,-5.0) glVertex3f(0.0,2,-5.0) glEnd() glutSwapBuffers() func changesize h = glutEventHeight() w = glutEventWidth() // Prevent a divide by zero, when window is too short // (you cant make a window of zero width). if (h = 0) h = 1 ok ratio = w * 1.0 / h // Use the Projection Matrix glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION) // Reset Matrix glLoadIdentity() // Set the viewport to be the entire window glViewport(0, 0, w, h) // Set the correct perspective. gluPerspective(45,ratio,1,100) 57.7. Window Resize Event 549
- 9. Ring Documentation, Release 1.7 // Get Back to the Modelview glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW) 57.8 Triangle Rotation Example: load "freeglut.ring" load "opengl21lib.ring" angle = 0 func main // init GLUT and create window glutInit() glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DEPTH | GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGBA) glutInitWindowPosition(100,100) glutInitWindowSize(320,320) glutCreateWindow("RingFreeGLUT - Test 5") glutDisplayFunc(:renderScene) glutReshapeFunc(:changeSize) glutIdleFunc(:renderScene) glutMainLoop() func renderScene // Clear Color and Depth Buffers glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT) // Reset transformations glLoadIdentity() // Set the camera gluLookAt( 0.0, 0.0, 10.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0) glRotatef(angle, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0) glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES) glVertex3f(-2.0,-2.0, 0.0) glVertex3f( 2.0, 0.0, 0.0) glVertex3f( 0.0, 2.0, 0.0) glEnd() angle+=0.1 glutSwapBuffers(); func changesize h = glutEventHeight() w = glutEventWidth() 57.8. Triangle Rotation 550
- 10. Ring Documentation, Release 1.7 // Prevent a divide by zero, when window is too short // (you cant make a window of zero width). if (h = 0) h = 1 ok ratio = w * 1.0 / h // Use the Projection Matrix glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION) // Reset Matrix glLoadIdentity() // Set the viewport to be the entire window glViewport(0, 0, w, h) // Set the correct perspective. gluPerspective(45,ratio,1,100) // Get Back to the Modelview glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW) Screen Shot 57.9 Keyboard Events and Colors Example: load "freeglut.ring" load "opengl21lib.ring" 57.9. Keyboard Events and Colors 551