Ui testing in xcode
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This document discusses UI testing in Xcode. It provides an overview of core technologies like accessibility and XCTest that enable UI testing. It covers how to get started with UI testing by creating a target, finding and interacting with UI elements, and using APIs like XCUIApplication and XCUIElement. It also demonstrates how to improve tests by optimizing accessibility data and chaining queries to more easily locate elements.
![Find XCUIElement
func testTapPlayWithoutSingInButton_withoutSigningIn_doGoToHome() {
let app = XCUIApplication()
let playButton = app.buttons["Play without Sign in"]
XCTAssertTrue(playButton.exists)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/uitestinginxcode-180706033815/85/Ui-testing-in-xcode-16-320.jpg)
![Assertion
// assertion
let loginButton = app.tabBars.buttons["Login"]
XCTAssertTrue(loginButton.exists)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/uitestinginxcode-180706033815/85/Ui-testing-in-xcode-18-320.jpg)
![UITest Example
func testTapPlayWithoutSingInButton_withoutSigningIn_doGoToHome() {
let app = XCUIApplication()
let playButton = app.buttons["Play without Sign in"]
XCTAssertTrue(playButton.hasFocus)
XCUIRemote.shared().press(.select)
wait(for: 1)
XCUIRemote.shared().press(.menu)
// assertion
let loginButton = app.tabBars.buttons["Login"]
XCTAssertTrue(loginButton.exists)
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/uitestinginxcode-180706033815/85/Ui-testing-in-xcode-19-320.jpg)
![XCUIElement Exists Example
func testTapPlayButton_signingIn_doGoToHome() {
let app = XCUIApplication()
let playButton = app.buttons["Play without Sign in"]
XCTAssertTrue(playButton.exists)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/uitestinginxcode-180706033815/85/Ui-testing-in-xcode-27-320.jpg)
![Getting Elements from Queries
Method Example
Subscripting table.staticTexts[“YOUR ACCOUNT”]
Index table.staticTexts.element(boundBy: 0)
Unique table.navigationBars.element](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/uitestinginxcode-180706033815/85/Ui-testing-in-xcode-36-320.jpg)
![Improving Accessibility and UI Testing
let textView = app.textViews[“content”]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/uitestinginxcode-180706033815/85/Ui-testing-in-xcode-41-320.jpg)
Ui testing in xcode
- 1. UI Testing in Xcode Allan Shih August 16th, 2017
- 2. Agenda • UI testing – Find and interact with UI elements – Validate UI properties and state • UI recording • Improving Accessibility and UI Testing • Reference
- 4. XCTest • Test case subclasses • Test methods • Assertions • Integrated with Xcode • CI via Xcode Server and xcodebuild • Swift and Objective-C
- 5. Accessibility • Rich semantic data about UI • UIKit and AppKit integration • APIs for fine tuning • UI tests interact with the app the way a user does
- 6. Requirements • UI testing depends on new OS features – iOS 9 – OS X 10.11 • Privacy protection – iOS devices • Enabled for development • Connected to a trusted host running Xcode – OS X must grant permission to Xcode Helper
- 7. Getting Started • Xcode target type • APIs • UI recording
- 8. UI Testing Target Template
- 10. APIs • XCUIApplication • XCUIElement • XCUIElementQuery
- 11. UI Recording • Interact with your app • Recording generates the code – Create new tests – Expand existing tests
- 12. DEMO Getting started with UI testing
- 13. What Did You See? • Using recording – Finding UI elements – Synthesizing user events • Adding validation with XCTAssert
- 14. UI Testing API
- 15. Setup
- 16. Find XCUIElement func testTapPlayWithoutSingInButton_withoutSigningIn_doGoToHome() { let app = XCUIApplication() let playButton = app.buttons["Play without Sign in"] XCTAssertTrue(playButton.exists)
- 17. Press Button on Remote Control // action XCUIRemote.shared().press(.select) wait(for: 1) XCUIRemote.shared().press(.menu)
- 18. Assertion // assertion let loginButton = app.tabBars.buttons["Login"] XCTAssertTrue(loginButton.exists)
- 19. UITest Example func testTapPlayWithoutSingInButton_withoutSigningIn_doGoToHome() { let app = XCUIApplication() let playButton = app.buttons["Play without Sign in"] XCTAssertTrue(playButton.hasFocus) XCUIRemote.shared().press(.select) wait(for: 1) XCUIRemote.shared().press(.menu) // assertion let loginButton = app.tabBars.buttons["Login"] XCTAssertTrue(loginButton.exists) }
- 20. XCUIApplication • Proxy for the tested application – Tests run in a separate process • Launch – Always spawns a new process – Implicitly terminates any preexisting instance • Starting point for finding elements
- 21. XCUIElement • Proxy for elements in application • Types – Button, Cell, Window, etc. • Identifiers – Accessibility identifier, label, title, etc. • Most elements are found by combining type and identifier
- 22. Element Hierarchy Application |- View |- Table |- Cell | |- “YOUR ACCOUNT” | |- Cell | |- “john.smith2@mattel.com” | |- Cell | |- “KID ACCOUNTS”
- 23. Element Hierarchy Application |- View |- Table |- Cell | |- “YOUR ACCOUNT” | |- Cell | |- “john.smith2@mattel.com” | |- Cell | |- “KID ACCOUNTS”
- 24. Element Hierarchy Application |- View |- Table |- Cell | |- “YOUR ACCOUNT” | |- Cell | |- “john.smith2@mattel.com” | |- Cell | |- “KID ACCOUNTS”
- 25. Element Hierarchy Application |- View |- Table |- Cell | |- “YOUR ACCOUNT” | |- Cell | |- “john.smith2@mattel.com” | |- Cell | |- “KID ACCOUNTS”
- 26. Element Uniqueness • Every XCUIElement is backed by a query • Query must resolve to exactly one match – No matches or multiple matches cause test failure – Failure raised when element resolves query • Exception – exists property
- 27. XCUIElement Exists Example func testTapPlayButton_signingIn_doGoToHome() { let app = XCUIApplication() let playButton = app.buttons["Play without Sign in"] XCTAssertTrue(playButton.exists)
- 28. Event Synthesis • Simulate user interaction on elements • APIs are platform-specific – button.click() // OS X – button.tap() // iOS – XCUIRemote.shared().press(.select) // tvOS – textField.typeText(“Hello, World!”) // iOS & OS X & tvOS
- 29. XCUIElementQuery • Queries resolve to collections of accessible elements – Number of matches: count – Specify by identifier: subscripting – Specify by index: element(boundBy: Index)
- 30. XCUIElementQuery - Descendant Application |- View |- Table |- Cell | |- “YOUR ACCOUNT” | |- Cell | |- “john.smith2@mattel.com” | |- Cell | |- “KID ACCOUNTS”
- 31. XCUIElementQuery - Children Application |- View |- Table |- Cell | |- “YOUR ACCOUNT” | |- Cell | |- “john.smith2@mattel.com” | |- Cell | |- “KID ACCOUNTS”
- 32. XCUIElementQuery - Containment Application |- View |- Table |- Cell | |- “YOUR ACCOUNT” | |- Cell | |- “john.smith2@mattel.com” | |- Cell | |- “KID ACCOUNTS”
- 33. XCUIElementQuery - Filtering • Element type – Button, table, menu, etc. • Identifiers – Accessibility identifier, label, title, etc. • Predicates – Value, partial matching, etc.
- 34. Combining Relationships and Filtering • let allButtons = app.buttons • let allCellsInTable = table.cells • let allMenuItemsInMenu = menu.menuItems
- 35. Find elements by describing their descendants Application |- View |- Table |- Cell | |- “YOUR ACCOUNT” | |- Cell | |- “KID ACCOUNTS” let cellQuery = app.tables.cells.containing( .staticText, identifier: ”YOUR ACCOUNT” )
- 36. Getting Elements from Queries Method Example Subscripting table.staticTexts[“YOUR ACCOUNT”] Index table.staticTexts.element(boundBy: 0) Unique table.navigationBars.element
- 37. DEMO Getting Elements from Queries
- 38. API Recap
- 39. Accessibility and UI Testing Accessibility data makes UI testing possible
- 40. Poor Accessibility Data let textView = XCUIApplication().windows .children(matching: .other).element(boundBy: 2) .children(matching: .other).element .children(matching: .textView).element
- 41. Improving Accessibility and UI Testing let textView = app.textViews[“content”]
- 43. Reference • UI Testing in Xcode - WWDC 2015 • UI Testing Cheat Sheet • iOS Unit Testing and UI Testing Tutorial - raywenderlich • Getting started with Xcode UI testing in Swift - Medium