Using Perfect Forms in Speaking
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This document discusses the use of the present perfect tense in casual conversation. It notes that the present perfect is often used to start or end conversations with general questions or statements. It also explains that in casual speech, speakers sometimes omit the helping verbs "have" and "has" from the present perfect. Finally, it cautions that the present perfect forms "have gotten" and "have got/has got" should not be confused, as they have different meanings.
Using Perfect Forms in Speaking
- 1. Section A
- 2. What up to?have you been We often use the present perfect when we ask general questions or make general statements. General questions and statements are common when we are trying to start a conversation or end a conversation. For example, starting a conversation: before?Haven’t we met you somewhere before?Haven’t I seen
- 3. good to talk to you.It’s been Ending a conversation: talking with you.I’ve enjoyed great seeing you again.It’s been
- 4. Section B
- 5. You my purse?seen In casual conversation, speakers sometimes omit the helping verbs have and has from the present perfect. For example: (Have you seen my purse?) He always this selfish?been This is especially common with the main verb be. (Has he always been this selfish?) How you been? (How have you been?)
- 6. long?Been married Speakers may also omit the subject. For example: (Have you been married long?)
- 7. Section C
- 8. Be careful not to confuse these forms. Have gotten or has gotten is the present perfect of get: Computers a lot better.have gotten (Computers have become a lot better.) your paycheck yet?Have you gotten (Have you received your paycheck yet?)
- 9. Have got to or has got to is a phrasal modal, similar in meaning to must or have to: to leave.I’ve got to (I must leave. It is necessary.) some money.I’ve got (I have some money.) Have got or has got can be used for possession: