How to Use VSM Correctly
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The document discusses how value stream mapping (VSM) is a lean method for analyzing and designing processes from start to finish, aiding in improvement, communication, and innovation within organizations. It emphasizes the integration of VSM with the improvement kata, encouraging users to focus on future-state mapping as a tool for achieving strategic goals and shared challenges. By establishing a clear current state and future state, organizations can systematically implement changes that lead to effective process improvements.
![© Mike Rother TOYOTA KATA
5
Target
Condition ChallengeObstacles Vision
Current
Condition
THE FIRST STEP OF THE IK PATTERN
IS TO HAVE AN OVERARCHING CHALLENGE
“When people see themselves as components in a system
[and] work in cooperation to achieve a shared aim, they
feel that their efforts hold meaning. They experience
interest and challenge and joy in the work.”
~ W. Edwards Deming, The New Economics, page 128
Having an overarching challenge is
important; so that individual target
conditions are seen as meaningful.
Itʼs difficult for us to stay engaged with
something that doesnʼt have a purpose.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/vsmandik-110717214058-phpapp02/85/How-to-Use-VSM-Correctly-5-320.jpg)
How to Use VSM Correctly
- 1. © Mike Rother TOYOTA KATA 1 How to Use Mike Rother, July 2011 Copyright © 2014 Mike Rother, all rights reserved 1217 Baldwin Avenue / Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA / tel: (734) 665-5411 / mrother@umich.edu Value Stream Mapping Correctly Combining Value Stream Mapping and the Improvement Kata
- 2. © Mike Rother TOYOTA KATA 2 Value stream mapping (VSM) is a Lean method for analyzing the current state and designing a future state for the series of events that take a product or service from its beginning through to the customer. The book Learning to See, which I co-authored with John Shook and Jim Womack, is an instruction manual for VSM. We've not found another tool that works as well for analyzing & designing flows at the system level. Value Stream Mapping can be used for various purposes, such as: Helping you quickly understand how a system works from door to door. (I sketch a simple map nearly every time I visit a factory.) Helping you communicate. A main purpose of Value Stream Mapping is to support an ongoing process of improvement, adaptation and innovation by providing a sense of direction. Thatʼs what this SlideShare is about. INTRODUCTION q q
- 3. © Mike Rother TOYOTA KATA 3 YOU NEED A SENSE OF DIRECTION, AND AN EFFECTIVE WAY OF MOVING THERE The system-level view, through Value Stream Mapping Working scientifically, with the Improvement Kata
- 4. © Mike Rother TOYOTA KATA 4 Value stream mapping is not an end in itself. Itʼs something that assists in the process of improvement. The purpose of this SlideShare is to encourage you to use Value Stream Mapping (VSM) as a tool and practice within a systematic, scientific improvement pattern like the Improvement Kata / Coaching Kata. EFFECTIVE USE OF VALUE STREAM MAPPING In short, you use the future-state map to focus and aim individual improvement efforts toward a common breakthrough challenge.
- 5. © Mike Rother TOYOTA KATA 5 Target Condition ChallengeObstacles Vision Current Condition THE FIRST STEP OF THE IK PATTERN IS TO HAVE AN OVERARCHING CHALLENGE “When people see themselves as components in a system [and] work in cooperation to achieve a shared aim, they feel that their efforts hold meaning. They experience interest and challenge and joy in the work.” ~ W. Edwards Deming, The New Economics, page 128 Having an overarching challenge is important; so that individual target conditions are seen as meaningful. Itʼs difficult for us to stay engaged with something that doesnʼt have a purpose.
- 6. © Mike Rother TOYOTA KATA 6 Current State VS Map Future State VS Map Today 2 Weeks to 3 Months 1-3 Years Maybe Never CURRENT CONDITION TARGET CONDITION CHALLENGE VISION TERMINOLOGY (timeline is not to scale) It takes multiple successive Target Conditions to reach the Challenge The Organizationʼs Strategic Concept Grasp the Current Condition Establish Your Next Target Condition Get the Direction or Challenge IK Process Analysis
- 7. © Mike Rother TOYOTA KATA 7 Grasp the Current Condition Establish the Next Target Condition Target Condition Iterate Toward the Target Condition C C T C Understand the Direction ONE WAY TO ESTABLISH CHALLENGE IS WITH FUTURE-STATE VALUE STREAM MAPPING With or without directional guidance from an organizationʼs leader level, Future- State Mapping at the product-family level can help provide a necessary sense of direction and challenge. A future-state Value Stream map is sometimes even called a Challenge Map. Value Stream Mapping
- 8. © Mike Rother TOYOTA KATA 8 What is the the direction in which process teams should improve? The future-state map 'connects the dots' of individual improvement efforts by providing a common challenge to strive for. This aligns your process-improvement efforts Vision Target Condition Target Condition Target Condition Next Target Condition Next Target Condition Next Target Condition THE ROLE OF VALUE STREAM MAPPING Value Stream Mapping is a tool for analyzing & designing the flow across multiple processes Challenge Process Team A Process Team B Process Team C This is a main intended role for VSM! Typically a 6-month to 3-year timeframe
- 9. © Mike Rother TOYOTA KATA 9 WHERE VALUE STREAM MAPPING FITS IN (1) Understand the Direction or Challenge (2) Grasp the Current Condition (3) Establish the Next Target Condition (4) Iterate Toward the Target Condition PLANNING PHASE EXECUTING Organization Level Value Stream Loop Level Process Level Future-State Value Stream Mapping The 4 Steps of the Improvement Kata Current-State Value Stream Mapping Diagram by Emiel Van Est Organizationʼs Strategic Concept Value Stream Level Future-State Loop Mapping Current-State Loop Mapping IK Process Analysis
- 10. © Mike Rother TOYOTA KATA 10 The diagram on the previous page & below depicts how the four steps of the Improvement Kata pattern are utilized at each level of an organization. The diagonal arrows show how the Target Condition at one level becomes the Direction or Challenge for the next level down. At the value-stream level, current-state value stream mapping is used for the Kata step of grasping the current condition, and future-state mapping is used for the Kata step of establishing the target condition. VSM is then often also used to assess and design value stream loops. Future-state value stream maps define the direction / challenge for the improvement process at the loops and work processes inside that value stream HOW IT WORKS IK Process Analysis
- 11. © Mike Rother TOYOTA KATA 11 Coaches Value Streams Coaches VS Loops Coaches Processes Organizationʼs Strategic Goal Value Stream Goal Value Stream Loop Goal Process Goal COACHING TO AN OVERARCHING CHALLENGE Finally... a practical way to operationalize strategy deployment!
- 12. © Mike Rother TOYOTA KATA 12 Future-State Value Stream Design “Build to truck, kitchen at a time” Build one customer kitchen at a time and put it right on the truck. “Same day, next day” Assemble the day ordered, and ship the next day. SUMMARIZE THE FUTURE-STATE GOAL WITH A CHALLENGE STATEMENT This is a “theme”... a compact description of what this value stream is aiming for overall Future State Value Stream Map + Some actual examples: Value Stream Challenge Statement MAPPING TIP
- 13. © Mike Rother TOYOTA KATA 13 Donʼt value stream map the current state, highlight problems with lightning bursts and then just go after those issues. Thatʼs not an effective way to improve. Itʼs too random. The main purpose of drawing a current state value stream map is not to see problems, wastes or improvement opportunities for quick resolution, but to provide the basis for designing a future state. MAPPING TIP: DONʼT MAKE THIS MISTAKE A common VSM error
- 14. © Mike Rother TOYOTA KATA 14 Once youʼve drawn the current state map, the next step is to design a future value stream that answers the question: “How do we want this value stream to be functioning (to flow) 1-3 years in the future?” LIGHTNING BURSTS DONʼT BELONG ON THE CURRENT STATE VALUE STREAM MAP You havenʼt yet defined where you want to go Then you can draw lightning bursts onto the future-state map to indicate construction sites you think will be necessary in order to achieve your future-state flow design. Here, for example, are the kaizen bursts from the future-state map in Learning to See, page 78.
- 15. © Mike Rother TOYOTA KATA 15 Do This: Current-State Map Future-State Map Current-State Map Chasing after problems / wastes / opportunities WORK IN A GOAL-DIRECTED MANNER Donʼt Do This:
- 16. © Mike Rother TOYOTA KATA 16 Current State VS Map Scientifically moving toward the future-state design (iterating) by applying the Improvement Kata pattern at individual processes Future State VS Map CC TC1 CC TC2 CC TC3 CC TCn CC = Current Condition, TC = Successive Target Conditions Value Stream Level Process Level Once youʼve drawn the future-state value-stream map, work toward that objective by utilizing the Improvement Kata pattern at each level in the value stream. MOVE TOWARD YOUR FUTURE STATE DESIGN SYSTEMATICALLY & SCIENTIFICALLY Work iteratively, with the scientific Improvement Kata pattern
- 17. © Mike Rother TOYOTA KATA 17 AS SUGGESTED IN LEARNING TO SEE, BREAK YOUR FUTURE-STATE VALUE STREAM MAP INTO LOOPS The future-state characteristics for the loops of a value stream provide challenge and coordination for establishing target conditions at the individual work processes inside those loops. The future- state design for a value stream loop is a hoshin for improvement at the processes in that loop. What do the processes in this loop need to work on, to help achieve the VS loop goal? See p.86 in Learning to SeeA VS loop often corresponds to a “Department” in an organization
- 18. © Mike Rother TOYOTA KATA 18 DEAR VALUE STREAM MAPPERS... We invite you to use this effective ʻconnectedʼ approach to Value Stream Mapping (integrating VSM with the Improvement Kata / Coaching Kata patterns) and to share what you learn on SlideShare, YouTube, in articles and so on.