Web evolution (Part I)
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This document discusses the evolution of the web from its inception in 1991 to present-day mobile web technologies. It outlines key milestones in web development, including the transition from Web 1.0, characterized by static content, to Web 2.0 with user-generated content and social media, leading to the current mobile web paradigm. The document also examines various driving forces behind this evolution, such as technological advancements, market changes, and user behavior.
![Web 1.0 Web sites
R.Polillo, May 2014
20
Corporate Web sites
Portals and search engines
eCommerce
[Enterprise portals]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/webevolutioni-urbeur-140512104823-phpapp01/85/Web-evolution-Part-I-19-320.jpg)
![Corporate Web sites
R.Polillo, May 2014
21
Target: customers, investors, press, general
public
Who & where we are, what we do, our
products / services, [online sales]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/webevolutioni-urbeur-140512104823-phpapp01/85/Web-evolution-Part-I-20-320.jpg)
Web evolution (Part I)
- 1. May 12, 2014 University of Milano Bicocca URBEUR-QUASI PhD Programme The evolution of the Web Part I: The story Roberto Polillo Department of Informatics, Systems and Communications University of Milano Bicocca 1
- 2. Our goal: to discuss the evolution of the Web R.Polillo, May 2014 3 Part I (today): The story A summary of the milestones / paradigms of the evolution of the Web: 1990-today Part II (next Monday): The driving forces A summary of market mechanisms that drive the growth of the Web online services
- 3. R.Polillo, May 2014 4 "You cannot step into the same river twice" "Change alone is unchanging" Heraclitus
- 4. The evolution of the Web R.Polillo, May 2014 5 From the first Web site (1991), the Web is continuously growing and changing its nature In parallel, telephony is drastically changed (fixed → mobile) Drivers of this evolution: tecnology, market, people behaviour
- 5. Four Internet paradigms R.Polillo, May 2014 6 1995+ Corporate sites Web portals Search engines E-commerce Web as an interface …. HYPERTEXT, eCOMMERCE 2005+ Blogs Social networks UGC Cooperative creation Sharing Reusable contents … SOCIAL MEDIA 1985 + E-mail File transfer Newsgroups …. COMMUNICATION NETWORK
- 6. 2015+ MOBILE WEB Mobile devices Cloud computing Geolocalzation Camera phone Augmented reality Electronic wallet Four Internet paradigms R.Polillo, May 2014 7 Mobile devices Desktop + laptop Worldwide installed base
- 8. Web sites growth (world) R.Polillo, May 2014 9 Source: http://gandalf.it/dati millions Active sites "Dead"sites
- 9. Web sites languages R.Polillo, May 2014 10 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Internet_usage (April 2013)
- 10. Internet host growth (World) R.Polillo, May 2014 11 Source: Internet Systems Consortium, from Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Internet_usage
- 11. Internet users growth (World) R.Polillo, May 2014 12 Source: ITU, Measuring the Information Society 2013 (onlinte)
- 12. Growth of .it domains R.Polillo, May 2014 13 thousands Source: http://gandalf.it/dati
- 13. Internet traffic growth (World) R.Polillo, May 2014 14 http://gizmodo.com/5614841/ web video p2p
- 14. Nature of Internet traffic R.Polillo, May 2014 15 Da Wired
- 15. Paradigm #1: Web 1.016 R.Polillo, May 2014
- 16. Web 1.0 MS Explorer Amazon eBay IPO Netscape 1990 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2000 2001 2002 First web site at CERN W3C Netscape Navigator Yahoo Mosaic Google Mozilla Napster Paypal Max NASDAQ 9/11 Min NASDAQ Nasdaq Composite Index R.Polillo, May 2014 17
- 17. Web 1.0: main characteristics R.Polillo, May 2014 18 Site content produced by site publisher Hierarchical organization and navigation thru menu Single user ↔ web site interaction Interaction with data bases "Closed" services (“get the user and keep her within site”)
- 18. Narrowband connection R.Polillo, May 2014 19
- 19. Web 1.0 Web sites R.Polillo, May 2014 20 Corporate Web sites Portals and search engines eCommerce [Enterprise portals]
- 20. Corporate Web sites R.Polillo, May 2014 21 Target: customers, investors, press, general public Who & where we are, what we do, our products / services, [online sales]
- 21. Portals R.Polillo, May 2014 22 Access to set of online resources Thematic "channels" General portals vs "vortals" Personalization (“myPortal”) Very large developments in late '90s www.yahoo.com from 1994, always among the first 5 more visited sites
- 22. Short history of Yahoo! R.Polillo, May 2014 23 1996: http://web.archive.org/web/19961022175643/http://www10.yahoo.com/ 1999: http://web.archive.org/web/19990208021636/http://www12.yahoo.com/ 2001: http://web.archive.org/web/20011108000033/http://www.yahoo.com/ 2003 http://web.archive.org/web/20031211113526/http://www.yahoo.com/ 2005 http://web.archive.org/web/20051220154406/http://www.yahoo.com/? 2007: http://web.archive.org/web/20071229022936/http://www.yahoo.com/ 2010: http://web.archive.org/web/20101016230535/http://www.yahoo.com/ Today: www.yahoo.com http://www.archive.org/ (from 1996)
- 23. Italy: the beginning R.Polillo, May 2014 24 VideoOnLine (Grauso, 1994 → Tin.it, 1996) (1996)
- 24. Enterprise portals R.Polillo, May 2014 25 Internal to organization: Document management Internal communication Internal procedures and forms Front-end to corporate information systems Private corporate networks slowly adopt Internet protocols ("intranet")
- 25. E-commerce: main success stories R.Polillo, May 2014 26 http://www.amazon.com from 1995 Current size: http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=amazon.com http://www.ebay.com from 1995 Current size: http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=ebay.com
- 26. The "dot.com bubble"27 R.Polillo, May 2014
- 27. IPO (Initial Public Offering) frenzy R.Polillo, May 2014 28 dot.com frenzy started by Netscape IPO (Aug 9, 1995) Founded 18 months earlier 16 M$ revenues, no profit Market cap at IPO: 1 B$ (!) Large venture capital, to bring startups to IPO Many irrealistic business models NASDAQ bubble, then fall (2000-2001) Silicon Valley stops completely
- 28. The "dot.com bubble” MS Explorer Amazon eBay IPO Netscape 1990 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2000 2001 2002 First web site at CERN W3C Netscape Navigator Yahoo Mosaic Google Mozilla Napster Paypal Max NASDAQ 9/11 Min NASDAQ Nasdaq Composite Index March 10 2000: index at 5132 March 10 2000: index at 5132 Oct 9 2002: index at 1114 Oct 9 2002: index at 1114 R.Polillo, May 2014 29
- 29. R.Polillo, May 2014 30 But the life continues….
- 30. Paradigm #2: Web 2.031 R.Polillo, May 2014
- 31. Web 2.0: birth of a name R.Polillo, May 2014 32 First O’Reilly Media Web 2.0 Conference (Oct 2004) The Internet community realizes that the Web is changed…
- 32. Web 2.0 key aspects R.Polillo, May 2014 33 Social media: The user is the leading actor User interaction throu the Web: one-to-many (blog), many-to-many (social media) Services to host User Generated Content (UGC), to be shared with other users Collective creation User rating in e-commerce "Market are conversations" (Cluetrain manifesto, 1999-2000) The Web as a computing platform: Online services, virtualization Perpetuale beta Component and service mashups Rich Internet Applications (RIA) technologies
- 33. Web 2.0 2000 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Twitter, Slideshare, Scribd Google DocsYouTube , Joomla, NingFlickr, Facebook Skype WordPress Blogger LinkedIn iPhone Groupon Android, Dropbox Foursquar e WhatsApp iPad, Pinterest Instagram Google+ Wikipedi a (In red start of mobile Web) Internet traffic video R.Polillo, May 2014 34
- 34. Xmas 2006 Media acknowledge the paradigm change R.Polillo, May 2014 35
- 35. Top 5 sites (Q4/09 – Q1/13) R.Polillo, May 2014 36 Source: Alexa
- 36. Another bubble? R.Polillo, May 2014 37 Netscape IPO Google IPO Aug 19 2004 LinkedIn IPO (NYSE) Facebook IPO Twitter IPO (NYSE) 199 4 199 5 199 7 199 6 March 10 2000: 5049 (Indice Nasdaq 1994-2013)
- 37. In the meanwhile, telephony changes…38 R.Polillo, May 2014
- 38. Fasi della storia del Web 39 FirstW eb site atCERN M osaic (N CSA) W 3C;N etscape N avigator Netscape IPO ,,M S Explorer,Am azon,eBay Boom and fallofNASD AQ G oogle IPO ;Facebook 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 0990 10 11 12 WEB 1.0 WEB 2.0crisisPre-history G oogle founded 9/11;W ikipedia Financialcrisi iPhone,Android Tw itter iPad FB IPO Nasdaq Composite Index YouTube Internet traffic video
- 39. R.Polillo, May 201440 SMS 2 G Nokia 5110 GSM (candybar) SMS, watch, sveglia, rubrica, calcolatrice, rubrica, giochi, suonerie MMS WAP 2.5 G Motorola V3 RAZR "Feature phone" GPRS (candybar, clamshell) + MMS,,photocamera, email, (Internet) Touch phone iPhone + multitouch, sensors, GPS, app, … 3 G Blackberry "Smartphone" + alphanumeric kb, PDA, video, GPS, radio, MP3, OS, …TELEFONIA MOBILE TIM, Omnitel FirstW eb site atCERN M osaic (N CSA) W 3C;N etscape N avigator Netscape IPO ,,M S Explorer,Am azon, Boom and fallofNASD AQ G oogle IPO ;Facebook 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 0990 10 11 12G oogle founded 9/11;W ikipedia Financialcrisi iPhone,Android Tw itter iPad FB IPO YouTube
- 40. IP telephony R.Polillo, May 2014 41 Skype Internet based video-telephony, free Starting 2003, acquired by eBay in 2005, then by Microsoft in 2011 (8,5 B$) 2012: 700 ml accounts; one third of all international calls pass through Skype Jan 2013: 50 ml concurrent users WhatsApp Free SMS via IP Started in 2009, acquired by Facebook in 2014 (19 B$)
- 41. The "mobile miracle" R.Polillo, May 201442 ITU, Measuring the Information Society 2012 Mobile cellular subscriptions 6 years gap ITU, Measuring the Information Society 2013 Internet users 90% of world population has access to a cellphone
- 43. Paradigm #3: Mobile Web44 R.Polillo, May 2014
- 44. Apple iPhone (2007) R.Polillo, May 2014 45
- 45. Android R.Polillo, May 2014 46 Linux based mobile OS Initially developed by Android Inc., acquired by Google in 2005 Open-source First android phone: end 2008 Today the largest market share for mobile OS
- 46. Mobile OS market share R.Polillo, May 2014 47 Source: StatCounter
- 47. Apple iPAD (2010) R.Polillo, May 2014 48
- 48. Samsung Galaxy S series (Android) R.Polillo, May 2014 49 2010 2013
- 49. Mobile installed base (World) R.Polillo, May 2014 50
- 51. "Mobile" may be misleading… R.Polillo, May 2014 52 Emphasis is not on the "moveability" Emphasis is on the fact that we always bring them with us Small, portable, personal, context-aware, multi- function devices… … which can also be used to make a phone call
- 52. A complete paradigm change R.Polillo, May 2014 53 Access from fixed location Ubiquitous, contextualizedl access Device is geo-localized, has eyes, hears, voice, knows its user and is connected to a global computing platform
- 53. Devices change our behaviours R.Polillo, May 2014 54 Monthly pro-capite use of cellphones in USA: voice vs SMS (Nielsen)
- 54. Monthly pro-capite use of cellphones: voice vs SMS by age in USA R.Polillo, May 2014 55 Q2 2008, Nielsen
- 55. Camera phone R.Polillo, May 2014 56 Started circa 2002, with MMS services Now editing (photo and video) and immediate uploading / sharing on the net >250 ml photos uploaded daily to Facebook Photo & videa cameras change their nature
- 57. Samsung Cameraphone (Android) R.Polillo, May 2014 58
- 58. Camera eyes: QRCODE R.Polillo, May 2014 59
- 59. Augmented reality R.Polillo, May 2014 60
- 60. Augmented reality R.Polillo, May 2014 61
- 61. Augmented reality R.Polillo, May 2014 62
- 62. But we cannot do everything with a small, portable device… R.Polillo, May 2014 63 Mobile and cloud com puting are strongly related CLOUD Tks Lara Ciccarelli per i disegni
- 63. And now… https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ErpNpR3XYUw apr 2012 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fNATuCkRWFE feb 2013 R.Polillo, May 2014 64
- 64. Smart watches R.Polillo, May 2014 65
- 65. Smartphone voice assistant Apple Siri: in iPhone 4S ott 2011, in iPad in set 2012 Demo: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MtwVQhEXCcc Google Voice Search/Google now: ottobre 2012, orientato al search Microsoft Cortana: 2014 http://bgr.com/2014/04/14/cortana-vs-siri-vs-google-now Il futuro anche nei sistemi di guida di autoveicoli R.Polillo - Marzo 2014 66
- 66. Conclusion R.Polillo, May 2014 67 "You cannot step into the same river twice" "Change alone is unchanging" Heraclitus
- 67. R.Polillo, May 201468 Thank you! www.rpolillo.it Roberto.polillo@unimib.it