What makes up weather ( whole presentation )
- 1. What makes up the Atmosphere?
- 2. Layers of the atmosphere • There are 5 layers of the atmosphere : (From the closet to the earth to the farthest) 1)Troposphere 2) Stratosphere 3) Mesosphere 4) Thermosphere 5)Exosphere
- 5. Troposphere -It is the layer closet to the surface where all life exists. - Most of the weather occur in the troposphere. - The air is densest in this layer , which makes up about 80% of the total mass of the atmosphere.
- 6. Stratosphere - It is the next layer of the atmosphere. - The air in this layer is thinner and drier than that of the troposphere. - Jet planes normally fly within the stratosphere, as it is more stable - The stratosphere contains ozone.
- 8. Mesosphere -The coldest layer of the atmosphere. - Although the air is very thin it still produces enough friction to cause meteoroids to burn up.
- 9. Thermosphere -The temperature is extremely high 1200◦C -Where space shuttles orbit
- 11. Weather • Weather it is the condition of the atmosphere at a particular time and place .
- 12. What can cause the changes of weather? •Weather variables: 1) Temperature 2) Wind 3)Moisture 4)Precipitation 5)Cloud Cover
- 13. Insolation • It is the amount of sun energy reaching the Earth at a given time and place
- 14. What is the angle of insolation? • a measure of how high the sun is in the sky • measured from the horizon up to the position of the sun
- 15. What happens as the angle increases or decreases? •As the angle of insolation increases, intensity increases. (heat concentrated in smaller area.)
- 16. •As the angle of intensity decreases, heat is spread out over a larger area.
- 17. Low angle: Less absorbed High angle: More absorbed • Intensity of insolation varies over the Earth because of the curvature of the Earth. Earth
- 18. Where is intensity the greatest and lowest? •Intensity greatest near the Equator. •Sun’s rays are direct •Intensity low at the poles
- 19. At what time is the angle and intensity of insolation greatest? •The noon sun has the greatest angle of insolation.
- 20. How to measure angle of insolation ? • WE can measure ion angle of insolation
- 21. Why does the angle of insolation change between midday and evening? The angle of insolation decreases because the Earth’s rotation ,and the air temperature usually decrease .
- 23. Pressure• It is the weight of air pressing on a unit area.
- 24. • The difference of air pressure is due to unequal heating of the Earth. • Warm air masses have fewer air molecules than cold air masses.
- 25. What is the relation between temperature and pressure ? As the temperature increases the air particles are far away from each other decreasing the pressure As the temperature increases the pressure decreases
- 26. Air Pressure •Air Pressure is a measure of the force of the air pressing down on the earth’s surface
- 27. Air Pressure can vary at any particular point on the Earth depending on the density of the air Density = mass / volume
- 28. Convection Cell -Suppose air in an area is cool and under high pressure -If a near by place is warmer and at a lower pressure -The air will move from high pressure area to a low pressure area . This is called “Surface wind”
- 29. • What do you think can increase the intensity of the wind ? • As the difference in pressure increases the wind intensity increases • Unequal heating and cooling of air results in difference in pressure • Where warm air will move • Up and cold air moves down making a circular pattern of rising and sinking air and wind called “Convection cell”
- 30. Sea Breeze
- 31. Land Breeze