Who Owns Knowledge? #DR10
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The document examines the concept of knowledge ownership, discussing topics such as copyright, copyleft, Creative Commons, and open access publishing. It emphasizes the importance of retaining rights for authors while promoting the sharing and dissemination of research outputs through institutional repositories and open access mandates. Additionally, it addresses the implications of sharing knowledge, weighing the risks and benefits for researchers and institutions.
Who Owns Knowledge? #DR10
- 1. Who Owns Knowledge? Alan Cann School of Biological Sciences University of Leicester http://bit.ly/AJCann
- 2. Acknowledgements Jean-Claude Bradley Elizabeth Brown Anne-Marie Cunningham Gareth Johnson Brian Kelly Cameron Neylon George Roberts Et al.
- 3. DISCLAIMER This disclaimer does not cover misuse, accident, lightning, flood, tornado, tsunami, volcanic eruption, earthquake, hurricanes and other Acts of God, neglect, damage from improper reading, incorrect line voltage, improper or unauthorized use, broken antenna or marred cabinet, missing or altered serial numbers, removal of tag, electromagnetic radiation from nuclear blasts, sonic boom, crash, ship sinking or taking on water, motor vehicle crashing, dropping the item, falling rocks, leaky roof, broken glass, mud slides, forest fire, or projectile which can include, but is not limited to, arrows, bullets, shot, BB’s, paintball, shrapnel, lasers, napalm, torpedoes, or emissions of X-rays, alpha, beta and gamma rays, knives, stones, etc. This presentation is meant for educational purposes only. Any resemblance to real persons, living or dead is purely coincidental. Void where prohibited. Some assembly required. List each check separately by bank number. Batteries not included. Contents may settle during shipment. Use only as directed. No other warranty expressed or implied. Do not use while operating a motor vehicle or heavy equipment. Postage will be paid by addressee. Subject to approval. This is not an offer to sell securities. Apply only to affected area. May be too intense for some viewers. Do not stamp. Use other side for additional listings. For recreational use only. Do not disturb. All models over 18 years of age. If condition persists, consult your physician. No user-serviceable parts inside. Freshest if eaten before date on carton. Subject to change without notice. Times approximate. Simulated picture. No postage necessary if mailed in the United Kingdom. Breaking seal constitutes acceptance of agreement. For off-road use only. As seen on TV. One size fits all. Many suitcases look alike. Contains a substantial amount of non-tobacco ingredients. Colors may, in time, fade. We have sent the forms which seem to be right for you. Slippery when wet. For office use only. Edited for television. Keep cool; process promptly. Post office will not deliver without postage. List was current at time of printing. Return to sender, no forwarding order on file, unable to forward. Not responsible for direct, indirect, incidental or consequential damages resulting from any defect, error or failure to perform. At participating locations only. Not the Beatles. Penalty for private use. See label for sequence. Substantial penalty for early withdrawal. Do not write below this line. Falling rock. Lost ticket pays maximum rate. Your cancelled check is your receipt. Add toner. Place stamp here. Avoid contact with skin. Sanitized for your protection. Be sure each item is properly endorsed. Sign here without admitting guilt. Employees and their families are not eligible. Beware of dog. Contestants have been briefed on some questions before the show. Limited time offer, call now to insure prompt delivery. You must be present to win. No passes accepted for this engagement. No purchase necessary. Processed at location stamped in code at top of carton. Shading within a garment may occur. Use only in well-ventilated area. Keep away from fire or flame. Replace with same type. Approved for veterans. Booths for two or more. Check here if tax deductible. Some equipment shown is optional. Price does not include taxes. No Canadian coins. Not recommended for children. Prerecorded for this time zone. Reproduction strictly prohibited. No solicitors. No alcohol, dogs, or horses. No anchovies unless otherwise specified. Restaurant package, not for resale. List at least two alternate dates. First pull up, then pull down. Call toll free before digging. Driver does not carry cash. Some of the trademarks mentioned in this product appear for identification purposes only. Record additional transactions on back of previous stub. Decision of judges is final. This supersedes all previous notices.
- 6. Copyright A form of intellectual property that gives the author of an original work exclusive rights in relation to that work for a certain time period, including its publication, distribution and adaptation, after which time the work enters the public domain.
- 7. Copyleft The practice of using copyright law to offer the right to distribute copies and modified versions of a work, requiring that the same rights be preserved in modified versions of the work.
- 8. Creative Commons (CC) A non-profit organization devoted to expanding the range of creative works available for others to build on and share. Creative Commons licenses allow creators to communicate which rights they reserve, and which rights they waive for the benefit of recipients or other creators.
- 9. Open Access Open access publishing provides free online access to articles published in scholarly journals and distributed via the Internet.
- 10. No Access?
- 11. Open Access Mandates Research funders want to ensure that the research they support has the greatest possible impact. All seven UK Research Councils now have open access mandates mandates ( www.rcuk.ac.uk/research/outputs/access ).
- 12. PLoS Core Principles: Open access Excellence Scientific integrity Breadth Cooperation Financial fairness Community engagement Internationalism Science as a public resource
- 13. Institutional Repositories Sites for collecting, preserving & disseminating the intellectual output of an institution, particularly a research institution. Objectives: Create visibility for an institution's scholarly research. Collect content in a single location. Provide open access to institutional research output by self-archiving. Store & preserve institutional assets, including unpublished or otherwise easily lost "grey" literature (e.g. theses, technical reports).
- 14. Cost Savings! How to build a case for university policies and practices in support of Open Access. JISC, 25 February 2010.
- 15. What’s in it for me? Copyright is inherent in authorship. Giving it away versus retaining your rights. Thesis to book - an established career route. Publishers expectations? Sales versus readership? Research Excellence Framework (REF)?
- 16. Risk Assessment? Whether to share? Risk versus reward When to share? Managing your timing Where to share? Who do you want to read it?
- 17. Finding your voice(s) What’s your flava? Blog Facebook Twitter Distinctive, non-overlapping communities
- 18. Open Notebook Science (ONS)
- 20. Other Resources
- 22. It’s up to you I f you plan to protect it be as secretive as you can be. If you don't plan to protect it be as open as you can be. Jean-Claude Bradley
Editor's Notes
- #2: Alan Cann School of Biological Sciences University of Leicester http://bit.ly/AJCann
- #3: Acknowledgements
- #4: I am not a lawyer.
- #5: http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/ukoln/staff/b.kelly/
- #6: http://www.slideshare.net/CameronNeylon
- #7: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyright
- #8: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyleft
- #9: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_commons
- #10: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_access_(publishing)
- #11: http://www.nature.com/nature/focus/accessdebate/23.html Subscription prices to academic journals rose 227% between 1986 and 2002 - four times higher than the consumer prices inflation rate. A personal subscription to Nature costs £135 per year (£1590 per year for a university) and a personal subscription to Science costs US $255.00 per year. Almost all of the work published in these journals is funded by taxpayer's money or by charities such as the Wellcome Trust and Cancer Research UK. Very few scientists in developing countries and very few patient support groups can afford subscription fees to scientific journals. Who owns this information? Who paid for it?
- #12: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_access_(publishing) http://www.rcuk.ac.uk/research/outputs/access/
- #13: http://www.plos.org/ PLoS is a nonprofit open-access scientific publishing project aimed at creating a library of open access journals and other scientific literature under an open content license. It launched its first journal, PLoS Biology, in October 2003 and currently publishes seven journals, all containing peer-reviewed research.PLoS Core Principles: Open access. All material published by the Public Library of Science, whether submitted to or created by PLoS, is published under an open access license that allows unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Excellence. PLoS strives to set the highest standards for excellence in everything we do: in content, style, and aesthetics of presentation; in editorial performance at every level; in transparency and accessibility to the scientific community and public; and in educational value. Scientific integrity. PLoS is committed to a fair, rigorous editorial process. Scientific quality and importance are the sole considerations in publication decisions. The basis for decisions will be communicated to authors. Breadth. Although pragmatic considerations require us to focus initially on publishing high-impact research in the life sciences, we intend to expand our scope as rapidly as practically possible, to provide a vehicle for publication of other valuable scientific or scholarly articles. Cooperation. PLoS welcomes and actively seeks opportunities to work cooperatively with any group (scientific/scholarly societies, physicians, patient advocacy groups, educational organizations) and any publisher who shares our commitment to open access and to making scientific information available for the good of science and the public. Financial fairness. As a nonprofit organization, PLoS charges authors a fair price that reflects the actual cost of publication. However, the ability of authors to pay publication charges will never be a consideration in the decision whether to publish. Community engagement. PLoS was founded as a grassroots organization and we are committed to remaining one, with the active participation of practicing scientists at every level. Every publishing decision has at its heart the needs of the constituencies that we serve (scientists, physicians, educators, and the public). Internationalism. Science is international. PLoS aims to be a truly international organization by providing access to the scientific literature to anyone, anywhere; by publishing works from every nation; and by engaging a geographically diverse group of scientists in the editorial process. Science as a public resource. Our mission of building a public library of science includes not only providing unrestricted access to scientific research ideas and discoveries, but developing tools and materials to engage the interest and imagination of the public and helping non-scientists to understand and enjoy scientific discoveries and the scientific process.
- #14: Institutional Repositories http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institutional_repository An Institutional Repository is a site for collecting, preserving, and disseminating the intellectual output of an institution, particularly a research institution. Objectives: To create global visibility for an institution's scholarly research To collect content in a single location To provide open access to institutional research output by self-archiving it Oo store and preserve other institutional digital assets, including unpublished or otherwise easily lost ("grey") literature (e.g. theses, technical reports)
- #15: How to build a case for university policies and practices in support of Open Access. JISC, 25 February 2010. http://www.jisc.ac.uk/publications/programmerelated/2010/howtoopenaccess.aspx
- #16: Hannah Nicklin. Keeping my process open, keeping the university paying me. http://www.hannahnicklin.com/2010/01/keeping-my-process-open-keeping-the-university-paying-me/ Alek Skrotoski. To publish or not to publish online: redux. http://alekskrotoski.com/post/academic-to-publish-or-not-to-publish-online-redux
- #17: Whether to share? When to share? Where to share? The balance of advantages from sharing (feedback, reputation etc) with the potential disadvantages (being misrepresented, others stealing ideas etc).
- #18: Representations.
- #19: http://www.openscience.org http://usefulchem.wikispaces.com http://www.chemspider.com
- #20: http://www.okfn.org/
- #21: http://www.jisclegal.ac.uk/ http://www.web2rights.org.uk/
- #22: http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/